| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In 1779, this man was made aide to the commander-in-chief, George Washington, and later recommended the creation of the Department of the Navy. This man succeeded Timothy Pickering and was followed by Samuel Dexter as Secretary of War. A fort named for this man was bombarded by Alexander Cochrane and was the location of the death of Black soldier William Williams. Francis Scott Key composed a song about the "Star Spangled Banner" after seeing, for the point, the bombardment of a fort named for what man? | James McHenry (accept Fort McHenry) |
| This court case invalidated the decision made by the Minnesota Supreme Court in Baker v. Nelson. Rowan County Clerk Kim Davis gained national attention for refusing to follow this court case’s ruling. In his dissent, Justice John Roberts said the decision in this landmark case, which built off of Windsor v. U.S., could potentially expand the definition of marriage to allow polygamy. For the point, name this Supreme Court case which legalized same-sex marriage in all fifty states. | Obergefell v. Hodges (or James Obergefell, et al., Petitioners v. Richard Hodges, Director, Ohio Department of Health, et al.) |
| During one trial, this man argued that the appointment of William H. Woodward violated the Contract Clause. A presentation by this man inspired John Marshall to state that the "power to tax is the power to destroy." This man claimed his alma mater is a "small college" and "yet there are those who love it." In an 1850 speech, this man stated the South had the right to complain in response to Northern states ignoring the Fugitive Slave Act. For the point, who was this Massachusetts man who served as Secretary of State under three presidents? | Daniel Webster |
| This man, the first white man in Indiana to adopt a Black child, spent much of the early 1960s in Belo Horizonte studying Brazilian syncretic faiths. One of the few Congressmen to be assassinated in office, Leo Ryan, died while investigating this religious leader’s compound, instigated by claims that this man was holding people against their will. Later that same day, this cult leader convinced nearly a thousand of his followers to consume cyanide-laced Flavor Aid. For the point, name this leader of the Peoples Temple, who ran a namesake commune in Guyana. | Jim Jones |
| This man was defeated at the Battle of Agua Prieta due to logistical assistance provided to his enemy by the United States. Under the command of George Dodd, the 7th Cavalry marched 55 miles in one night to pursue this man, a move that culminated in the Battle of Guerrero. Woodrow Wilson tasked John Pershing with hunting down this leader following a 1916 incursion into New Mexico. The Division of the North was led by, for the point, what Mexican revolutionary who led a raid on Columbus? | Francisco "Pancho" Villa (accept José Doroteo Arango Arámbula) |
| This figure joined the National Consumers League and advocated for a 54-hour work week after witnessing the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire. This politician drafted the Social Security Act which was presented to Congress and implemented the first federal minimum wage through the Fair Labor Standards Act. With Eleanor Roosevelt, this person created and oversaw the women-only “She-She-She Camps," which functioned similarly to the CCC. For the point, name this first female Cabinet head, the Secretary of Labor throughout the FDR administration. | Frances Perkins |
| During this event, Thomas Maule published the critical pamphlet Truth Held Forth and Maintained. During this event, William Griggs urged his servant to make false accusations against Roger Toothaker, his main competitor. Sarah Cloyce was imprisoned during this event for defending her sister from slander. Mary Silby advised John Indian to create a rye cake mixed with the urine of Abigail Williams and Elizabeth Parris during this event. Ann Putnam, Jr. accused Tituba [[TITCH-yoo-bah]] of practicing magic in, for the point, what 1692 mass hysteria in Massachusetts? | Salem Witch Trials |
| While governor, this man pursued the conviction of 31 white men involved in the lynching of Willie Earle, a Black man who worked as a Greenville cab driver. This man gave the longest filibuster in Congressional history to delay the vote of the Civil Rights Act of 1957. The integration of the military by Harry Truman prompted the creation of the Dixiecrat party, which ran this politician as its only presidential candidate in 1948. For the point, name this senator from South Carolina who served from 1956 to 2003. | Strom Thurmond |
