| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| This ruler attacked Martin Luther's critique of indulgences in the Defense of the Seven Sacraments, which earned this man the title "Defender of the Faith." Robert Aske led the Pilgrimage of Grace against this ruler after he ordered the dissolution of the monasteries. For ten points, identify this monarch who founded the Church of England effectively in order to divorce the first of his six wives. | Henry VIII [[the Eighth]] (prompt on "Henry") |
| A senator from this state delivered the same speech supporting the Genocide Convention Treaty 3,211 times before it was finally passed and gave out the “Golden Fleece” award for wasteful projects. In 2012, a politician from this state became the first governor to survive a recall attempt after opposing state unions. For ten points, name this Midwestern home state of William Proxmire, Scott Walker, and Joseph McCarthy. | Wisconsin (accept WI) |
| This ruler's failed invasion of Java was defeated by Raden Wijaya [[vee-JY-yah]], who founded the Majapahit Empire. Kaidu Khan and Ariq Böke [[ah-REEK BOO-kah]] fought against this ruler, who claimed the mandate of heaven after he conquered the Southern Song Dynasty. Marco Polo worked in the court of, for ten points, what grandson of Genghis Khan who founded the Yuan Dynasty? | Kublai Khan (or Emperor Shizu of Yuan; accept Setsen Khan) |
| This sport was supposedly used to train a branch of the Parthian military. Saladin was an accomplished player of this sport, and Argentinian Adolfo Cambiaso is considered the top modern player in this sport, which combines with basketball to form the game pato. Referred to as "the sport of kings", this is, for ten points, what originally-Iranian game which features four player teams on horseback attempting to score goals? | Polo |
| This man spent the final years of his life under house arrest in Arcetri after a verdict was read by Cardinal Bellarmine. This man supposedly muttered the phrase, "And yet it moves," after his trial, for which he was prosecuted for failing to renounce Copernicus' theory of heliocentrism. The Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems was written by, for ten points, what scientist from Pisa who is considered the "Father of Observational Astronomy"? | Galileo Galilei (accept either underlined portion; or Galileo di Vincenzo Bonaiuti de' Galilei) |
| A cartoon illustrating the repeal of this act shows George Grenville carrying a coffin marked, "born 1765, died 1766." This legislation was enacted to generate revenue for Britain in the aftermath of the costly French and Indian War. The phrase "No Taxation Without Representation" was inspired by, for ten points, what act of British Parliament that required American colonists to pay a tax on all paper documents? | Stamp Act of 1765 |
| Excavations at this site uncovered structures such as the "Room of the Three Windows" and the Intihuatana [[in-tee-wye-TAH-nah]]. While searching for a white rock near Vilcabamba with support from Yale, an explorer found this multi-terraced place, which may have been constructed for emperor Pachacuti [[pah-chah-KOO-tee]]. Hiram Bingham discovered, for ten points, what fortress-city that houses a 15th century Incan citadel? | Machu Picchu |
| This figure was selected as the face of a certain movement over Aurelia Browder, whose case delivered the most prominent legal ruling. This figure worked as a seamstress and as a secretary for the local branch of the NAACP before notably refusing an order by James F. Blake to move to the "colored section." For ten points, name this woman whose refusal to give up her bus seat sparked the Montgomery bus boycott. | Rosa Parks (or Rosa Louise McCauley Parks) |
| John Leverett served as the first non-clergyman president of this institution, which first used the motto "Truth for Christ and the Church." The younger brother of Joseph Warren founded this institution's medical school. Clergyman Increase Mather served as president of this university, which was named for an English minister. For ten points, name this oldest university in the U.S., which was founded on Puritan principles in Massachusetts Bay. | Harvard University |
| Harvard's leadership, including Increase Mather, played a major role in what series of trials that involved "spectral evidence,” which were in part sparked by accusations made by Betty Parris and Abigail Williams? | Salem Witch Trials (prompt on "Witch Trials") |
| The unknown whereabouts of the wife of this group's leader, David Miscavige [[mis- KAH-vij]], was questioned by Leah Remini, who, alongside Mike Rinder, presented a documentary series exposing this group. The process of auditing is practiced by this group, which holds to several beliefs articulated in the book Dianetics. For ten points, name this religious movement, whose most notable members include celebrities such as John Travolta and Tom Cruise? | Church of Scientology |
| The Church of Scientology was founded by what science fiction author who wrote Dianetics: The Modern Science of Mental Health Battlefield Earth? | L. Ron Hubbard (or Lafayette Ronald Hubbard) |
| This artist became the owner of the Beatles catalogue after buying it in 1985. Conrad Murray was responsible for the death of this artist, who died in 2009 less than a month before the start of his This Is It tour. The moonwalk was popularized by, for ten points, what American singer who was dubbed the “King of Pop,” whose songs include Thriller and Billie Jean? | Michael Jackson (or Michael Joseph Jackson; prompt on “Jackson”; prompt on “King of Pop”) |
