| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In 2012, seventh grader BridgeAnne d’Avignon researched that all U.S. Presidents except for one can trace their bloodlines to this king, who besieged Rochester Castle by sending an army of 40 fat pigs. This man, who was excommunicated by Innocent III, fought the First Barons’ War after breaking an agreement that he was forced to sign at Runnymede. For ten points, name this English king who signed the Magna Carta in 1215. | King John (accept John Lackland or John Softsword) |
| In this colony, Pedro Menendez de Aviles massacred Huguenots at Fort Caroline. The Treaty of Moultrie Creek forced natives in this colony to relinquish their land. The US gained control of this colony after James Monroe signed the 1819 Adams-Onis agreement. Juan Ponce de Leon attempted attempted to find a Fountain of Youth in what would become this colony. The Seminole Wars were fought in, for ten points, what colony where St. Augustine was founded? | Spanish Florida |
| This religion’s Akal Takht was used as an armory and was partially destroyed in Operation Blue Star, which targeted a holy site of this religion. In this religion, langwar is offered at gurdwaras like the Golden Temple to people of any faith. Gobind Singh and Nanak preceded this religion’s current and final Guru, the Adi Granth. For ten points, name this Indian religion whose adherents carry a kirpan blade and maintain uncut hair as part of the Five Ks. | Sikhism (accept Sikhi) |
| This country’s town of Stepnogorsk was home to a Soviet facility that could produce hundreds of tons of weaponized anthrax per year. In 1995, American inspectors were allowed to visit that site by this country’s President, who resigned in March 2019. This country’s capital city was re-named in honor of that president, Nursultan Nazarbayev. For ten points, name this country, the largest non-Russian member of the USSR, whose capital was once named Astana. | Kazakhstan |
| In a novel set in this country, a postcard reading “Optimism is the opium of the people” is sent to Marketa by Ludvik Jahn. The author of that novel, The Joke went into exile in France in 1975, where he wrote about Franz, Sabina, Tereza, and Tomas during a 1968 invasion. The Unbearable Lightness of Being by Milan Kundera was inspired by, for ten points, what country’s Prague Spring? | Czechoslovakia (do not accept or prompt on Czech Republic, Czechia, or Slovakia) |
| This policy, which was chosen over the recommendations of NSC 68, was described in the Long Telegram that George Kennan sent to the president. Alternatives to this policy included rollback and detente [day-tahnt]. Under the Truman Doctrine, this policy became the American strategy to fight the Cold War. For ten points, name this policy that aimed to control the spread of communism. | containment (accept word forms) |
| This region consolidated itself at the conclusion of the Landschut War, which unified duchies at Straubing and Ingolstadt. Austria attempted to place a Habsburg on this region’s throne during the Potato War. A king of this region disappeared at Lake Starnberg, built Neuschwanstein [noysh-von-stein] Castle, and was known as Mad King Ludwig. For ten points, name this large region of Germany whose capital is Munich. | Bavaria (or Bayern) |
| This man authorized Operation Praying Mantis in retaliation to an attack on the ship Samuel B. Roberts. In a speech to evangelicals, this man dubbed the Soviet Union the “evil empire.” This man cited the theory of trickle-down economics as he proposed large tax cuts. His administration was implicated in funding rebel groups against the Sandinista regime. For ten points, name this president who oversaw the Iran-Contra affair, a former Hollywood actor. | Ronald Reagan |
| This artist’s The Dancing Trees was completed while at his summer home at Lake George, and he created a series of abstract cloud depictions called Equivalents. Women wearing shawls hang their clothes below an empty walkway with chain railings in his most famous photograph depicting lower-class passengers on board the SS Kaiser Wilhelm. For ten points, name this Photo-Secession photographer of The Steerage, the husband of Georgia O’Keefe. | Alfred Stieglitz |
| Alfred Stieglitz depicted one of these animals walking in the snow in Winter - Fifth Avenue. Eadweard Muybridge arranged 16 cameras to depict one of these animals. | horses (accept equivalents) |
| A reduction in the green-seed variety of this crop caused the Lancashire Famine. John Kay’s flying shuttle helped speed up the production of this crop. James Hammond delivered a speech claiming his home was invincible because this crop “is king.” This crop’s production greatly increased due to an invention by Eli Whitney. For ten points, name this cash crop of the American South that was picked by slaves and processed by a special “gin.” | cotton |
| This mill owner in Pawtucket memorized the designs of textile mill machines in England and reproduced them in America, thus helping found the American cotton textile industry. | Samuel Slater |