| In 2010, this politician succeeded DuBose Porter as minority leader of her state's House of Representatives. This politician is the only African-American woman to deliver the official response to the president’s State of the Union address. After losing a gubernatorial race to Brian Kemp in 2018, this politician founded Fair Fight Action to combat voter suppression. For the point, who is this lawyer and politician who is widely credited with helping Democrats claim both senate seats in Georgia's 2020 special election? | Stacey Abrams |
| During this campaign, Baroness Riedesel [[REE-deh-zel]] took cover in the cellar of the Marshall House, leading one side to believe it was the enemy command center. Henry Clinton captured Forts Clinton and Montgomery in an attempt to distract American forces during this campaign. Timothy Murphy may have killed Simon Fraser during an attack on Bemis Heights in this campaign. Horatio Gates defeated John Burgoyne in, for the point, what 1777 campaign that led to France joining the American Revolution? | Battle (s) of Saratoga (accept Saratoga campaign) |
| When this man was a Democratic Congressman, he campaigned for the placement of the recently-gifted Statue of Liberty in New York Harbor. This man’s employee, Nellie Bly, traveled around the world in 72 days. This man competed in the Circulation Wars with William Randolph Hearst, and his company published The Yellow Kid, a comic which names a type of sensational journalism. For the point, name this Hungarian-American publisher of the New York World whose will established a namesake group of prizes. | Joseph Pulitzer |
| While being cross-examined during this scandal, investigator L. Jean Lewis fainted. Susan McDougal, who co-owned Madison Guaranty, received a presidential pardon in 2000 for her involvement in this scandal. This scandal may have led to the suicide of Vince Foster, who had been tasked with getting rid of incriminating tax returns. This scandal concerned vacation properties near the White River in Arkansas. For the point, name this Clinton scandal of the early 1990s which was investigated by Kenneth Starr. | Whitewater Scandal (accept equivalents for "scandal" like "controversy") |
| At a New York rally for this man, fifteen thousand working men sang “The Internationale” after listening to an inspiring speech by this man's running mate, Emil Seidel. Clarence Darrow represented this head of the American Railway Union in his 1895 court case against the United States. This man's 1920 U.S. presidential campaign was run out of a prison cell after he encouraged workers to dodge the World War One draft. For the point, name this American Socialist who organized the Pullman Strike and ran for president five times. | Eugene V. Debs |
| In the Philadelphia paper The Port Folio, members of this party wrote a welcome platform under pseudonyms until Nicholas Biddle became its editor. Despite not running a candidate in the Election of 1820, this party managed to earn sixteen percent of the popular vote. This political party collapsed after the Hartford Convention in the midst of the War of 1812, leading to the Era of Good Feelings. For the point, name this rival party of the Democratic-Republicans, whose members included John Adams and Alexander Hamilton. | Federalist Party (or Federalists) |
| A UN commission in 2003, named for these things and led by Anna Lindh, explored their proliferation in the prior half-century. Potential terrorist threats with the chemical variety of these things were highlighted by the media after microbiologist Bruce Edwards Ivins mailed anthrax a week after 9/11. George Bush claimed that the harboring of these armaments justified a U.S.-led coalition invasion of Iraq. For the point, name this generic term for an often nuclear or chemical armament, which can potentially harm a large group of people. | Weapons of Mass Destruction (accept WMD; anti-prompt, ask for something less specific, on specific answers such as "nuclear weapons" or "chemical weapons") |
| A territory in this modern state had its first capital in the town of Fillmore in the Pahvant Valley until raids made settlers flee to Cove Fort. Dressed as Paiute [[PAI-yoot]] natives, a Christian sect ambushed and killed members of the Baker-Fancher wagon train at this state’s site of Mountain Meadows. This state was the location of Brigham Young's attempt to create an independent entity named Deseret, a safe haven for the Mormon people. For the point, name this Western U.S. state. | Utah |