| Michael Jackson and Lionel Ritchie were the co-writers of this 1985 song that raised over $100 million dollars for the charity USA for Africa. A remake of this song was released following the earthquake disaster that struck Haiti in 2010. | "We Are The World" (accept "We Are The World 25 for Haiti") |
| During this war, Max Desfor won a Pulitzer Prize for photographing people navigating a partially destroyed bridge on the Taedong River. This war included bloody battles at Heartbreak Ridge and Pork Chop Hill. U.N. forces broke out of the Pusan Perimeter during this war after an amphibious assault led by Douglas MacArthur. For ten points, name this conflict, sometimes called the "Forgotten War," that took place on a namesake Asian peninsula. | Korean War (accept Fatherland Liberation War; accept Hanguk Jeonjaeng; prompt on "Forgotten War") |
| An amphibious landing at this South Korean seaport was code-named Operation Chromite and allowed an advance from the Pusan Perimeter to retake Seoul. | Inchon (or Incheon; accept Battle of Inchon; or Incheon Sangnyuk Jakjeon; accept Landing at Inchon) |
| During World War Two, the cruiser ship USS Atlanta was christened by the author of this novel, which was almost titled Tomorrow is Another Day. The film adaptation of this novel won the 1939 Oscar for Best Picture and starred Vivien Leigh and Clark Gable. For ten points, name this sole novel by Margaret Mitchell, which details the Civil War-era struggles of Southern belle Scarlett O'Hara. | Gone with the Wind |
| Gone with the Wind has been cited as one of the main promoters of this pseudohistorical view in popular culture. Proponents of this view argue that the Civil War was not about slavery and often portray Confederates and Klansmen in heroic roles. | Lost Cause of the Confederacy |
| The military of this country overthrew João [[ZHOW]] Goulart in the Coup of 64. A leader of this country, Juscelino Kubitschek, hired Lúcio Costa to build a city in the style of Le Corbusier’s Ville Radieuse. It's not Portugal, but this country underwent a period of repression under the Estado Novo of Getúlio Vargas. For ten points, name this country where Rio de Janeiro was replaced as the capital. | Brazil (accept República Federativa do Brasil) |
| The "Old Republic" of Brazil was dominated by this industry. Alongside dairy, this industry was prominent in a type of politics named for this commodity and milk. | Coffee (accept Coffee with Milk Politics; or Café com leite [[LECH-eh]]) |
| Iona calculated the date of this event at the Synod of Whitby. A rebellion that began shortly after this event included the proclamation of a republic at the General Post Office. James Connolly and Roger Casement participated in an event named for this holiday, which was the culmination of the Home Rule movement. For ten points, give this holiday that names a 1916 rebellion in Ireland, celebrating the resurrection of Christ. | Easter (accept Easter Rising) |
| The Troubles, a period of turmoil in Northern Ireland, was ended by an agreement named for what related Christian holiday specifically commemorating the Crucifixion and death of Jesus Christ? | Good Friday (accept Good Friday Agreement; accept Great Friday; or Holy Friday; or Great and Holy Friday; or Black Friday) |
| Virgil lists an extra example of these entities in the Aeneid that is known by the name Eridanos. One of these entities, composed of smaller examples such as Antenora and Ptolomea, was named Cocytus [[koh-KY-tus]]. One of these mythical features gave Achilles his super strength after his mother Thetis held him by the heel. For ten points, identify these mythical geographic features, such as Lethe and Styx, that flow through the Greek underworld. | Rivers of Hades (accept Rivers of Hell; accept Rivers of the Underworld before "Underworld" is mentioned) |
| One of the rivers of Hades is Phlegethon [[FLEH-guh-thon]], a river identified with this substance. A sacred form of this substance was tended by the Vestal Virgins. | Fire (accept Flames; accept Sacred Fire of Vesta) |
| Eight-block-long street home to the New York Stock Exchange. | Wall Street |
| Type of market with rising prices, named for a notably aggressive animal. | bull market |
| Crime of buying or selling company stocks using privileged information. | Insider Trading |
| Owner of Berkshire Hathaway, which boasts the most expensive stocks in history. | Warren Buffett (or Warren Edward Buffett) |
| “Industrial Average” which serves as an index of 30 prominent companies. | Dow Jones Industrial Average (prompt on partial answer) |
| Stock broker who ran a $65 billion Ponzi scheme, defrauding thousands of clients. | Bernie Madoff (or Bernard Lawrence Madoff) |
| Year in which Christopher Columbus first voyaged to the Americas. | |
| Capital in central Spain where Golden Age art is displayed at the Prado Museum. | Madrid |
| Queen of Castille who married Ferdinand II of Aragon and who sponsored Columbus. | Isabella I (accept Ferdinand and Isabella) |
| "Prudent" king who names a group of islands in Asia and also ruled Portugal in the Iberian Union. | Philip II (prompt on “Philippines”) |
| Artist who depicted Golden Age court life in paintings like Las Meninas. | Diego Velázquez (or Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez) |
