| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A stealthy deployment strategy at this battle was likened to a "lion making exceedingly careful preparations to spring on a plucky little mouse." At this battle, fighting at Fox’s Gap involved the participation of two future U.S. presidents, Rutherford B. Hayes and William McKinley. This battle occurred near Boonesboro, and, like a later battle, included Union forces benefitting from the discovery of Special Order 191. Occurring three days before the battle of Antietam, for ten points, what was this Union victory in Maryland? | Battle of South Mountain (accept Battle of Boonesboro Gap before “Boonesboro” is mentioned) |
| In a 1943 work, this man claimed that Jesus’s statement "whoever loses his life for my sake will find it" would be meaningless in the absence of an afterlife. This man once stated, "Man's inclination to injustice makes democracy necessary." This man criticized John Dewey in Moral Man and Immoral Society and asked for the ability to “accept the things I cannot change [and the] courage to change the things I can” in a prayer popularized by Alcoholics Anonymous. The Serenity Prayer was written by, for ten points, what U.S. Reformed theologian of German heritage? | Reinhold Niebuhr |
| The burial sites of at least seven people were unearthed in this mountain range's Thor's Cave, found by the Manifold Way. In the Middle Ages, the northern elements of this mountain range were controlled by the Kingdom of Rheged. This mountain range’s Peak District hosts the famed spa town of Buxton, originally a Roman bath. The valleys of Aire [[AIR]] and Ribble traverse this mountain range, and the Summit Tunnel was completed in 1841, allowing for rail traffic through this range from Lancashire to Yorkshire. For ten points, name this mountain range, often described as the "Backbone of England." | Pennines (accept Pennine Range; accept Pennine Chain; accept Pennine Hills) |
| J. J. LeCain deputized men during this event, which led to the construction of Camp Pilot Butte. This event included a mob crossing Bitter Creek, an action that Sheriff Joseph Young and territorial Governor Francis Warren learned of after the fact. Thomas Bayard urged for indemnities after this event, which was mocked in the Thomas Nast cartoon "Here's a Pretty Mess!" Prior to this event, Ah Say asked for railroad tickets for workers of the Union Pacific Railroad. The Knights of Labor held a walkout leading up to, for ten points, what 1885 massacre of Chinese workers in Wyoming? | Rock Springs Massacre (or Rock Springs Riot) |
| This man contrasted the lives of the Larkins and O’Neills in a work partly set during the Easter Rising titled Trinity. The village of Gan Dafna is named after a lover of one of this author’s characters thought to be based on Moshe Dayan. That book, which topped the New York Times Best Seller List for eight months in 1958, was based on a real life incident in which a packet steamer bought by Haganah smuggled a number of immigrants into Mandatory Palestine. For ten points, name this American author of Exodus. | Leon Uris |
| This text, which totals only 1100 words, notes how one branch “holds the sword of the community” and another “commands the purse” while a third has “no influence over either.” A central concept in this text is justified by the claim “that the courts were designed to be an intermediate body between the people and the legislature.” Of the 85-article series of which this article is a part, this is the most widely cited by the U.S. Supreme Court. Written by Alexander Hamilton under the pseudonym Publius, for ten points, what late Federalist Paper deals with judicial review? | Federalist Paper Number 78 (accept The Judiciary Department before "judicial"; prompt on "Federalist Papers") |
| The initial phase of this program started with ten years in the cavalry or in service to a staff general. Sulla codified this program, whose first official component required individuals to be 30 years old. Cicero bragged about his ascent to the apex of this program “in his year.” Censor was the last step in this program, which began with the office of quaestor and included time as consul. Open to those of senatorial rank, for ten points, what “ladder of offices” was ascended by ambitious Roman politicians? | Cursus honorum (accept Course of honors; accept Ladder of offices before mentioned) |
| A minister for this man attempted to keep African Americans from entering the country and was named Frank Oliver. This man's faction opposed Liberal-Unionist conscription. This man's Naval Service Act created his country's navy, and his minister, William Fielding, made a natural products trading agreement. A young John Diefenbaker sold a newspaper to this leader in Saskatoon, and this man used "sunny ways" to compromise with Greenway over the Manitoba Schools Question. Robert Borden succeeded, for ten points, what Liberal leader, the first francophone Canadian prime minister? | Wilfrid Laurier [[low-ree-YEH]] |
