| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In the fatigue formofthisprocess,repeatedapplicationofforcecausesthespreadof striations. For ductile materials, this process occurs after strain hardening and necking at the end point of astress-straincurve.Inhighlybrittlematerials,thisprocessoccurswithout plastic deformation. This processoccurswiththepropagationofcracks.Forthepoint,name this process that occurs when stress causes solidobjects to break in two. | Fracture (accept word forms; acceptCrackingor FatigueCrackbefore mentioned) |
| Grignard [[green-YARD]] reagents are commonly stored in a ring-shaped solvent with this functional group called THF. This functional group is made by reacting an alkyl halide with an alcohol in a synthesis reaction named for Williamson. Three-atom cyclic examples of these molecules are called epoxides. For the point, name this functional group consisting of two carbon chains bonded to a single oxygen atom, whose "diethyl" type was formerly a common anesthetic. | Ethers (accept DiethylEther) |
| Lewis Binford promulgated the "new" form of this field in abookthatsaidthisfield is "anthropology or it is nothing." The study of seemingly unimportant features inthisfield was popularized byInSmallThingsForgottenbyJamesDeetz.Popularmethodologiesofthis field include remote sensing and analysis of physical culture.Forthepoint,namethissocial science field that involves excavating old human settlements. | Archaeology (accept word forms) |
| An ion in its lowest possible energy stateisproducedinatypeofionizationprocess with this property. The heat capacity ratio is often known as this property's index. This property is usually only possible in insulated systems, because it only occurs when the change in internal energy equals work. Along with reversibility, isentropic processes possess this property. For the point, name this property of processes that have zero heat transfer. | Adiabatic[[ah-dee-ah-BAH-tik]] (acceptAdiabaticindex) |
| An organism's field metabolic rate is commonly measured by treatment with this molecule, a type of DLW. The CANDU reactor uses this molecule as a neutron moderatorto avoid the need for enriched uranium. This common NMR solvent has a mass of 20 daltons because of its two extra neutrons. For the point, name this molecule that contains two deuterium atoms bonded to an oxygen atom and has a larger mass than asimilaruniversal solvent. | Heavy Water (orDeuterium Oxide; orD2Oor2H2O; prompt on "Deuterium"; do not accept or prompt on "water" or "H2O") |
| This mountain rangeishometotheonlyextantshortfacedbear,thespectacledbear. This range's northern end is home to the Mountain Tapir, and this mountain range is the natural habitat of chinchillas and guinea pigs. Wild camelids found in this mountain range include the vicuña [[vih-KOO-nyah]] and guanaco [[gwah-NAH-koh]]. For the point, name this South American mountain range home to alpacasand llamas. | AndesMountains (or Cordillera de losAndes;acceptAndeanMountains; prompt on "Altiplano") |
| The Torino or Palermo scales are used to assess the risks posed by some of these objects. Some of these objects that orbit in the L4 and L6 points ofJupiterandNeptuneare known as Trojans. The largest and first-discovered example of these objects was predicted to exist by the debunked Bode's [[BOADS]] Law and is named Ceres [[SEE-rees]]. For the point, name these large, rocky masses that orbit thesun in a namesake "belt." | Asteroids (acceptAsteroidbelt; prompt on"minor planet" or "planetoid") |
| This compound formisdividedintodrivinganddrivenvarietiesbasedonwhetherit has the potential to condense out of the atmosphere. This compound form is the most abundant and potent greenhouse gas in Earth's atmosphere. Suddenly exceeding the saturation point of this compound form in the atmosphere can lead to cloudburst precipitation. Concentration of this compound form is measured as humidity.Forthepoint, name this greenhouse gas which condensates to formclouds. | Water Vapor (acceptAqueous vapor; prompton "water"; prompt on "H20"; do not accept or prompt on "Steam") |
| A class of painkillers named for the fact that they do not act on these hormones includes aspirin and ibuprofen. Examples of these hormones include the androgen and estrogen sex hormones. Cholesterol is in a class of precursors for these hormones, which include stress hormones like cortisol. For the point, name these hormones, whoseanabolic variety are illegally used to grow muscle mass. | Steroids (accept Anabolicsteroids; prompton "Corticoids") |
| The kinetic energy of the output of this effect is equal to the work function subtracted from Planck’s constant times frequency. A coil with a spark gap was used to observe this effect by Heinrich Hertz. Robert Millikan verified that this effect's output is related to frequency but not intensity. Albert Einstein's 1921 NobelPrizeinPhysicswasfor his work on this effect. For the point, name this effect inwhichelectronsareemittedunder light. | PhotoelectricEffect |
