| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Either directly before or after this battle, the losing side sent a fleet around Cape Sounion to attack an unguarded city. An epitaph for soldiers who died at this battle noted how they “laid low the army of the gilded (+) Medes [meedz].” Soldiers killed at this battle included the brother of the playwright Aeschylus [esk-uh-luss], the archon (*) Callimachus, and hundreds of invaders who drowned trying to retreat through a swamp. For the points, name this 490 BC battle in which Darius’ Persian invasion was turned back by Greek forces, after which an Athenian ran 26 miles to inform the city. | Battle of Marathon |
| This man’s A Vindication of Natural Society was such a good parody of Lord Bolingbroke that critics confused the work for an original piece. Immanuel Kant’s Critique of Judgment criticized this man’s youthful delineation of the (+) sublime and the beautiful. This philosopher opposed dedication to abstract principles, and was attacked for this belief by Thomas (*) Paine in The Rights of Man. Advocacy of gradual change is among the principles elucidated by this author in his Reflections on the Revolution in France. For the points, name this Irish-born philosopher who is often considered the father of conservatism. | Edmund Burke |
| A primary account of this event was provided by doctor David Hosack. In the aftermath of this event, one participant went to the house of his friend, William Bayard, and another participant traveled to Washington to preside over the (+) impeachment of Samuel Chase. The cause of this event stemmed from remarks in a letter sent by Charles Cooper to (*) Philip Schuyler. Nathaniel Pendleton and William P. Van Ness were the seconds in, for the points, what 1804 event that took place in Weehawken, New Jersey and resulted in the death of the first U.S. Secretary of the Treasury? | the duel between Aaron Burr and Alexander Hamilton (accept descriptions that mention the three underlined portions; prompt on partial answers) |
| This philosophy was developed in works like The Battle for One Destiny by Michel Aflaq, a man whose 1966 exile caused a schism in this ideology’s main political party. Debates over the benefits of socialism within this ideology were led by (+) Wahib al-Ghanim, who later led a coup d’etat that ended the United Arab Republic. After 1968, this ideology inspired the separate (*) political parties of the al-Assad and Hussein dictatorships. For the points, name this nationalist, pan-Arabic ideology that inspired politics in Syria and Iraq. | Ba’athism (accept word forms; accept descriptions of Ba’ath party or parties) |
| During this man’s service in Panama, he was mentored by Fox Conner, whom he considered “the ablest man [he] ever knew.” This man prophetically stated that the Vietnam War would “absorb our troops by divisions,” and he alluded to (+) William Jennings Bryan in his “Chance for Peace” speech. This man authorized CIA operations in (*) Guatemala and Iran, and promised to help any Middle Eastern nation feeling threatened by another power in his namesake doctrine. For the points, name this 34th President who commanded the Allied forces in Europe during World War II. | Dwight D. Eisenhower |
| This man agreed to become a vassal of Sartaq Khan to save his people from devastation. This man was appointed military commander by a veche and defeated a Swedish invasion on the (+) Izhora River. He became Prince of Vladimir after his brother attempted to assert independence from the Golden Horde. This man fought on the (*) frozen Lake Peipus against the Teutonic Order in the Battle of the Ice, successfully defending the Republic of Novgorod from the Northern Crusade. For the points, name this legendary Grand Prince of the Kievan Rus. | Alexander Nevsky |
| In this city, a forerunner of the Miss Universe competition called the “International Pageant of Pulchritude” developed during its roaring-Twenties “Open Era.” Jacob Schiff led a plan named for this city to settle Jews in the American (+) South rather than the Eastern Seaboard. Passengers traveling on a train from Beaumont to this city were inundated by a fifteen foot (*) storm surge in 1900; in that year, approximately ten thousand people were killed near this city when it was struck by a category four hurricane. For the points, name this Texas city found on a namesake island fifty miles south of Houston. | Galveston |
| This organization drew much of its membership from the Southern and Eastern Associations. William Waller suggested the creation of this organization to the Committee of Both (+) Kingdoms. This organization was the source of the Coldstream Guards and the Blues and Royals, and certain people were not allowed to join it according to the Self-Denying (*) Ordinance. This force, led by Sir Thomas Fairfax, fought against the Cavaliers of Charles I. For the points, name this fighting force organized by Parliament to fight in the English Civil War. | New Model Army (prompt on answers describing an English army; prompt on the Parliamentarian Army) |