| This man wrote that "science is a magnificent material force, but it is not a teacher of morals" after being denied a chance to give closing statements at a 1925 event. This man ran to be Moderator of the Presbyterian Church during the Fundamentalist-Modernist controversy, losing to Charles Wishart, who refused this man's request to end funding for schools that taught evolution. This orator debated Clarence Darrow during a “Monkey Trial” which discussed the merits of Darwin's theories. For the point, name this politician who delivered the "Cross of Gold" speech. | William Jennings Bryan |
| Journalist Gary Webb connected this event to the introduction of crack-cocaine into inner city neighborhoods in his “Dark Alliance” papers. During this event, one nation attempted to coerce Israel into withdrawing from the Golan Heights while negotiating with an envoy led by Robert McFarlane. John Poindexter and Oliver North’s involvement in this affair led to their arrest by the Tower Commission. For the point, name this Reagan-era scandal, which concerned arms deals with a Muslim-majority nation to fund right-wing opponents of the Sandinistas. | Iran-Contra affair (accept McFarlane Affair before mentioned; accept synonyms for "Affair" such as "Scandal") |
| In one speech, this man claimed that if he had taken his alleged actions on behalf of the rich, then "every man in this court would have deemed it an act worthy of reward rather than punishment." Prosecutor Andrew Hunter dispelled the notion that this man kissed a Black baby while walking to the gallows. Julia Ward Howe used a popular marching song titled for this man's body as the basis of her "Battle Hymn of the Republic." For the point, name this abolitionist, who was executed after leading an 1859 raid on Harpers Ferry. | John Brown |
| During this event, Terry Norman was working as a photographer for the FBI's COINTELPRO when he allegedly had to defend himself with a pistol. This event’s namesake “Truth Tribunal” is run by the family of Allison Krause, one of this event's victims. Four people died in this event when students protesting U.S. military expansion into Cambodia were fired upon by members of the National Guard. For the point, name this 1970 “massacre” of Ohio college students protesting the Vietnam War. | Kent State shootings (accept May 4 massacre; accept synonyms for "shootings" such as "killings" or "massacre") |
| Kareem Serageldin was the only American involved in this event to have served jail time for manipulating bond prices. In response to this event, the U.S. government created the Troubled Asset Relief Program. The Volcker Rule was enacted seven years after this event officially began. That rule was originally included in the Dodd-Frank Act, which sought to reinstate some of the deregulated provisions that helped cause this crisis. For the point, name this event, the worst U.S. economic decline since the Great Depression. | The Great Recession (prompt on answers involving the "housing bubble" or "mortgage crisis") |
| In the prelude to this battle, Thomas Jones was captured while attempting to defend Lake Borgne [[BORN]]. Forces under Thomas Mullins attempted to cross a canal during this battle but forgot to bring the necessary ladders. In exchange for a pardon, Jean Lafitte [[lah- FEET]] rallied his privateers to aid one side in this battle. This battle took place after the signing of the Treaty of Ghent, making it the last major clash of the War of 1812. For the point, name this 1815 battle in which Andrew Jackson defended a Louisiana city. | Battle of New Orleans |
| Following a speech by William Z. Foster, employees of this company undertook a 1932 “Hunger March,” partially organized by the Communist Party USA. Walter Reuther [[ROO-ther]], head of the UAW, organized a strike against this company, which became violent at the Battle of the Overpass. In Dodge v. [this company], the Michigan Supreme Court forced this company to act in the best interests of its shareholders. For the point, name this motor company, which manufactured the Model T. | Ford Motor Company |