| Graham’s number uses thisintegerasabaseforahyperoperation,andtherearethis many Frenet-Serret [[freh-NEH-seh-REH]] formulas, which in total concern this many vectors. Apéry’s [[ah-PEH-rees]]constantisthevalueoftheRiemannzetafunctionwiththis integer as an input. The area of a polygon with this many sides can be calculated using Heron’s formula. For the point, what number is thedegree of a cubic polynomial? | Three |
| The bites of these animals spread the malaria-like disease Babesiosis [[bah-bee-see-OH-sis]] tohumans.Onediseasespreadbytheseanimalscanbediagnosedby a bullseye rash. These animals are the primary vector for human infections of Rickettsia rickettsii [[rih-KET-see-uh rih-KET-see-"eye"]], the causative agent of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever. For the point, name these parasitic arachnids, the primary carriers of Lyme disease. | Ticks (orIxodida; accept American dogticks;accept Rocky Mountain Wood Ticks; accept Brown dogticks; accept Black-leggedticks; accept Bearticks; accept Deer ticks; prompt on "arachnids" before mentioned) |
| The citrate of this element can be used to prevent kidney stones and is used as a laxative to prepare for colonoscopies. Calcined dolomite can be used topurifythiselement. This element's sulfate is often used for anti-inflammatory soaks and iscalledepsomsalt.In a flame test, thiselementemitsbrightwhitelight.Forthepoint,namethisalkaliearthmetal with number 12. | Magnesium (acceptMg; acceptMagnesiumcitrate) |
| This man died along with Colonel Vladimir Seryogin [[seh-ree-OH-gin]] while piloting an experimental MiG-15 aircraftnearthetownofNovosyolovo[[no-vo-syo-LO-vo]]. During his most significant mission, this man allegedly said, "I don't see any God up here." The pilot of Vostok I, for the point, whowasthisSovietcosmonaut,thefirsthumantoreach space? | YuriGagarin |
| One of these organisms with both "a" and "alpha" mating types was the first eukaryote [[yoo-KAY-ree-oat]] to have its genome entirely sequenced. These organisms include Candida albicans and members of the genus Saccharomyces [[sah-kah-roh-"MY"-sees]], which can release carbon dioxide and ethanol during fermentation. For the point, name these single-celled fungi used during beer and bread making. | Yeasts (acceptSaccharomycesbefore mentioned;acceptSaccharomyces cerevisiae; prompt on "fungi") |
| In the Earth's atmosphere, the Birkeland currents are carried by these substances. These substances are confined with magnetic fields in a tokamak [[TOH-kah-mak]]. As in electrolyte solutions, the range of a particle's electrostatic effect in this state is givenasthe Debye [[deh-"BYE"]] length. Nuclear fusion is only possible if matter is inthisstate.Forthe point, name this fourth state of matter, a collection of highly energized gas atoms found in stars. | Plasma |
| The presence of a three-body scatter spike on a radar map is indicative of the presence of these objects. These objects maintain a liquid core due to releasing latent heat during formation. These objects begin to form when supercooled water comes into contact with dust nucleation sites. These objects form after repeated passing through updrafts in cumulonimbus cloudsduringseverestorms.Forthepoint,nametheseicyobjectsthatfallas precipitation. | Hailstones |
| This scientist inverted his benefactor's temperature scale to create the modern Celsius system. This scientist's major work popularized a scientific racist theory of classifying humans into four groups based on skin tone and alleged personality. This scientist's Systema Naturae is credited with standardizing binomial nomenclature and modern taxonomy. For the point, name this taxonomist who invented the modern Latin naming convention for organisms. | CarlLinnaeus (or Carl vonLinné; or CarolusLinnæus; prompt on “Linnaean taxonomy” or “Linnaean system”) |
| Exceeding this quantity in a certain medium results in the emission of Cherenkov [[che-REN-kof]] radiation. Particles thatcanhypotheticallyexceedthisquantityinavacuum are known as tachyons [[TAK-ee-ons]]. Mass energy equivalenceisestablishedbyaformula that sets energy equal to mass times this quantity squared. Represented as"c"inEinstein's formula "e equals mc squared," for the point, whatis this rate at which photons move? | Speed of Light (orLightspeed; prompt on "c") |
| Western people may be more susceptible to the Sander type of these phenomena due to living in more regularly-shaped homes. One of these phenomena caused by lateral neural inhibition is named for Ernst Mach [[MOCK]]. Many of these phenomena originate from a confused figure-ground distinction.Theautokineticeffectisoneofthesephenomena that suggests movement. For the point, name these phenomena, which trick the brain into processing visual data incorrectly. | Opticalillusions (accept Visualillusions) |
| This substance is composed of equal parts dichlorophenoxyacetic [["die"-klo-ro-feh-NAHK-see-ah-SEH-tik]] acid and trichlorophenoxyacetic [["try"-klo-ro-feh-NAHK-see-ah-SET-tik]] acid. The first use of this substance occurred during the Malaysian Emergency.Thissubstanceisthebestknownoftheso-calledRainbow Herbicides. For the point, name this defoliant used to clear out forests during the Vietnam War. | Agent orange |