| This man married a descendant of King Fernando I, Isabel de Castro. This man was supposed to lead the Revenge Fleet, though ultimately it was his rival, Vasco da Gama, who led it. Four ships under this man's command sank at the Cape of Good Hope. This man, who failed to negotiate with the Kilwa Sultanate, met the Tupiniquim [[too-PIN-ih-kwim]] and named the Island of the True Cross. This man landed at Porto Seguro and subsequently claimed a large South American country. For ten points, name this explorer who claimed Brazil for Portugal. | Pedro Álvares Cabral |
| A sailor named Anderson tried to stop this man, causing him to shoot Anderson in Quebec City. This man led riflemen in the Bee-Line March, and as the "Old Wagoner," this teamster was given a near-fatal 500 lashes for striking an officer, boasting that he only got 499. At Saratoga, this man ordered Timothy Murphy to shoot Simon Fraser. Banastre [[BAH- nah-ster]] Tarleton was sent to track this man down, though this man cunningly placed militiamen at the front with marksmen, causing a double envelopment. For ten points, name this hero at the Battle of Cowpens. | Daniel Morgan |
| This man wrote that “The humblest is the peer of the most powerful” and noted an exception made for nannies as an example of a certain hierarchy. This man stated that the Constitution “neither knows nor tolerates classes among citizens" after claiming that it was “color-blind” in reference to a case arising out of a violation of the Separate Car Act. The notion of “separate but equal” was challenged by, for ten points, what Justice whose lone dissent in Plessy v. Ferguson contributed to his nickname, "the Great Dissenter"? | John Marshal Harlan |
| When the Supreme Court heard Plessy v. Ferguson, this man sat as Chief Justice. This former senator from Illinois had a statue removed in 2021 from his home county, Kennebec, Maine, as county commissioners wanted to distance themselves from any connection with racial segregation. | Melville Fuller |
| Theagenes and Lysicles were among the losing commanders at this battle fought along the Cephissus River. Troezen and Megara helped provide forces to one side during this battle fought in Boeotia [[bee-oh-TEE-ah]]. Demosthenes helped rally forces that engaged in this battle, in which the Sacred Band was broken by an eighteen-year old commander of the Companion Cavalry who went on to conquer Persia. Athens and Thebes allied against Macedonia at, for ten points, what 338 BC victory for a young Alexander the Great and his father, Philip II? | Battle of Chaeronea [[kee-roh-NEE-ah]] |
| Thebes established hegemony over Greece following this 371 BC battle, in which the Spartans were devastated by the pioneering oblique order tactics of Epaminondas [[eh- pah-mih-NAHN-das]]. | Battle of Leuctra |
| During this emperor’s reign Li Yannian was director of a music bureau which he reorganized and enlarged. This man's worship of the Tai Yi prompted his construction of the shamanistic “House of Life.” Zhao Jiande was defeated by this man during a campaign against the Panyu-based Nanyue [[NAHN-YOO-EH]] kingdom. An envoy who travelled to Bactria before reporting back to this emperor was Zhang Qian [[ZHANG CHEE-AHN]]. Prior to the Qing [[CHING]] Dynasty’s Kangxi [[KAHNG-SHEE]] Emperor, this ruler held the record for the longest reign of a Chinese emperor, ruling for 54 years. For ten points, name this great emperor of the Han dynasty. | Wu of Han (accept Wu the Filial; accept Han Wu Di; accept Liu Che; accept Tong) |
| Emperor Wu successfully repelled this tribal federation of nomadic people who regularly forced the Chinese to send tribute. This group may have been the ancestor of the Huns, though that theory is disputed. | Xiongnu [[SHEE-AHNG-NOO]] |
| In 2013, David Rubenstein of the Carlyle Group spent over $14 million in an auction for a copy of this text. “An Admonition to the Reader” prefaced this text which was revised by Cotton Mather and Thomas Prince, a clergyman at the Old South Church. First published in Cambridge twenty years after the landing of the Mayflower, this text was often accompanied by tunes like “The Old 100th.” For ten points, name this religious text published in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, the earliest book printed in British North America. | Bay Psalm Book |
| At the time of the sale of the Bay Psalm Book, this was the most expensive manuscript ever sold, a handwritten notebook of scientific writings by Leonardo da Vinci, which was purchased for $30 million in 1994 by Bill Gates. It takes its name from Thomas Coke, the Earl of an East Midlands city. | Codex Leicester (accept Codex Hammer;accept Leicester Codex; accept Hammer Codex) |