| This man built a round mausoleum based on Etruscan tombs in the Campus Martius and built a temple to Mars the Avenger in his namesake (+) forum. One depiction of this man known as the Via Labicana shows him wearing a veil as Pontifex Maximus. Another depiction of this man (*) rests his bare right foot next to Cupid riding a dolphin, indicating his divine heritage; that statue shows this man wearing a cuirass engraved with a cosmic scene of the return of standards from Parthia, and was found at Livia’s villa in Primaporta. For the points, name this first Roman emperor. | Augustus Caesar (or Octavian or Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus) |
| This country was targeted by Operation Combat Fox after it captured commander Lloyd Bucher, who claimed that his lewd gestures were “Hawaiian good luck signs” while he was photographed for propaganda. During the (+) 21 January Incident, this country deployed Unit 124 in an attempt to attack a presidential Blue (*) House; three days later, this country’s forces seized the Pueblo off the coast of Ryo Island. For the points, name this Asian nation that, in the aforementioned Blue House Raid, crossed the DMZ into its southern neighbor’s territory. | North Korea (or the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea or DPRK; prompt on Korea; do not accept or prompt on Republic of Korea) |
| One city in this state was home to a railroad that built the first double-track main line in America and is the seat of Berks County. In this state, a city’s Dickson Locmotive Works is part of the (+) Steamtown National Historic Site. A 1962 mine fire forced the abandonment of Centralia in this state’s (*) Coal Region. This state’s namesake railroad built the Horseshoe Curve near Altoona as well as a station that was modeled after the Baths of Caracalla and demolished in 1963. Reading and Scranton are found in, for the points, what state where transportation bills are debated in Harrisburg? | Pennsylvania |
| A poem by this author ends with the image of “The cataract of Death far thundering from the heights.” The main character of a poem by this writer seems to hear the night wind (+) whispering “all is well;” that poem by this man describes the passage of time with the lines “It was twelve (*) by the village clock,” “It was one by the village clock,” and “It was two by the village clock.” For the points, name this author of “Mezzo Cammin” who popularized the line “One if by land, and two if by sea” in his poem “Paul Revere’s Ride.” | Henry Wadsworth Longfellow |
| This colony achieved a degree of autonomy from the British Empire under governor John Molteno. The Meermin was bound for this colony when a slave mutiny occurred. The British seized this colony following battles at (+) Muizenberg and Blaauwberg, and thousands of Dutch later fled this colony in the (*) Great Trek. The British planned, but did not complete, a railroad connecting Cairo to this colony. For the points, name this colony that gave its name to the coastal city that houses the South African parliament. | Cape Colony (accept the Cape of Good Hope; accept Cape Town) |
| In this country, former French General Paul Aussaresses advised a government on the use of torture against opponents. Ernesto Geisel repealed this country’s implementation of AI-5, which had granted virtually unlimited power. In this country, a dictatorship came into power when (+) Olimpio Mourao Filho and Artur da Costa e Silva led a coup against President Jo˜ao Goulart. That dictatorship ruled from 1964 to 1985, during which time this country’s former President, (*) Juscelino Kubitschek, went into exile. Trancredo Neves and Jos´e Sarney returned power to civilians in, for the points, what South American country that had previously been dictatorial in the Estado Novo regime of Getulio Vargas? | Brazil |
| After whiskey was smuggled into this location, the Eggnog Riots took place on Christmas Day. Samuel Holden Parsons took this location in 1778, and James Clinton ordered the building of a fort later named for him here. This longest (+) continuously occupied American base contains Fort Putnam and was established by Tadeusz Kosciuszko [tah-da-OOSH ko-SHOOS-koh] because of its position on the (*) Hudson River. The United States Corps of Cadets is trained at this location, which was almost turned over to the British by Benedict Arnold. For the points, name this home of the US Military Academy. | West Point |
| In his youth, this scientist was mentored by a Quaker named Robert Dunkin. Michael Faraday sent this scientist a 300-page-long book of notes he had taken at his lectures, and was eventually hired as this scientist’s assistant after this man (+) damaged his eyesight. This chemist demonstrated that a substance discovered by Carl Scheele did not in fact contain oxygen, and named it (*) chlorine. In response to the flammability of coal mines, this man invented a safety lamp protected by a mesh screen. For the points, name this British developer of electrochemistry and discoverer of potassium and sodium. | Sir Humphry Davy |
