| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| After this justice upheld the Cherokee Nation’s rights as an independent state within the U.S., Andrew Jackson apocryphally stated “[this man] made his decision, now let him enforce it.” This man, who presided over Worcester v. Georgia, oversaw a case involving the appointment of several "midnight judges" by an outgoing president. For the point, name this longest-serving Chief Justice of the Supreme Court who gave the court's decision in Marbury v. Madison. | John Marshall |
| Polish Noblewoman Catherine Radziwill stalked this man, claiming they were engaged. This proponent of the “Cape to Cairo” Railway supported the proto-Apartheid Native Lands Act, confining Black indigenous people to less than ten percent of South Africa. A scholarship was established in this man's name that allows people from around the world to study at Oxford. For the point, name this British diamond magnate and late 19th-century imperialist. | Cecil John Rhodes |
| This world leader's recurring ulcerative colitis forced him to announce his resignation in late August of 2020. This Prime Minister had a nationalist's pinkie finger mailed to him after he failed to visit the Yasukuni Shrine war memorial. This leader of the Liberal Democratic Party oversaw the imperial transfer from Akihito to Naruhito. For the point, name this longest serving Prime Minister of post-war Japan. | Shinzo Abe (or Abe Shinzo; prompt on "Shinzo") |
| In West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette, people of this faith successfully argued that their children did not have to participate in the Pledge of Allegiance. This faith, which distributes The Watchtower publication, literally interprets a passage from Revelation stating that heaven is limited to exactly 144,000 souls. For the point, name this Charles Taze Russell-founded denomination of Christianity that does not celebrate holidays. | Jehovah's Witnesses (accept JW) |
| The author of Ben-Hur, Lew Wallace, arrived late to this battle because, according to him, he was not ordered to use the Hamburg–Savannah Road. The soon-captured Benjamin Prentiss held the Confederates off at “The Hornet’s Nest” during this battle, giving General Grant enough time to organize a counterattack against Albert Sidney Johnston’s forces. For the point, name this battle of the Western Theater of the Civil War, a Union victory in Southern Tennessee. | Battle of Shiloh (accept the Battle of Pittsburg Landing) |
| In this country, the history of one ethnic group is documented in the Kano Chronicle. That group in this country, the Hausa, were dominated by the Muslim Sokoto Caliphate until 1903. Biafra seceded during the civil war in this country, which faces terrorist violence from the jihadist Boko Haram organization. For the point, name this former British colony which moved its capital from Lagos to Abuja. | Federal Republic of Nigeria |
| Two men swindled and robbed this figure in a “Gold Transfer” Scheme, leading Clinton D. MacDougall to propose a compensation bill for her service to the "Union Army as scout, nurse, and spy.” This abolitionist used the North Star to guide fugitives to safehouses in states like Maryland and Pennsylvania. For the point, name this African-American woman nicknamed “Moses” who led escaping enslaved people to the North via the Underground Railroad. | Harriet Tubman (accept Araminta Ross) |
| Propaganda claimed this man died from injuries sustained while driving in Normandy, but he actually took cyanide following his implication in Operation Valkyrie, a plot to kill Hitler. Allied decoding partially led to this man's defeat at the hands of Bernard Montgomery during the Second Battle of El Alamein. For the point, name this Nazi field marshal, nicknamed the "Desert Fox" for his exploits in the North Africa Campaign of World War Two. | Erwin Rommel (prompt on "Desert Fox" before mentioned) |
| This ploshchad [[PLOH-shut]] is the burial site of the American journalist John Reed, the author of Ten Days That Shook the World. West German teen Mathias Rust evaded Soviet air defenses and landed in this location in 1987 with the stated purpose of easing Cold War tensions. The embalmed body of Vladimir Lenin lies in a mausoleum in this location. For the point, St. Basil's Cathedral and the Kremlin are next to what major plaza in Moscow? | Red Square (or Krasnaya Ploschad; prompt on "Moscow" before mentioned) |
| After this event, NFL player Reggie White created the NGO “Crescent Rising” to demolish affected homes at no cost. This disaster collapsed the I-10 Twin Span Bridge over Lake Pontchartrain. One of the largest shelters for this disaster was the Superdome, home of the Saints football team. For the point, name this 2005 Category 5 hurricane which destroyed the levees of New Orleans and left much of its population homeless. | Hurricane Katrina |
| The Civil Defense force in this conflict is the subject of the 2017 Academy Award for Best Documentary (Short Subject), The White Helmets. The various factions involved in this conflict include the libertarian socialist Rojava state, the Islamist Tahrir al-Sham group, and a caliphate formerly led by Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi. For the point, what ongoing, multi-sided conflict has been fought against the government of Bashar al-Assad? | Syrian Civil War |