| Novelist who satirized Golden Age society in Don Quixote, one of the world's earliest novels. | Miguel de Cervantes (or Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra) |
| Planned capital city designed by Apostolou Doxiadis. | Islamabad |
| Eastern nation that broke away from Pakistan in 1971. | Bangladesh (or People's Republic of Bangladesh; or Gônoprojatontrī Bangladesh) |
| Major river of Pakistan that hosted a namesake “River Valley Civilization” in ancient times. | Indus River (accept Indus River Valley Civilization) |
| Term for the government of British direct crown rule in Pakistan and India. | British Raj |
| "Father of the Nation" and leader of the Muslim League that called for the creation of a separate Muslim state from India. | Muhammad Ali Jinnah (or Mahomedali Jinnahbhai) |
| Largest Pashtun-majority city in Pakistan, near the Khyber Pass on the border with Afghanistan. | Peshawar |
| This man nicknamed his personal aide George S. Patton “Bandito” on one excursion. This military leader became the only person promoted to (+) “General of the Armies” while still alive after leading American troops into the Argonne Forest during the Hundred Days Offensive. This man, nicknamed "Black Jack" (*) for his time with the Buffalo soldiers, pursued Pancho Villa [[VEE-yah]] after the Raid on Columbus. For ten points, name this commander of U.S. forces during World War One. | John J. Pershing (or John Joseph "Black Jack" Pershing) |
| Although this achievement did not have an official trophy until 1950, one portion of this series began in 1857 in New York. Gallant Fox (+) and Omaha are the only father-son duo to accomplish this feat. In 2018, Justify accomplished this achievement, and is the only currently living winner alongside American (*) Pharoah. For ten points, what horse racing achievement consists of winning the Belmont Stakes, Preakness Stakes, and Kentucky Derby? | The Triple Crown |
| Johan Printz led a group of settlers from this country who arrived in Pennsylvania and formed a namesake colony on the Delaware River. This country was America's primary ally during the Barbary Wars, (+) and Peter Stuyvesant [[STY- veh-sent]] captured a fort belonging to settlers from this country. (*) For ten points, identify this Nordic country whose immigrants established their first American settlement at Fort Christina. | Kingdom of Sweden (or Konungariket Sverige; accept New Sweden) |
| In a performance of this play for James I, actor Hal Berridge became ill and died. In 1988, a singer fell to his death during a performance of Verdi’s operatic version of this play. The Astor Place Riot, (+) which led to the deaths of 25 actors, occurred during performances of this play, purportedly doomed because of the chants of the three witches. (*) For ten points, what Shakespeare play sees the deaths of Banquo, King Duncan, and the title Scottish thane and his wife? | Macbeth (or The Tragedie of Macbeth) |
| This woman wrote and illustrated the picture book One Special Summer. This woman took an internship at Vogue, but was told by her editor that a woman of her age should be married. (+) This woman married a Massachusetts senator who served on the naval vessel PT-109 and later won the White House by defeating Richard Nixon. (*) For ten points, identify this first lady of John F. Kennedy. | Jackie Kennedy (or Jacqueline Lee Kennedy Onassis; or Jacqueline Lee Bouvier; prompt on "Kennedy") |
| Robert Haslam was shot in the jaw and lost three teeth while accomplishing the best-known feat of this company. Buffalo Bill Cody was hired by this company to build corrals and (+) waystations, and this company was sold to Wells Fargo and made obsolete by the transcontinental telegraph. Operating only between 1860 and 1861, (*) for ten points, what company delivered mail across the United States on horseback? | The Pony Express |
| Event and Location required. This competition in this year was the first of its type to be televised and saw the first relay of its iconic torch. One leader declined to congratulate participants in this competition to avoid greeting (+) non-Aryans like Jesse Owens. Adolph Hitler oversaw ceremonies during this competition. (*) For ten points, name this summer set of International Games that took place in Germany, shortly before World War Two. | Summer Olympics in Berlin (prompt on “1936 Summer Olympics”) |
| BP Koirala led a 1951 revolution in this country which ended its Rana dynasty. Nine members of this country's royal family were killed in a shooting by Crown Prince (+) Dipendra in 2001. This country was unified under the Gorkha kingdom, which successfully prevented this country from becoming part of the British Empire. (*) For ten points, name this Himalayan country that abolished its monarchy in 2008, and is known for its Sherpa ethnic group. | Nepal (or Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal) |
| This man forcibly assimilated the Buthalezi tribe during a period of unrest known as the Mfecane [[mah-feh-KAH-neh]]. This man ordered no crops to be planted for a year after his mother, Nandi, (+) died, leading to his assassination by his half- brother, Dingane [[dihn-GAH-neh]]. The "Buffalo Horns" formation was innovated by this general, who used his impi (*) regiment to surround his opponents. For ten points, name this Zulu conqueror. | Shaka Zulu (or Shaka kaSenzangakhona) |
| Which force of traditionally-armed honor guards defends the Pope from harm? | Pontifical Swiss Guard (or Papal Swiss Guard; accept Cohors Helvetica) |