| Description acceptable. The eventual victor of these wars was almost annihilated after a surprise attack by Li Mu at the Battle of Fei. In one battle in these wars, Zhao Kuo was killed by enemy archers in a desperate breakout charge, after which (+) Bai Qi ordered the burying alive of hundreds of thousands of soldiers; that was the Battle of Changping. A leader of a state conquered during these wars, Prince (*) Dan, sent the assassin Jingke to try to kill the leader of the winning side in these wars. After claiming victory in these wars, Ying Zheng changed his name. For the points, name these wars in which six other states were defeated by a man who then formed the first dynasty of Imperial China. | Qin Shi Huangdi’s wars of unification (accept any answer that mentions Qin’s conquest of other states, or Qin unifying China; prompt on partial answers, including descriptions of “unifications of China” or of “wars against any or all of Han, Zhao, Yan, Wei, Chu and/or Qi”; do not accept Warring States Period) |
| An Anabaptist book titled either The Bloody Theater or the Mirror of these people was the largest book printed in pre-Revolutionary War America. Another text about these people was published in 1563 and was originally titled (+) Actes and Monuments; that book, which was written by John Foxe, had sections titled for figures like William (*) Tyndale and John Wycliffe. The first of these people in Christianity is thought to have been Saint Stephen, who was stoned to death. For the points, name these people killed for their belief in Jesus. | Christian martyrs (accept Martyrs Mirror; accept Foxe’s Book of Martyrs) |
| This location was named for a breakaway Native American tribe by Lafayete Bunnell of the Mariposa Battalion. One landwark within this park can be ascended by the Salath´e Wall or The Nose. In 1881, a tunnel was cut through this park’s (+) Wawona Tree. The Raker Act permitted the construction of the O’Shaughnessy Dam within this park, which flooded the Hetch Hetchy Valley. (*) Half Dome and El Capitan are also found in this park, which was a frequent subject of Ansel Adams’ photographs. John Muir fought to preserve, for the points, what national park in the Sierra Nevadas of California? | Yosemite National Park |
| This politician was forced to appoint his rival, Jonas Lie, as head of the police force, and his cabinet was replaced by an Administrative Council under the orders of Curt Br¨auer. Josef Terboven forced this man’s cabinet to elect this man (+) Minister President in 1942, two years after this man tried to announce a coup d’etat over the radio. He was executed at (*) Akershus in October 1945. For the points, name this leader of the Nasjonal Samling party, a fascist dictator during World War II whose name has become a Norwegian synonym for traitor. | Vidkun Quisling |
| A man who committed a crime during this event became the only client of Clarence Darrow ever to receive the death penalty. Carter Harrison was assassinated by Eugene (+) Prendergast near the end of this event. A 2003 book by Erik Larson chronicles this event, during which (*) H.H. Holmes occupied a building dubbed the “Castle” and serially murdered several women. The first Ferris Wheel, an illuminated pyramid, and the White City were built for, for the points, what global exhibition held in Chicago? | World’s Columbian Exposition (or the 1893 World’s Fair; prompt on World’s Fair; promptonChicagoWorld’sFair,acceptinganswersthatdifferentiateitfromthe1933ChicagoWorld’sFair) |
| This country’s troops were aided by a swarm of angry bees in thwarting an attack by Arthur Aitken at the Battle of Tanga. Kinjikitile Ngwale [kin-jee-kit-ee-lay n-WAH-lay] convinced the Matumbi tribe that the bullets of soldiers from this country would (+) turn to water during the Maji Maji rebellion. After this country was victorious at the Battle of Waterberg, (*) Lothar von Trotha infamously marched the Herero people into the Kalahari desert, where they died of dehydration in this country’s colony of Southwest Africa. For the points, name this European country that possessed the Caprivi Strip in modern-day Namibia. | Germany |
| Insults aimed at inhabitants of this region led to protests against the military known as the Zabern Affair, which caused the resignation of Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg. Men from this region conscripted into the (+) German Army became known as malgr´e-nous. “Revanchism” was termed due to French desire to (*) take back this region. A brief republic was declared in this region following its transfer after World War I by the Soviet of Strasbourg. For the points, name this region named for two French provinces on the Rhine, annexed by Germany after the Franco-Prussian War. | Alsace-Lorraine (or Alsace-Moselle; prompt on partial answers) |
