| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| During one of these campaigns, a king died with his son John Tristan, who had been born in Damietta during a different one of these campaigns. The leader of one of these campaigns, Simon de Montfort, was killed while besieging Toulouse. The Albigensian one of these conflicts defeated the Cathars in the south of France, and Louis IX was canonized for his efforts in the seventh and eighth ones of these against Egypt and Tunisia. For ten points, name these conflicts, called by the Pope, that targeted religious enemies. | crusades |
| One composer from this modern-day country wrote a tone poem depicting its castle of Vysehrad [vish-eh-rahd] and another piece inspired by the St. John’s Rapids. This nation is depicted in the six-part cycle Ma vlast, whose best-known portion depicts the Vltava River, or Moldau. Bedrich Smetana and Antonin Dvorak [duh-VORE-zhok] are from, for ten points, what modern-day country whose capital is Prague? | Czech Republic (or Czechia) |
| This man was appointed to a command after the death of his superior, Frederick Funston. He put down the Moro Rebellion and introduced a boot for use in trenches. This general led an expedition to capture Pancho Villa and, on arrival in another war, declared that “Lafayette, we are here” before fighting in the Hundred Days offensive. For ten points, name this General of the Armies who commanded U.S. forces during World War I and was nicknamed “Black Jack.” | John “Black Jack” Pershing |
| A player who won a Super Bowl for this team started his career under a 43-year, $40 million contract with the USFL. That man replaced a quarterback on this team who threw “The Catch” to Dwight Clark in the 1982 NFC Championship Game. During the 2016 preseason, this team’s backup quarterback refused to stand for the national anthem, beginning a national protest movement. For ten points, name this NFL team whose quarterbacks have included Steve Young, Joe Montana, and Colin Kaepernick. | San Francisco 49ers (accept either or both) |
| This man called the Turnip Day session and attacked the “do-nothing” Eightieth Congress for failing to pass legislation. The Conservative Coalition opposed this architect of a “Fair Deal,” whose veto of the Taft-Hartley Act was overridden by Congress. This President negotiated at the Potsdam Conference after he replaced his late predecessor. “The buck stopped” at the desk of, for ten points, what U.S. President who oversaw the end of World War II? | Harry S. Truman |
| This man’s wife, Katharina von Bora, was forced to evacuate the Black Cloister during the Schmalkaldic War. This man received the protection of Frederick III of Saxony and debated Zwingli in the Marburg Colloquy. This critic of Johann Tetzel was excommunicated at the Diet of Worms after protesting the sale of indulgences on the door of Wittenberg Cathedral. For ten points, name this German monk whose Ninety-Five Theses started the Protestant Reformation. | Martin Luther |
| The over-creation of these parts of speech through the use of derivational morphology creates their “zombie” type. Socrates defined these parts of speech as “onoma” in the Cratylus. Classifiers on these types of speech are found in Chinese and Turkish to add quantifiers. Articles are sometimes placed before these parts of speech in English in order to start a type of “phrase” contrasted with verb phrases. For ten points, name this part of speech, often defined as including persons, places, things, or ideas. | nouns |
| This state claims Machias Seal Island, and the oldest national park east of the Mississippi is on its Mount Desert Island. Its Baxter State Park is home to Mount Kathadin, and it is home to Acadia National Park. Part of its northern border was set at the St. John’s River by the Webster-Ashburton Treaty, which settled the Aroostook War. The Appalachian Trail’s northern end is in, for ten points, what U.S. state that was originally part of Massachusetts in the north of New England? | Maine |
| This man killed the Sheriff of Lanark, William Heselrig, at Lanark. Blind Harry chronicled the life of this man, an ally of Andrew Moray. John de Menteith captured this man, who was hung, drawn, and quartered in 1305. This subject of John Balliol was defeated at Falkirk, inspiring Robert the Bruce to take up his cause. For ten points, name this opponent of Edward Longshanks and winner at the Battle of Stirling Bridge, a hero of Scottish independence. | William Wallace |