| President Adolfo Diaz asked U.S. Marines to intervene during a rebellion in this country, leading to an American occupation from 1912 to 1933. Earlier, Francisco Castellón [[kah-steh-YOHN]] hired mercenaries led by William Walker to seize power in this country. Ronald Reagan authorized an arms deal with Iran to fund this nation’s Contras. For the point, name this Central American country, formerly governed by the Sandinistas. | Republic of Nicaragua |
| Azerbaijani scientist Kerim Kerimov assisted in the design of this object, and U-2 spy plane photos revealed the construction of this object to the Eisenhower administration. This satellite’s namesake “shock” destroyed the American perception of the missile gap with an adversary during the Cold War. Launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome, for the point, what was the first artificial Earth satellite, a device deployed by the Soviet Union in 1957? | Sputnik-1 (or Elementary Satellite-1) |
| This man’s marriage to Catherine de Braganza included a dowry of Tangiers and several islands off the coast of Mumbai. Thomas Armstrong and the West Cabal planned the Rye House Plot to kill this king and his successor. The Clarendon Code reinstated the supremacy of the Church of England after this ruler was restored to power in 1660, following the Cromwell dictatorship. For the point, name this Stuart monarch who was succeeded by his brother James II. | Charles II of England |
| This regime demolished the Buddhas of Bamiyan under Mullah Omar, sparking public outcry. The provisional government of Gulbuddin Hekmatyar, the Mujahideen army, and this faction fought a three-way civil war in the 1990s. This government faced a major foreign invasion due to their involvement in the 9/11 terrorist attacks. For the point, name this Islamist regime of Afghanistan, overthrown by U.S. forces in 2001. | Taliban (accept Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan before "Afghanistan" is mentioned) |
| This work provides a critique of medieval age aristocracy due to their “total incapacity to comprehend the march of modern history.” Samuel Moore provided the definitive English translation of this book. This work states a “Spectre is haunting Europe” and is the origin of the commonly used phrase “Workers of the world, unite!” For the point, name this 1848 Friedrich Engels and Karl Marx work which outlined a namesake political ideology. | The Communist Manifesto (accept Manifesto of the Communist Party or Manifest der Kommunistischen Partei) |
| During a mic check in this election year unknowingly heard by audiences, a U.S. President in this year said “I'm pleased to tell you today that I've signed legislation that will outlaw Russia forever.” In one presidential primary in this year, a politician used the Wendy's slogan “Where’s the Beef” to demean Gary Hart’s platform and policies. Democrat Walter Mondale lost to the incumbent Ronald Reagan in, for the point, what U.S. Presidential Election year? | 1984 (accept Election of 1984) |
| This city’s Dum Dum Arsenal provides a nickname for a type of hollow-point bullet produced in the mid-1800s. On Direct Action Day, Muslims rioted in this city to assert a separate homeland in the impending partition of the British Raj. This city, home to an infamous "Black Hole" dungeon, served as the base for the East India Company. For the point, what capital of West Bengal was formerly the center of British India? | Kolkata (or Calcutta) |
| During this event, the Papier-Mache Goddess of Democracy was built by students and later destroyed by the People’s Liberation Party. The Sino-Soviet Summit occurred simultaneously with this event at the nearby Great Hall of the People. This event occurred in a public square housing the Mausoleum of Chairman Mao and the National Museum of China. A man blocking a tank became the iconic photo of, for the point, what 1989 protest? | Tiananmen Square Protests (accept June Fourth Movement, Tiananmen Square Massacre, or Tiananmen Square Incident) |
| This animal is often shown being slayed by the god Mithras in a cult followed by Roman soldiers and merchants. At the Battle of Tondibi, Songhai deployed a stampede of these animals in a failed attempt to overwhelm the Moroccan army. One of these animals owned by Mrs. O’Leary apocryphally started the Great Chicago Fire by kicking over a lamp. For the point, name these bovines, the "Longhorn" variety of which is a symbol of Texas. | Cattle (accept Bulls or Cows) |
| It’s not New York, but the Mayo brothers started their first clinic in this state’s town of Rochester. In 1998, this state unexpectedly elected former WWF wrestler Jesse “The Body” Ventura as governor over Hubert Humphrey III. Later on, this state elected the first Somali-American to Congress, Ilhan Omar. For the point, name this Land of Ten Thousand Lakes, whose "Viking" heritage refers to its Scandinavian immigrants. | Minnesota |
| Phillip II of Macedon won this event in the 357 BC Olympic Games. Gaius Appuleius Diocles, an athlete in this sport, was supposedly the highest-paid athlete ever after winning several wheat producing villas in the Italian countryside. An uprising among this sport’s factions caused Justinian to flee his capital during the Nika Riots. For the point, name this equine sport often held in Hippodromes and in Rome’s Circus Maximus. | Chariot Racing (accept word forms for "race"; prompt on “horse racing” or "racing") |