| According to legend, this figure was abandoned by her mother, Derketo, and was rescued by the shepherd, Simmas. Diodorus Siculus [[SIK-yoo-luss]] claimed that the Behistun Inscription was written by this figure, who succeeded Ninus [[NAI-nuss]] as ruler of one kingdom. That occurred after Ninus fell in love with this figure during a siege in Bactria. An historical person who may have been the inspiration for this figure was a regent for her son Adad-nirari [[AH-dad nee-RAH-ree]] of Assyria. For ten points, name this mythological Babylonian queen. | Semiramis (accept Samiram; accept Shammuramat) |
| This Assyrian ruler was immortalized in a Lord Byron poem featuring his failed siege of Jerusalem. Hezekiah supposedly built a wall to stop the armies of this king, whose namesake "Annals" do not confirm his success. | Sennacherib (or Sin-ahhe-eriba) |
| This man claimed that the federalism of Reconstruction was a “Great Constitutional Revolution.” This man chaired the only nominating convention of the Liberal Republicans, which chose Horace Greeley as its candidate. After serving as Secretary of the Interior and as a Missouri senator, this man opposed the nomination of James G. Blaine as a leader of the Mugwumps. Before immigrating to America, this man participated in the Revolutions of 1848 while a member of a Burschenschaft [[BUR-shen-shahft]]. For ten points, name this Union general and politician who was born in Prussia. | Carl Schurz |
| One noted Mugwump was this "right to privacy" Jewish lawyer whose nomination to the Supreme Court in 1916 was so controversial that the Senate held the first ever public hearings for a Court nomination. | Louis Brandeis |
| This author's The Black Obelisk depicts the hyperinflation and nationalism in his native Germany in the 1920s. This author's first novel, The Dream Room, was begun when he was sixteen but not finished until after World War One. This author was wounded in 1917 by shell shrapnel while serving in the trenches between Torhout [[TOHR-hout]] and Houthulst [[HOWT-hoolst]]. The teacher Kantorek inspires Paul Bäumer [[BOY-muh]] to volunteer in World War One in, for ten points, what author’s depiction of the effects of war on soldiers, All Quiet on the Western Front? | Erich Maria Remarque |
| Like Remarque, who published his novel Arc de Triomphe while living in exile, this Austrian author wrote about Dr. B splitting into the personas White and Black in The Royal Game after he fled to Brazil following the rise to power of the Nazi party. | Stefan Zweig |
| An annotated version of this person's work won C. Vann Woodward the Pulitzer Prize in History. In addition to governing South Carolina, Stephen Decatur Miller was the father of this author, who grew up on Mulberry Plantation. This woman was the wife of an aide to P.G.T Beauregard, and is best known for a series lasting from 1861 to 1865 which begins, “This journal is intended to be entirely objective.” The disruption of meals during the bombarding of Fort Sumter appears in, for ten points, what Southern woman's Civil War diary? | Mary Boykin Chesnut |
| Mary Boykin Chesnut made the acquaintance of many notable Southerners, including this man, a U.S. Senator from Alabama before the war who was imprisoned for his suspected role in the Lincoln assassination and appeared on the Confederate one dollar bill from the fourth issue onward. | Clement Claiborne Clay, Jr. (accept C.C. Clay, Jr.) |
| This work concludes by claiming that “political rights are the sole guarantee of our civil rights.” A follow-up to its author’s “Essay on Privileges," this work claims that 25 million individuals make up the central group as opposed to the 200,000 outside of it. Written after Jacques Necker [[neh-KEHR]] opened discussion regarding the composition of the Estates-General, the answer given to the central question of this text is “everything.” For ten points, name this 1789 pamphlet written by Abbé Sieyès [[ab-BAY see-YES]] on the eve of the French Revolution. | What is the Third Estate? (or Qu'est-ce que le Tiers-État? [[keh-skuh-luh-teers- eh-TAH]]) |
| Abbé Sieyès coined this term in 1780 which was later defined by Auguste Comte. Comte had previously used the term "social physics" to define this study of the collective of human life through scientific analysis. | Sociology |
| This agreement required that one side’s “August Sovereign” and the other country’s leader ratify it within eighteen months. This agreement's fourth article guaranteed the humane treatment of shipwrecked sailors. Four years after this agreement was signed, it was followed up by the Treaty of Amity and Commerce. Signed in 1854, this agreement forced an end to the policy of sakoku by calling for Shimoda and Hakodate [[hah-koh-DAH- teh]] to allow entry of one country’s ships into their ports. For ten points, name this treaty which opened U.S. trade with Japan. | Convention of Kanagawa (accept Treaty of Kanagawa) |
| Earlier, in 1846, an official American expedition led by James, a member of this American political family, was turned away by the Japanese. | Biddle (accept James Biddle) |