| In this country, the communist People’s Vanguard Party was led during a civil war by Manuel Mora. The largest successful action of the Caribbean Legion was accomplishing the overthrow of a government in this country. This country endured a (+) brief civil war in 1948 in which Jose Figueres captured the city of Cartago. In the second half of the 20th century, this country experienced a lengthy (*) peaceful, democratic period during which it had no standing army. For the points, name this progressive Central American country that was once a candidate location for the Panama Canal. | Costa Rica |
| The third movement of this composer’s Five Pieces for Orchestra passes the notes of a chord around the instruments of the orchestra, a technique he later called “Klangfarbenmelodie.” [klang-far-benn-melody] A narrator depicts a scene from the title (+) ghetto in a work by this composer that ends with the chorus singing the Shema Yisroel. He also wrote a song cycle based on Albert Giraud poems that uses (*) sprechstimme [spresh-shtimmah], and he fled Nazi Germany after developing a technique that uses chromatic tone rows. For the points, name this composer of A Survivor from Warsaw and Pierrot Lunaire who developed the twelve-tone method of composition. | Arnold Schoenberg |
| The first holder of this position was the father-in-law of William Tecumseh Sherman. Another holder of this post, fearing substance abuse, banned Independence Day concerts held by The Grassroots and The Beach Boys at the (+) National Mall; that man was the controversial James Watt. Thomas Ewing first held this post, which was notoriously held by a man who collaborated with (*) Edwin Denby in leasing out Navy oil reserves to private businesses. For the points, name this post held by Albert Fall during the Teapot Dome scandal, a Cabinet secretary responsible for conserving federal land. | Secretary of the Interior (prompt on Interior alone) |
| Nostradamus’ prophecies influenced a book by this religion’s founder titled Declaring Myself the Christ. A group that broke off from this religion in 2007 is known as the Circle of Light. Its members once (+) attacked a courthouse when targeting three judges predicted to rule against them in a real estate dispute. That attack occurred nine months before a (*) 1995 attack on locations like the Chiyoda and Hibiya lines that left twelve dead. For the points, name this religious cult, now known as “Aleph,” that used sarin gas to conduct the Tokyo subway attacks. | Aum Shinrikyo (accept Aleph before mentioned) |
| A document designed to do this function was created in the Decretem Glasianum, which was later replaced by the Tridentine Index. Voltaire idolized England for its comparative lack of this function, which in France was liberally overseen by (+) Lamoignon de Malesherbes. Amsterdam and Geneva became major distributing centers of objects subject to this action. The (*) Catholic Church performed this action on objects on the Index Librorum Prohibitum, consisting mostly of immoral or heretical material. For the points, name this suppression of speech, usually done by banning books. | censorship (accept word forms and elaborations, such as censoring books or banning books; prompt on descriptions of suppressing speech that don’t describe bans of written or published material) |
| The unifier of this country founded the Cheri Monastery and had a title meaning “At Whose Feet One Submits.” Governors known as penlops ruled districts in this country, whose troops were expelled from Cooch Behar by the British. (+) Ladakh allied with this country in the Tibet-Ladakh-Mughal War of the 1600s. The “Red Hat,” or Drukpa, school of Buddhism is prominent in this country, which is ruled by (*) “Dragon Kings.” The measure of “gross national happiness” was developed by, for the points, what country, ruled by the Wangchuk Dynasty, found northwest of India with capital at Thimphu? | Kingdom of Bhutan (accept druk gyal khap; accept druk yul) |
| This party requires its candidates to not have any criminal records; its founder was found guilty of manslaughter in 1980, so he cannot run for office. To encourage direct democracy, this party launched the “Rousseau” (+) web app for discussion and votes on policy. This party led the “No” movement against a 2016 constitutional referendum that would have reformed the Senate and Chamber of Deputies, leading to (*) Matteo Renzi’s resignation. Virginia Raggi, the mayor of Rome, is a member of, for the points, what Italian populist party that was founded by former comedian Beppe Grillo? | Five Star Movement (or Movimento 5 Stelle or M5S) |
| In 1920, American Olympic athletes taught this university’s legendary chant to King Albert of Belgium. In 2010, David Booth won an auction for the original handwritten rules of basketball, which he then donated to this university. As a player, (+) Dean Smith won the 1952 NCAA basketball championship with this university under Phog Allen, who succeeded this school’s only losing basketball coach, James Naismith. This team defeated the (*) Derrick Rose-led Memphis Tigers for the 2008 title under coach Bill Self. The “Rock Chalk” chant is performed by fans of, for the points, what Big 12 University whose Jayhawks play in Lawrence in the American midwest? | University of Kansas |