| This rebellion was inspired by the pamphlet “Good Words for Exhorting the Age” and originated among the Hakka people. The Ever Victorious Army was essential in putting down this rebellion under the leadership of General Gordon, who gained a nickname from that campaign. This rebellion’s leader, a man who claimed to be the younger brother of Jesus, was found dead in his palace in Nanjing. For ten points, name this 19th century rebellion, led by Hong Xiuquan, that tried to establish a Heavenly Kingdom in China. | Taiping Rebellion (accept synonyms, like uprising or civil war) |
| Vladimir Putin said he did not mean to scare this leader after he brought his pet labrador to a meeting in 2007. The term “GroKo” was coined to describe this leader’s most recent coalition with the SPD. This leader’s country received a record breaking 1.1 million asylum seekers in 2015. Wolfgang Schauble serves as Finance Minister under this leader, who often makes the “triangle of power” hand gesture. For ten points, name this current Chancellor of Germany, often cited as the world’s most powerful woman? | Angela Merkel |
| Schauble and Merkel are members of this center-right German political party, a long-time rival of the SDP. | Christian Democratic Union (or CDU) |
| This founder of the Keystone Bridge company began his career as a telegraph operator. He hired the Pinkertons to put down the Homestead Strike and pioneered the idea of vertical integration, in which he owned the entire supply chain. The Gospel of Wealth was written by, for ten points, what corporate titan whose company became U.S. Steel in 1901 and whose wealth sponsored a music hall in New York City? | Andrew Carnegie |
| This financier bought Carnegie Steel for $480 million to create U.S. Steel. This banker’s money bailed out the United States during the Panic of 1907. | John Pierpont Morgan |
| An insurrection in this state was fought by the Milice. This state was the site of the Drancy concentration camp. Its territory was known as a “free zone,” and it adopted the slogan “Work, Family, Fatherland.” Prime Minister Pierre Laval led this state, which was able to scuttle its fleet in Toulon Harbor to prevent their re-occupiers from seizing the ships. For ten points, name this puppet government that ruled part of France alongside Nazi Germany during World War II. | Vichy [vee-shee] France (accept French State; accept equivalent answers that mention Vichy; do not accept or prompt on France) |
| Vichy France’s president was this World War I hero who led French forces at Verdun. | (Henri-)Philippe Petain |
| One character in this novel is lured into a gambling debt by the doctor Dolokhov, while another character falls in love with Anatole after meeting him and his sister H´el`ene at the opera. In this novel, Prince Andrei Bolkonsky fights in the battle of Austerlitz and Waterloo. The epilogue of this novel begins with the wedding of Nastasha Rostova and Pierre Bezukhov, the latter of whom develops a desire to kill Napoleon after watching the Battle of Borodino. For ten points, name this notoriously long novel by Leo Tolstoy. | War and Peace (or Voyna i Mir) |
| Tolstoy’s second epilogue to War and Peace attacks this outdated approach to history, a theory that claims only the “heroes” impact history. Tolstoy notes that, as in the book, the thousands of common people create history. | Great Man theory |
| This man succeeded Isaac Barrow and served 33 years as Lucasian Professor of Mathematics in Cambridge. His treatise Opticks introduced the corpuscular theory of light. This physicist laid the framework for classical mechanics in his three-volume Principia Mathematica, and he feuded with Gottfried Leibniz over credit for the invention of calculus. For ten points, name this British physicist and mathematician who devised three laws of motion. | Sir Isaac Newton |
| In possible reference to the short stature of his rival, Robert Hooke, Newton claimed that if he had “seen further,” it was by standing on this metaphorical concept. | (the) shoulders of giants |
| This empire was divided into themes, which each supplied a portion of troops, until they were supplemented by the tagmata system. The Latin Empire occupied the lands of this empire until the Palaiologos dynasty reclaimed the land. The Fourth Crusade ended in the sacking of this empire, whose Ecumenical Patriarch served as religious head of this country’s Orthodox faith. For ten points, name this successor state of the Roman Empire that was based in Constantinople until 1453. | Byzantine Empire (accept Eastern Roman Empire, prompt on Roman Empire until mention) |
| The Byzantine Empire’s navy used this incendiary weapon. Its recipe is lost, but it was notable for being able to burn on water. | Greek fire |