| State in which the Seminole tribe was created in the 18th century. | Florida |
| State with a federally recognized Seminole nation which was also the destination of the Cherokee on the Trail of Tears. | Oklahoma |
| Advisor to Chief Micanopy who led the Seminole resistance to removal. | Osceola (accept Asi-yahola; accept Billy Powell) |
| Officer and supposed inventor of baseball who was critical of the U.S. Army's performance against the Seminoles. | Abner Doubleday |
| Southeastern U.S. tribe from which most Seminole descend which fought a regional war in 1813-14. | Creek (accept Muscogee; accept Mucogee Creek Confederacy) |
| Treaty they signed which gave up lands in Florida in exchange for a reservation and U.S. protection. | Treaty of Moultrie Creek |
| Chief who led a 20-year guerilla campaign, leading the U.S. to offer cash to get them to move to Oklahoma. | Billy Bowlegs (accept Billy Bolek; accept Holata Micco) |
| "Father of the Quartermaster Corps" who captured Micanopy through the use of a false flag of truce. | Thomas Jesup |
| Official currency of nineteen EU member states, first introduced in 1999. | Euro |
| Country with which the European Parliament asked the EU to stop accession talks in 2019 due to human rights issues. | Republic of Turkey |
| Baltic state which dropped its kroon currency for the Euro in 2011. | Republic of Estonia |
| Dutch city where a 1992 treaty was signed to create the EU. | Maastricht Treaty (or Treaty of Maastricht) |
| French president who fathered that treaty with Helmut Kohl. | François Mitterrand |
| Country which has been home to the Court of Justice since 1952. | Grand Duchy of Luxembourg |
| Passport-free travel area established in a 1985 agreement, which includes 22 EU member states. | Schengen Area |
| Former Belgian prime minister who was elected president of the European Council in 2019. | Charles Michel |
| Elite Ottoman soldiers often kidnapped from Christians as children. | Janissary Corps |
| Slave class of Sparta which fought in the Third Messenian War. | Helots (or Heilotes) |
| Chinese slave and explorer who traversed the Indian Ocean for the Ming emperor. | Zheng He [[ZHUNG-HUH]] (accept either underlined portion; accept Cheng Ho; be lenient on pronunciation) |
| Ottoman rival sultanate which seized Egypt in the 13th century and is named for the Arabic word for "slave." | Mamluk Sultanate (accept Mamluks) |
| Force of 300 Athenian slave archers dressed to look like a certain Eurasian people. | Scythian archers (or Scythians) |
| Caliphate which founded Baghdad from which Turkic slave-soldiers called Ghilman were deployed. | Abbasid Caliphate (accept Abbasids) |
| Second Ottoman bey who established Europe's first standing army comprised of slaves. | Orhan (accept Orhan Ghazi; accept Orkhan) |
| Slave-soldiers used by the Portuguese empire to manage estates in modern Mozambique. | Achikunda |
| Thomas Nairne and John Wright were among those killed during this conflict's Pocotaligo massacre. Near the Salkehatchie River, Governor Charles Craven led a militia of about 250 men against this war's namesake group. The (+) Cherokee joined the Catawba on this conflict's colonial side after the Tugaloo Massacre. This conflict was fictionalized in a novel by William Gillmore Simms, and during it, colonists fled to (*) Charles Town. For ten points, name this 1715 to 1716 war, fought between a namesake Native American tribe and the colonial militia of South Carolina. | Yamasee War |
| This man was a leader of the Doctrinaires, a group of royalists who hoped to reconcile the monarchy with the ideals of the French Revolution. As Minister of Education, this man oversaw the creation of (+) primary schools in every commune. This man dismissed the concerns of liberals who wanted to expand suffrage to non- propertied men, stating that those who wanted the vote should (*) “enrich [them]selves.” For ten points, name this French prime minister whose ban on the Campaign of the Banquets catalyzed the revolution against Louis Philippe in 1848. | François Guizot [[gwee-ZOH]] |
| For his role in the Petra Bank scandal, this man was convicted of bank fraud and sentenced to 22 years in prison in absentia. U.S. soldiers raided this man's office in 2004 and targeted his long-term director of intelligence, Aras (+) Habib. After the U.S. occupation of Iraq began in 2003, this man served as president of the Governing Council, Minister of Oil, and (*) Deputy Prime Minister. For ten points, name this so-called “George Washington of Iraq,” who founded the Iraqi National Congress and provided fabricated intelligence about Saddam Hussein. | Ahmed Chalabi |