| A man of this ethnicity, named John Mitchel, fled to the Confederacy from his prison in Tasmania to edit the pro-slavery Daily Enquirer. Volunteers of this ethnic group helped defend a Black school opened by Bishop John England from a Charleston, South Carolina mob. Many people of this ethnicity who could not afford to pay their way out of the Enrollment Act of 1863 engaged in the New York Draft riots. For the point, name this group of Europeans who immigrated en masse to the U.S. in the mid-19th century due to a Potato Famine. | Irish-Americans |
| Amelia Sablich, a member of the IWW, led workers in this industry in a 1927 demonstration known as the "first Columbine massacre." John D. Rockefeller, Jr. ordered an attack on workers during a Colorado "War" with people in this industry. Over 300 laborers in this industry died in Monongah [[mah-NAHN-gah]], West Virginia after a fire broke out from an open oil lamp falling on the ground. The UMW led a 1902 strike of workers in this industry which was named for anthracite. For the point, name this industry centered around the extraction of a certain fossil fuel. | Coal Mining (prompt on "Mining" or "Miners") |
| During the Cristero War, this group offered ten million dollars to the Mexican government under President Plutarco Calles [[CAH-yehs]] to aid in his fight against the Catholic Church. Franklin D. Roosevelt claimed he had no knowledge of Hugo Black's lifetime membership in this group. William Joseph Simmons founded the second iteration of this group atop Stone Mountain, where he declared himself Imperial Wizard. For the point, name this white supremacist group which originated in the American South during Reconstruction. | Ku Klux Klan (or KKK; prompt on "the Klan") |
| An aging Thomas Jefferson claimed this act would destroy the Union in a letter addressed to John Holmes. The Tallmadge Amendment served as a precursor to this bill which prohibited the expansion of one institution beyond Parallel 36 degrees 30 seconds. The Kansas-Nebraska Act repealed a provision of this bill, which banned most of the Louisiana Territory from becoming slave states. For the point, name this omnibus bill, supported by Henry Clay, which accepted the title slave state in exchange for the admittance of Maine as a free state. | Missouri Compromise |
| A diplomatic note signed by the U.S. and this nation agreed to uphold China’s Open Door Policy. Theodore Roosevelt agreed to allow limited immigration from this nation in the “Gentlemen’s Agreement.” The Stimson Doctrine states that the U.S. refused to recognize this nation’s conquests of the Chinese seaboard following the Mukden Incident. The U.S. formed the Lansing-Ishii [[EE-she]] Agreement, for the point, with what Asian Empire which fought the U.S. at notable battles like Iwo Jima and Okinawa? | Japanese Empire (accept Empire of Japan; accept Dai Nippon Teikoku) |
| A failed amendment to this treaty by Senator Jefferson Davis attempted to incorporate portions of the state of Nuevo León. Article XI [[ELEVEN]] of this treaty was annulled a year later after the U.S. found it impossible to contain Comanche raids. The negotiator of this treaty, Nicholas Trist, was immediately fired by President Polk after returning to Washington, D.C. for not acquiring the province of Baja [[BAH-hah]] California. For the point, name this treaty which ended the Mexican-American War, ceding much of Alta California and New Mexico. | Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (or Treaty of Peace, Friendship, Limits and Settlement between the United States and the Mexican Republic) |
| A member of this family names a resolution that formed the basis of the Declaration of Independence. The Battle of Edgar's Lane was won by a member of this family who earned a nickname due to his skill in commanding a namesake legion of dragoons. Ulysses S. Grant forced a member of this family to surrender at Appomattox Courthouse, effectively ending the Civil War. For the point, name this prominent American family which included "Light Horse Harry" and Confederate general Robert E. | Lee (accept Robert E. Lee; accept "Light Horse Harry" Lee; accept Richard Henry Lee) |
| Alexis de Tocqueville compared the Pennsylvania system of these institutions to “Complete Despotism” in one work. Celebrity Kim Kardashian personally met with Donald Trump to lobby for the First Step Act, which lessened re-entry rates to these places. A 1971 uprising occurred in one of these institutions called Attica, and another of these institutions can be found on a namesake island in San Francisco Bay. For the point, what are these penal institutions such as the defunct Alcatraz? | Prisons (accept jails; accept penitentiarys) |