| As Governor, this man ended Gabriel Prosser’s slave rebellion. This man’s support of the American Colonization Society was rewarded when a newly founded African country named its capital after him. This man received all but one electoral vote in one election and promoted a foreign policy that opposed European colonial efforts in the Western Hemisphere. For ten points, name this fifth president of the United States, the successor of James Madison and namesake of an important doctrine. | James Monroe |
| Monroe’s presidency, which included a Great Goodwill Tour and an unopposed re-election campaign, is often described as this optimistic “Era.” | Era of Good Feelings |
| This government was advised by the Roju and used red seal ships for trade. Only the nanban were allowed by this government to enter its country, as per Sakoku law, which banned foreign influence. This period began when a leader defeated forces loyal to Toyotomi Hideyoshi at the Battle of Sekigahara, and ended when Matthew Perry’s black ships arrived. Ieyasu founded, for ten points, which Japanese shogunate that was ended by the 1868 Meiji restoration? | Tokugawa shogunate (accept Edo period) |
| Tokugawa put an end to the period of sengoku jidai, a period of warring states in Japan. The process of unification began with this leader, who overthrew the Ashikaga before dying at Honnoji. | Oda Nobunaga |
| Industry that was dominated by robber barons Jay Gould, Cornelius Vanderbilt and which replaced wagon trains for travel west. | railroad industry (accept any description of trains or equivalents) |
| American author who coined the term “Gilded Age” and created Tom Sawyer. | Mark Twain (or Samuel Longhorn Clemens) |
| Preceding period of national repair and re-incorporation of the South following the Civil War. | Reconstruction |
| Style of capitalism, from the French for “let them do,” favored by anti-regulation Bourbon Democrats. | Laissez-faire |
| Type of chaotic financial crisis suffered in 1873 and 1893. | Panics |
| Term for Republicans who favored civil service reform, leading the Stalwarts to call them “only half Republican.” | Half-Breeds |
| Ohio Democrat who sponsored and names an 1883 Civil Service Reform Act. | George Pendleton (accept Pendleton Act, Bill, or Law) |
| Term for Republicans who jumped ship and supported Grover Cleveland in 1884. | mugwumps |
| Former largest socialist country in Europe, which collapsed into Russia and other countries in 1991. | Soviet Union (or USSR or Union of Soviet Socialist Republics; accept CCCP or Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik) |
| Colorfully named political movement that, in numerous countries, is a left-leaning political party that seeks environmental reform and peace? | Green parties |
| Faction of communists in Russia that split from the Mensheviks in 1903. | Bolsheviks |
| Leader of Britain’s New Labour movement who served as Prime Minister from 1997-2007. | Tony Blair |
| Alliance of socialist countries in eastern Europe that was formed to oppose NATO. | Warsaw Pact |
| Radical government that took over Paris when under threat during the Franco-Prussian War. | Paris Commune |
| Term for the style of social and economic policies in Scandinavia that combine capitalism with a strong welfare state. | Nordic model (accept descriptions of Nordic economics, Nordic democracy, etc.; do not accept socialism or other terms) |
| First UK Labour Prime Minister, who was negatively affected by the forged Zinoviev letter. | Ramsay MacDonald The Mongols The Mongols... |
| Conquered a large empire primarily on which continent, including China and Persia? | Asia |
| Mastered the art of combat atop what riding animals? | horses |
| Were united into an empire by what man, born Temujin? | Genghis Khan (or Chinggis Khan) |
| Were ruled by what man, who met with Marco Polo and twice failed to invade Japan? | Kublai Khan |
| Founded which colorful state that dominated Russia until the rise of Muscovy? | Golden Horde |
| Founded which Chinese dynasty in 1271? | Yuan Dynasty |
| Conquered what preceding Chinese dynasty, crushing them in the Battle of Yamen? | Song Dynasty |
| Built what 13th century capital city after Ogedei defeated the Jin? | Karakorum |
| This movement began in Arnold due to hosiery falling out of fashion. The Pentrich riots were started by Jeremiah Brandreth, a former member of this movement. Members of this movement executed William Horsfall and attacked Rawfolds (+) Mill. The Swing Riots was an agricultural version of this movement, which was suppressed by the 1812 Frame Breaking Act. A man named Ned who legendarily smashed two (*) knitting frames inspired, for ten points, what anti-Industrial Revolution movement in England that opposed new technologies? | Luddites |