| This crop, which has been called the "staff of life to the Cherokee," was studied by Meriwether Lewis. This crop is believed to have been domesticated in the Tehuacan Valley of Mexico, becoming a staple of the Mesoamerican diet alongside quinoa and potatoes. A belt that stretches from Alberta to Central Texas is named for this grain. For the point, name this staple crop of U.S. agriculture, also called maize. | Corn (or Maize until mentioned) |
| In this century, the Albanian league elected the noble Skanderbeg to lead their independence movement. The burning of Jan Hus [[YAHN HOOS]] led to a decades-long civil war in Bohemia in this century. The last of the Palaiologos [[pah-lai-oh-LAH-gahs]] dynasty, Constantine XI, failed to hold Constantinople against Mehmed the Conqueror in this century. For the point, name the century during which Spain unified and Columbus reached the New World. | 15th Century (accept 1400s) |
| One of these events in Montana led to the settlement of Diamond City in the Confederate Gulch region. Levi Strauss began selling dry goods and denim overalls for workers during one of these events. The New York Herald announced the discovery of one mineral at Sutter’s Mill, leading to one of these events in California in the 1840s. For the point, name these bonanzas which occur after the finding of a precious metal. | Gold Rushes (or Gold Fever) |
| The legitimacy of Robert Capa’s story regarding his "Magnificent Eleven" photographs of this war has been questioned by historians. While accompanying the 80th infantry, J Malan Heslop photographed the liberation of the Ebensee [[AY-ben-zay]] concentration camp during this war. Photographer Joe Rosenthal depicted soldiers in this war raising a flag above Mt. Suribachi. For the point, name this war, the setting of the photo Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima. | World War Two (accept WWII or Second World War; prompt on "D-Day" until "war" is read) |
| In the aftermath of this event, Eugene Schmitz created the Committee of Fifty to organize relief. Fires caused by this event led to the loss of the original flag of the Bear Flag Revolt and the destruction of the Palace Hotel. This seismic event caused the destruction of City Hall and the Hall of Records, allowing thousands of Chinese residents to claim U.S. citizenship. For the point, name this 1906 earthquake along the San Andreas Fault line. | 1906 San Francisco Earthquake (prompt on partial answers like "1906 Earthquake") |
| The Warlord Period is likely responsible for the lack of concrete data on this disease’s effects in China. The signing of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk led to Germany releasing Russian soldiers infected with this disease back to their homeland. This pandemic "caused by an H1N1 virus" had its effects censored by the Allies while fighting on the Western Front. For the point, name this 1918-1920 pandemic named for an Iberian nation. | Spanish Flu (accept 1918 Influenza Pandemic or 1918 Flu before the year is mentioned) |
| This party's last informal presidential nominee, Rufus King, lost in a landslide to the man who previously succeeded him as Ambassador to Great Britain. This party collapsed after discussing the removal of the Three-Fifths Compromise and the possible secession of New England at the Hartford Convention. The First Party System included the Democratic- Republicans and this centralizing conservative party. For the point, name this party of John Adams and Alexander Hamilton. | Federalist Party |
| This man sent Louis-Nicolas Davout [[da-VOO]] to join General Legrand’s army at Vienna in a battle that led to the breakup of the Holy Roman Empire. This winner of the Battle of the Three Emperors at Austerlitz later defeated Mikhail Kutuzov at the Battle of Borodino during his failed 1812 invasion of Russia. For the point, name this emperor of France whose final loss occurred to the Duke of Wellington at the Battle of Waterloo. | Napoleon Bonaparte (accept Bonaparte or Napoleon I of France) |
| The “Anniversary of No” celebrates this nation’s refusal of a Benito Mussolini ultimatum by dictator Ioannis [[ee-WAH-nees]] Metaxas. This country was ruled by the Center Union party in a military junta known as the Regime of the Colonels. The Treaty of Sevres [[SEV-ruh]] gave this nation brief control over Ionia and Eastern Thrace from the Ottomans. For the point, name this republic whose more recent struggles include the rise of the Golden Dawn party and a conflict over Cyprus. | Greece (accept Hellenic Republic, Ellada, or Elliniki Dimokratia) |
| Paolo Uccello painted the defeat of a Sienese force by this city in The Battle of San Romano. Bandinelli depicted Neptune overlooking his oceanic domain in a fountain outside this city’s Palazzo Vecchio [[pah-LAH-tsoh VECK-yoh]]. Sandro Botticelli’s Adoration of the Magi depicts the visit of the Messiah by nobles from this city, including Cosimo and Lorenzo the Magnificent. For the point, name this Tuscan city once ruled by the Medici family. | Florence (or Firenze) |