| This man launched the Agroville program to relocate rural citizens to urban centers. The US State Department issued Cable 243, greenlighting the way for an army coup against this man, though he had earlier worked with the US in the (+) Strategic Hamlet Program. His tenure was guided by the “Third Force” of “personalism,” the ideology behind his Can Lao party. Ambassador Henry (*) Cabot Lodge turned on this man after he ordered a raid on Xa Loi [sha loy] Pagoda. Thich Quang Duc [tih kwang dook] self-immolated during large-scale Buddhist protests against, for the points, what first president of the Republic of Vietnam who was assassinated in 1963? | Ngo Dinh Diem (or Ngo Dinh Diem) |
| William Loughton Smith used a section of a book titled for this state to argue for the building of the original six frigates. A book about this state was a response to a questionnaire sent out by Fran¸cois (+) Barb´e-Marbois; that book, consisting of 23 chapters called “Queries,” was written in response to the Comte du Buffon’s claim that life in America was (*) degenerate. A man from this state wrote A Manual of Parliamentary Practice, which was based on material he learned at its College of William and Mary. For the points, name this state of which a series of “Notes” were written by Thomas Jefferson. | Commonwealth of Virginia |
| This island’s short-lived constitution was the first in Europe to implement women’s suffrage. Jean-Jacques Rousseau claimed that this island would astonish Europe in his (+) Constitutional Project for this island, which briefly was in a personal union with Britain during the French Revolution. This island lost its independence after the Battle of Ponte Novu, which destroyed a republic declared by (*) Pasquale Paoli, who fought for this island’s independence from Genoa. Napoleon’s family dropped the “u” from Buonaparte after the French conquered, for the points, what island, located north of Sardinia? | Corsica |
| The narrator of a story from this collection contemplates jumping out of a boat while fishing with Elroy Berdahl, with whom he stays at the Tip Top Lodge. The narrator of the final story in this collection tells of the death of his childhood crush, (+) Linda, from a brain tumor at a young age. In this collection’s story “In the (*) Field,” Jimmy Cross leads a mission in which Kiowa is killed and his body sinks into the mud. For the points, name this collection by Tim O’Brien set during the Vietnam War. | The Things They Carried |
| This territory passed to Burgundian control after the marriage of Margaret of Dampierre to Philip the Bold. Alongside with neighboring Brabant and Hainaut, this region forced (+) Mary of Burgundy to sign the Great Privilege. It asserted its independence from France by winning the Battle of the Golden (*) Spurs. This region, a commercial center during the Renaissance, was the target of the Spanish Fury, which was a sack of Antwerp during the Eighty Years War. For the points, name this Dutch-speaking region of modern Belgium. | Flanders (prompt on Belgium before mentioned) |
| This man was the only survivor, as a slave from Illinois and two other men drowned, when this explorer’s canoe capsized near the St. Louis Rapids. This man built a fort on Anticosti Island, which (+) Louis XIV [14] granted him in 1680; that occurred seven years after this explorer departed from St. Ignace, Michigan with a (*) Jesuit missionary on a trip intended to document unsettled areas of North America. For the points, name this French-Canadian explorer who traversed the Mississippi River with Jacques Marquette. | Louis Jolliet |
| Jos´e Barrionuevo was imprisoned for his activities in this region. Families of those imprisoned from this region founded an activist group called Etxerat [etch-er-at]. Banned political parties from this region include (+) Batasuna and Askatasuna. The GAL, an illegal paramilitary group founded by the government of F´elipe Gonzalez, once operated in this region to fight the (*) ETA, a terrorist group that promoted this region’s separation. Bilbao is the largest city in, for the points, what highly nationalistic region of northern Spain? | Basque Country |
| Hans Egede became known as the “Apostle of” this place after converting many of its inhabitants to Christianity and establishing its capital. Jonathan Motzfeldt was the first prime minister of this place. A ship named Sunshine failed to circumnavigate in 1586; the captain of that ship, John (+) Davis, names a strait to the southwest of this island. Henrik Kauffman signed a 1941 treaty with the United States paving the way for the establishment of (*) Thule Airbase on this island. For the points, name this largest island in the world, a constituent country of Denmark. | Greenland (accept Kalaallit Nunaat) |