| While visiting Russia, a mathematician from this country resolved the St. Petersburg Paradox posed by his cousin, Nicolas. Another mathematician from this country used the cycloid to answer the brachistochrone problem posed by his brother, Johann. A third mathematician from this country solved the Seven Bridges of K¨onigsberg problem and is the namesake of the number e. For ten points, name this country in which the Bernoulli family lived in the city of Basel. | Switzerland |
| The number e was named for this Swiss mathematician, who also showed that “V minus E plus F equals 2” in his polyhedron formula. | Leonhard Euler |
| This building, whose artwork depicts the war of the Lapiths and Centaurs, was damaged in the Morean War after Venetians struck a gunpowder store hidden inside. The Delian League’s treasury was held in this building, which was built by Kallikrates and Iktinos near the Propylaea. Lord Elgin famously removed marble statues from this temple on the Acropolis. For ten points, name this temple that is dedicated to Athena on the Acropolis of Athens. | the Parthenon |
| The Elgin marbles that were removed from the Parthenon were sculptures produced by this ancient artist and his team. This man also sculpted the Athena Promachos, which once stood near the Parthenon. | Phidias |
| This civilization’s cities can be classified into the Chenes and the Central Peten styles of architecture. The mythology of these people describes how the Hero Twins descended into Xibalba [she-bal-ba] and played a sacred ball game. This civilization produced the Long Count calendar, which gullible people believed indicated the world would end in 2012. For ten points, name this Mesoamerican civilization that built the city of Chichen Itza in the first millennium AD. | Maya civilization (accept Mayans) |
| The story of the Hero Twins is detailed in this Mayan mythological text, which was studied by Francisco Ximenez in the early 18th century. | Popul Vuh (or Popul Wuj) |
| During this year, the minimum wage increased 35 percent via the Grenelle Agreements. In this year, one president fled to Baden-Baden to meet with Jacques Massu. Guy Debord’s pamphlet On the Poverty of Student Life led to labor strikes in this year, in which student and union protesters forced the president to temporarily flee the country. For ten points, name this year in which French students protested against Charles de Gaulle’s government in May. | 1968 (prompt on “68”) |
| The May 1968 protests began with students at this university taking over public buildings in the Left Bank of Paris. Prime Minister Georges Pompidou announced the reopening of this university in Paris’ Latin Quarter. | Sorbonne University |
| This event led the Supreme Court to rule that Congress had a right to compel testimony in the case McGrain v. Daugherty. A Cabinet member went to jail for the first time as a result of this event. Harry Sinclair and Edward Doheny paid kickback bribes to Secretary of the Interior Albert Fall during, for ten points, what scandal in which Navy oil lands were leased during the Harding presidency? | Teapot Dome scandal |
| Many of the people embroiled in the Teapot Dome scandal were members of this informal group of advisors, politicians, and businessmen close to Harding, named for his home state. | Ohio Gang |
| This man hid in a marsh after his force was ambushed by an enemy who forgot to wait for the watchword, “Liberty.” This man avenged his step-father’s death at the Battle of Philippi by defeating Cassius and Brutus. At a battle on the Ambracian Gulf, this man’s general Agrippa led his forces to victory over Antony. For ten points, name this member of the Second Triumvirate who won the Battle of Actium and became the first Roman Emperor. | Augustus (accept Octavian; accept Gaius Octavius Thurinus) |
| The reign of Augustus led to a two-century-long period of prosperity known by this two-word Latin name, coined by Seneca the Younger. | Pax Romana |
| US state that was home to a kingdom ruled by Kamehameha. | Hawaii |
| Caribbeancommonwealththatvotedinfavorofstatehoodin2012,whichCongressessentiallyignored. | Puerto Rico |
| Island south of Florida that the 1898 Teller Amendment dictated the US could invade, but not annex. | Cuba |
| Pacific country whose leader, Emilio Aguinaldo, fought both Spanish and American controllers. | the Philippines |
| Pacific island with capital Hagatna where the Chamorro people have been ruled by Spain and the US. | Guam |
| Central American country where the US fought rebels under Augusto Sandino from 1927-1933. | Nicaragua |
| Deadly mid-1300s pandemic during which peasants pushed for higher wages. | Black Death (or bubonic plague or black plague; prompt on plague) |
| German monk of the 95 Theses who called for peasants to be put down like “mad dogs.” | Martin Luther |
| English leader of a 1381 Peasants’ Revolt against Richard II. | Wat Tyler |
| Country where peasants led the Jacquerie [zhock-air-ee] revolt in 1358. | France |
| German author of Faust who wrote a biography of a highwayman during the German Peasants’ War. | Johann Wolfgang von Goethe |
| 19th century thinker who studied the German Peasants’ War and wrote The Condition of the Working Class in England. | Friedrich Engels |
| Country that she ruled from present-day Luoyang. | China |
| Religion that she elevated above Daoism, introduced by merchants from India. | Buddhism |
| Empire on a Himalayan plateau from which her generals recaptured Kashgar and other towns. | Tibetan Empire |