| This man's wife, Arlie, studied "emotional labor" in books like The Managed Heart. A book by this man revived the reputation of Roger Casement's collaborator, E.D. Morel. This co-founder of (*) Mother Jones wrote a book inspired by Thomas Clarkson and John Newton, which follows the anti-slavery movement and is titled Bury the Chains. Another of this man's books tells of the dehumanization of workers who gathered rubber in a colony co-founded by (*) Henry Morton Stanley. For ten points, name this author of King Leopold's Ghost. | Adam Hochschild |
| The disjointed plot of a work by this composer is often attributed to the fact that a drunk Konstantin Bakhturin derived it in fifteen minutes. In an opera by this composer, Polish forces are deceived into travelling deep into a forest far from their target. (+) Ratmir appears in that opera by this man, in which one title character is kidnapped by the Varangian Farlaf. The story of Ivan Susanin forms the basis for one opera by this composer, who based another on a work by (*) Alexander Pushkin. For ten points, name this composer of Ruslan and Lyudmila and A Life for the Tsar. | Mikhail Glinka |
| This man transported Antonio Canova’s sculpture, George Washington, from Europe to Boston aboard the USS Columbus. During the War of 1812, this man was wounded in a battle in which he captured the HMS Java while commanding the USS (*) Constitution. While commander of the Philadelphia, this man was captured after grounding the ship in Tripoli. Stephen Decatur [[dee-KAY-tur]] later (*) burned this man's ship during a set of conflicts in which he was ordered to enforce a blockade of Algiers. For ten points, name this hero of the Barbary Wars. | William Bainbridge |
| This ruler’s nicknames include “The Italian Hamlet” and “The Hesitant King.” In 1848, this king announced his support for the idea of a federal Italy led by the pope and granted the first modern (+) constitution of any Italian state. In 1821, this man initially supported, but then opposed, attempts to institute a constitutional monarchy in the realm of his predecessor, the Duke of Savoy. In 1849, this man suffered a loss at Novara to the Austrians, after which he abdicated in (*) favor of his son, Victor Immanuel II. For ten points, name this mid 19th-century king of Piedmont-Sardinia. | Charles Albert of Sardinia (accept Carlo Alberto) |
| The Yellowbanks estate was located close to this location and was owned by its best known resident’s uncle, James Alfred. Found on Cove Neck, this estate was almost named “Leeholm,” in honor of its main resident’s wife, (+) Alice. The owner of this estate ultimately named this home after the Algonquin word for "chieftain." This estate's main resident died there in 1919 but had previously received dignitaries there at the outset of the negotiations to end the (*) Russo-Japanese War. Serving as the Summer White House from 1901 to 1908, for ten points, what is this residence of Theodore Roosevelt? | Sagamore Hill |
| After an assignment to South Asia given by Collier’s magazine, this man proposed a treaty that gave India control of the Ravi and the Sutlej. In his book Change, Hope, and the Bomb, this man criticized the nuclear industry for failing to address issues of nuclear waste. That book was published after this man co-wrote a 1946 report calling for nuclear (+) arms control with Dean Acheson. Wendell Wilkie opposed an organization this man headed, which aimed to provide (*) rural areas with electricity. For ten points, name this head of the Tennessee Valley Authority. | David E (li) Lilienthal |
| This man carried a medicine man's gourd in his last appearance at Hawikuh, where the Zuni may have killed him. This man and Andrés Dorrantes de Carranza were swept ashore alongside eighty men at Galveston. This man was one of only four survivors of an eight-year journey in which he and (+) Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca walked two thousand miles to Sinaloa. This Moroccan, the "first great African man in (*) America," was part of the 1527 Narváez expedition. For ten points, name this enslaved person who became the first North African Berber to explore North America. | Estevanico (accept Estebanico; accept Esteban de Dorantes; accept Mustafa Azemmouri; accept Esteban the Moor; accept Black Stephen; accept Stephen the Moor; accept Little Stephen) |
| This dynasty ruled an empire which bordered the Kingdom of the Danes to its north, the Emirate of Córdoba to its west, and the Slavs and Avars to its east. This dynasty faced difficulty asserting its Italian claims against the (+) Byzantine Empire and the Lombards. In 888, a lack of suitable heirs led to the collapse of this dynasty, leaving Arnulf of Carinthia and (*) Odo of Paris as rulers of East and West Francia, respectively. For ten points, name this Frankish dynasty whose best known member is Charlemagne. | Carolingian Dynasty (accept Carolingians; accept Karlings; accept Carlovingians) |
| This iconic Mexican revolutionary from Morelos formed the Liberation Army of the South and worked to establish the land reforms of the Plan of Ayala before he was killed in a 1919 ambush by the troops of Venustiano Carranza. | Emiliano Zapata |