| This state’s Fort Snelling was built near an early settlement at Mendota and several miles downstream from the St. Anthony Falls. A body of water here was given a faux-Native American name by Henry Schoolcraft, who combined the (+) Latin words for “truth” and “head.” The Treaty of 1818 gave this state’s territory an exclave north of the 49th Parallel, on the other side of the (*) Lake of the Woods. The Northwest Angle is part of, for ten points, what Midwestern state where Lake Itasca is the source of the Mississippi River, and whose capital is St. Paul? | Minnesota |
| This figure is shown wearing a prayer shawl around his waist in the center of a Marc Chagall work showing Jews fleeing a pogrom. James Ensor painted this figure’s theoretical entry into (+) Brussels. Paul Gauguin showed this figure alongside three Breton women in a painting that emphasizes the color (*) yellow. Artistic scenes including this figure after his death include Deposition and Pieta, in which he is held by his mourning mother, Mary. For ten points, name this religious figure painted in scenes of the Crucifixion. | Jesus Christ (accept either or both) |
| Near the end of this program, Deke Slayton controlled personnel assignments, and was himself chosen to be its last crew member. As a show of d´etente, this program collaborated with the (+) Soyuz program in a 1975 docking mission. James Lovell commanded one phase of this program, which suffered an explosion and aborted its (*) landing mission. Seventeen numbered missions were part of, for ten points, what American space program that “won” the space race by landing Neil Armstrong on the Moon? | Apollo Program (accept Apollo 13 after “James Lovell” is read; accept Apollo 11 after “Neil Armstrong” is read; do not accept or prompt on other answers, such as the American space program) |
| One party in this nation was divided into the Khalqs and the Parchams and overthrew Daud Khan to rise to power in the Saur Revolution. Thousands of Stinger missiles were sent to this nation by the CIA during Operation Cyclone. Hafizullah (+) Amin’s inability to quell unrest in this country led to an invasion that was repelled by foreign fighters from around the Islamic world, a group called the (*) mujahideen. For ten points, name this country that was ruled by the Taliban until a 2001 US invasion. | Afghanistan |
| John Steuart Curry depicted this man in front of a wagon train, a fire, and a tornado, holding a Bible and a gun in outstretched arms. This man received funding and support from Gerrit Smith, Thomas Wentworth Higginson, and the rest of the (+) “Secret Six.” After the sacking of Lawrence, this man led a group of settlers that murdered five people at Pottawatomie Creek, one of the “Bleeding Kansas” conflicts. (*) Robert E. Lee led a Marine detachment that captured this man in October 1859 from a Virginia armory. For ten points, name this American abolitionist who was executed after his failed raid on Harpers Ferry. | John Brown |
| An inflammatory letter by Leo of Ohrid helped spark this event. The Council of Ferrara-Florence tried to reverse this event after John VIII Palaiologos needed help against the (+) Ottoman Empire. The Massacre of the Latins worsened the effects of this event and led to the Sack of Thessalonica in revenge. The Norman conquest of southern Italy led to a call for help that began this event. This event began when a delegation refused to grant Cerularius the title of (*) Ecumenical Patriarch, which resulted in a mutual excommunication. For ten points, name this split between Roman Catholicism and the Eastern Orthodox church. | Great Schism (or Schism of 1054) |
| This city is home to the Erechtheion, a temple probably designed by Mnesicles [neh-sih- klees] and financially supported by the treasury of the (+) Delian League, which was based in this city. This city was connected to its port, several kilometers away at Piraeus, by the Long Walls, which were ordered destroyed in (*) 404 BC after this city lost the Peloponnesian War. For ten points, name this ancient Greek city-state where Pericles ordered the building of the Parthenon on the Acropolis. | Athens |
| Holders of this position possessed the Heirloom Seal of the Realm and ranked their consorts and concubines. The first holder of this position, a (+) Legalist, ended the Warring States period, burned books, and was buried with an army of terracotta warriors. The (*) Mandate of Heaven empowered, for ten points, what position held by Qin Shi Huangdi and hundreds of other Middle Kingdom leaders? | Emperor of China (or Huangdi before mentioned; prompt on “Son of Heaven;” prompt on partial answers, like “rulers of China”) |
| What Russian city on the Baltic Sea was the site of a 900 day siege by Nazi forces during World War II? | Leningrad (accept Saint Petersburg; accept Petrograd) |