| Dynasty that she temporarily overthrew in 690; its emperors included Taizong. | Tang Dynasty |
| Title she held as empress, denoting inherited status from her deceased husband. It was also held by Cixi [see-shee]. | dowager empress (or empress dowager; accept huang t`aih`ou) |
| Short-lived dynasty that she ruled; it shares its name with an earlier dynasty that followed the Shang. | Second Zhou Dynasty |
| Government ability to carry out this law was secured after the signing of the treaties of Cusseta and New Echota. The declaration “Marshall has (+) made his decision, now let him enforce it” was legendarily made after the ruling in Worcester v. Georgia undermined this legislation, which was endorsed by (*) Andrew Jackson. The Trail of Tears took place as this law forced the Cherokee tribe into Oklahoma. For ten points, name this 1830 act in which Native Americans were evicted from their lands in the American South. | Indian Removal Act |
| Ulubatli Hasan died at this city after raising his army’s flag despite being wounded by 27 arrows. During an attack on this city, one leader was supposedly turned into marble for his protection. Genoan leader Giovanni Giustiniani died while defending this city, whose (+) walls were destroyed by a huge cannon designed by the engineer Orban. This city was sacked in (*) 1453 by Mehmet II, who stormed into the Hagia Sophia. For ten points, name this capital of the Byzantine Empire. | Constantinople (do not accept Byzantium or Istanbul) |
| This man said “We stand today on the edge of a New Frontier” while accepting a nomination at the Democratic National Convention. This man asked the Senate Majority Leader, nicknamed (+) “Landslide,” to serve as his running mate. This man and Richard Nixon (*) appeared in the first televised Presidential debate, which this man won via his youthful vigor. For ten points, name this 35th President of the United States, who was succeed by Lyndon Johnson after his assassination. | John F. Kennedy (or JFK; prompt on Kennedy) |
| William Farr incorrectly convinced others that this disease was caused by “miasmata” present in the air. Richard Thomson failed to show that “vibriones” caused this disease, but the name “Vibrio” stuck as the genus name for the bacteria that causes this disease. Reverend Henry (+) Whitehead and John Snow managed to isolate the source of this disease to a pump on Broad Street, which people would (*) drink from before dying of intestinal infection. For ten points, name this waterborne disease that befell London in 1854. | cholera |
| A wooden statue of Tecumseh is the dedicatee of this composer’s piece “Who’s Who in Navy Blue?” Another composition by this man was commissioned for an essay contest by a newspaper. This composer included a (+) piccolo obbligato in the trio section of his magnum opus. He names a brass instrument that (*) wraps around the performer’s body for easy use while walking. For ten points, name this American “March King” who wrote “The Stars and Stripes Forever.” | John Philip Sousa |
| Genevieve de Galard became known as the “Angel” of this battle. The year before this battle, a large paratrooper contingent secured an airstrip in Operation Castor. Sites named “Beatrice” and (+) “Gabrielle” were central to this battle at which Charles Piroth committed suicide. The losing side was commanded by Christian de Castries, whose forces were overrun by the (*) artillery of Vo Nguyen Giap’s Viet Minh. For ten points, name this 1953 battle in the First Indochina War. | Battle of Dien Bien Phu |
| A work with this title by Howard Koch was forced to remove references to McGill University and the US Weather Bureau to reduce its credibility. Professor Richard Pierson was voiced by (+) Orson Welles in a work with this title, which was based on a work in which a red weed overtakes most of England. An unnamed narrator flees from a (*) heat-ray wielded by tentacled monsters in tripods in a novel with this title. For ten points, name this radio drama and H.G. Wells novel about the invasion of Earth by Martians. | The War of the Worlds |
| Resistance groups in this country were leaked information by Georg Duckwitz, allowing them to save over 90% of this country’s Jewish population. This country was the home of the Churchill Club, a group of school boys that sabotaged Nazi property. The world’s first (+) paratrooper attack targeted this country’s Masnedo fortress. Operation Weserubung attacked this country’s bases in Jutland and forced King (*) Christian X to surrender. For ten points, identify this country whose capital is at Copenhagen. | Kingdom of Denmark |
| This battle, which occurred along the Malian Gulf, was fought at the same time as the Battle of Artemisium. For the third day of fighting, (+) Ephialtes [eff-ee-all-teez] revealed a hidden mountain pathway, dooming the losing side of this battle, who had boasted that the enemy’s (*) arrows would allow them to fight in the shade. For ten points, name this 480 BC battle in which Xerxes defeated Leonidas’ legendary army of 300 Spartans. | Battle of Thermopylae (accept Mache ton Thermopylon) |
| Nobel Peace Prize winner Rigoberta Menchu is an activist for the native Mayan people of what Central American country where Jacobo Arbenz was overthrown in 1954? | Guatemala |