| The most remote portions of this region are primarily covered in hematite [[HEE-mah-"tight"]] rich "red clay." This region is home to formations such as black and white smokers. Cold seeps along this region can result in the formation of brine pools. Organisms that live near this region are collectively known as benthos, which often cluster around hydrothermal vents. For the point, name this rocky region at the bottom of the ocean. | Sea floor (orOcean floor; acceptBedin placeofFloor; acceptBottomin place ofFloorbefore mentioned) |
| This molecule's receptors are activated by a class of hallucinogenic drugs that includes psilocin [["SIGH"-loh-sin]] and LSD. When prepared for gastrointestinal use, this molecule is synthesized and secreted by enterochromaffin [[en-teh-roh-KROH-mah-fin]] cells, which synthesize it from tryptophan [[TRIP-toh-fan]]. Lexapro, Zoloft, and Prozac are name brand examples of this neurotransmitter's selective re-uptake inhibitors. For the point, name this appetite and mood-regulating neurotransmitter. | Serotonin[[seh-roh-TOH-nin]] (accept5-hydroxytryptamine;or5-HT) |
| The transpose of a matrix with this property always equals its inverse. A triangle's circumcenter lies at the intersection of lines named for this property, which is also possessed bytwovectorswhosedotproductequalszero.Twolineswithoppositereciprocal slopes have this relative property. For the point, name thispropertyoflinesthatmeetat90 degree angles. | Perpendicularity (acceptOrthogonality; acceptNormal; acceptOrthonormal; acceptRight anglesor90 degree anglesbefore mentioned;prompt on "bisector" or "bisecting") |
| Along with Echinodermata [[ee-kai-no-der-MAH-tah]] and acorn worms, members of this phylum are deuterostomes [[doo-TEH-roh-stohms]], meaning they have a separate mouth and anus. Members of this phylum possess either pharyngeal [["fair"-en-JEE-ahl]] pouches or pharyngeal slits while in their embryonic state. For the point, namethisanimal phylum named for possessing a namesake cartilage tubeor backbone. | Chordata (orChordates) |
| The Faber-Jackson and Tully-Fisher equations relate the stellar velocity dispersion of these entities to their luminosity, and Hubble’s tuning fork diagram is used to classify theseentities.Inapproximatelyfourbillionyears,twoofthesewillcollide,creatinganentity named "Milkomeda" [["milk"-AH-meh-dah]]. Coming in irregular, spiral, and elliptical varieties, for the point, what are these large collections of dust, dark matter, and stars, of which Andromeda is one? | Galaxy (acceptGalaxies; accept Milkomedagalaxyor Milkdromedagalaxy; accept Andromedagalaxy; accept Irregular, Spiral,or Ellipticalgalaxy) |
| Biospheres located along these systems are classified as crenon, rhithron, and potamon [[poh-TAH-mun]]. Studies of these systems introduced Strahler [[STRAY-ler]] numbers for describing branch order. Riparian [["rye"-"PAIR"-ee-an]] zones form buffer areas around thesesystems.Cuttingoffsectionsofthesebodiesofwaterformsoxbowlakes. For the point, name these bodies of water that flowinto the sea at deltas. | Rivers (accept more narrow synonyms such asStream,Brook,Creek, or Rivulet) |
| The cold molding method of making these objects involves binding thin pieces of wood together with epoxy to produce rigidity. The transom supports of these devices connect to the sterndrive. These devices are divided into inboard and outboard motor varieties based on the placement of their propeller. These devices can be steered by redirecting fluid with a rudder. For the point, name these vehicles, examples of which include canoes. | Boat (orShip; accept MotorBoatbefore "canoe"is mentioned) |
| These entities can be described using only mass, angular momentum, and charge, rendering them “hairless.” An object approaching one of these entities will become increasingly redshifted and eventually stop moving, and the boundary of that occurrence with these objects is known as the event horizon. For the point, name these gravitational singularities from which even light cannot escape. | Black holes |
| During the winter in South Korea, frozen sausages are often used to interact with this technology. Extended use ofthistechnologywithoutrestcanleadtoarepetitivemotion injury commonly known as "gorilla arm." Mobile devices often employ haptics to improve user experience with thistechnology.Pinchesandmulti-fingerswipesarecommongestures used with this technology. For the point, name this technology used to give inputs when using smartphones. | Touch screen (accept descriptive answers involvingscreens which are operated bytouch) |
| A grip-assisting extension of this animal's sesamoid [[SEH-sah-moyd]] bone was used as an example of a spandrel in a Stephen Jay Gould essay titled for this animal's "thumb." Due to their lack of interest in mating in captivity, a method of artificial insemination using liquid nitrogen was developed. For the point, name these black and white bamboo-eating bears from China. | GiantPandas (orAiluropoda melanoleuca; acceptPandabears) |