| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| This country was the site of a revolution suppressed by Ivan Konev. Janos Kadar was given control of this country after Nikita Khrushchev ordered the destruction of Imre Nagy’s government. Olympians from this country participated in the “Blood in the Water”, a violent water polo match with Soviet athletes. For ten points, name this country whose 1956 revolution concluded with Soviet forces occupying Budapest. | Hungary |
| This event may have started when Ernest Medina ordered his troops to kill anyone left in the market past 7 pm. Hugh Thompson Jr. saved dozens of lives in this event when he landed his helicopter in front of encroaching soldiers. William Calley, the leader of this event, was only sentenced to house arrest on the orders of Richard Nixon. For ten points, name this 1968 massacre of over 400 civilians in the Vietnam War. | My Lai massacre |
| This ruler’s reign featured the innovation of the Tercio formation, which his troops used at Pavia in the Italian Wars. This ruler allowed German states a degree of religious freedom after signing the Peace of Augsburg. His ascension linked the houses of Valois and Habsburg. Philip II was the son of, for ten points, what 16th century king of both Spain and the Holy Roman Empire? | Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (or Charles I of Spain; prompt on Charles) |
| This man returned from Spain after being exiled for 18 years resulting in a purge of his left-wing supporters at Ezeiza Airport. Blue-collar workers called “descamisados” contributed to this man’s early power base. This man was succeeded by his third wife Isabel and had earlier leveraged his marriage to a movie star to support his populist platform. For ten points, name this Argentine leader who married Eva Duarte. | Juan Peron |
| This man was often aided by his assistant Alex Gardner. At Cold Harbor, this man was able to photograph Ambrose Burnside’s staff huddled around a tree reading a paper. This man was able to capture photos of the carnage at Bloody Lane, and the face-side of the penny coin was lifted from a portrait this man took of Abraham Lincoln. For ten points, name this eminent American photographer of the Civil War. | Mathew Brady |
| This series of legislation created the Vice Admiralty Courts to punish smugglers. The Circular Letter and Letters from a Pennsylvania Farmer opposed these acts. John Hancock’s Liberty was seized under these acts which were enforced by the HMS Romney out of Boston Harbor. The failure of the Stamp Act sparked, for ten points, what 1765 set of acts meant to raise revenue in the American colonies? | Townshend Acts |
| This composer’s aria “La donna e mobile” [La DON-a eh MO-beel-ay] became popular among gondoliers. This composer’s surname was used as a symbol for the nationalist Risorgimento movement, and his chorus “Va, pensiero” from Nabucco was an anthem for unification. Radames falls in love with an Ethiopian princess in an opera by, for ten points, what Italian composer of the operas Rigoletto and Aida? | Giuseppe Verdi |
| This battle’s winning side was supported by Spier Spencer’s Yellow Jackets, and victory was secured with a cavalry charge led by Joseph Daviess. Prophetstown was burned in the aftermath of this battle which resulted in the defeat of Tecumseh’s brother. For ten points, name this 1811 battle remembered in William Henry Harrison’s presidential slogan which calls for “ this battle” and Tyler too. | Battle of Tippecanoe |
| This company grew out of a partnership with Henry Flagler and Samuel Andrews, and it absorbed its early competition in the Cleveland Massacre. In 1904, McClure’s published The History of this company, exposing its shady business tactics. This company was broken into 34 firms in 1911 in accordance with the Sherman Antitrust Act. For ten points, name this company founded by John D. Rockefeller. | Standard Oil Comanpy |
| The History of the Standard Oil Company was written by this muckraker who based the work on her father’s experiences with the company. | Ida Minerva Tarbell |
| This city was home to the “Weepers,” who helped carry out a destruction of subversive art when the Bonfire of the Vanities was ordered by Girolamo Savonarola. Pope Leo X, Cosimo, and Lorenzo the Magnificent were members of a dynasty in this city that funded the works of Michelangelo. For ten points, name this Italian city called the “cradle of the Renaissance.” | Florence |
| Cosimo and Lorenzo were members of this Florentine family. | Medici family |
| This case was influenced by a series of doll tests carried out by Kenneth and Mamie Clark. The policy of “massive resistance” was devised by states in order to resist this case’s ruling, which was supposed to be carried out with “all deliberate speed.” For ten points, name this 1952 Supreme Court case that struck down the policy of “separate but equal” in public schools. | Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas |
| This future Supreme Court justice argued Brown on behalf of the NAACP. | Thurgood Marshall |
| This leader initiated a two year period of rule by decree during the “Emergency” and authorized the Smiling Buddha nuclear test, the first in the country. Operation Blue Star, an army raid on the Golden Temple, was authorized by this leader to clear out extremists; in retaliation, she was assassinated. For ten points, name this daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru who served as prime minister of India. | Indira Gandhi (prompt on Gandhi) |
| Indira Gandhi was assassinated by men of this religious group, which she targeted in Operation Blue Star, a raid on the Golden Temple in Amritsar. | Sikhism |
| This event was carried out by the Liberators, including Cimber and Casca. It was foreshadowed by the bad dreams of Calpurnia, its victim’s wife. Shakespeare claimed that this event’s victim cried “Et tu” to Brutus, a conspirator with Cassius to commit this crime. For ten points, name this assassination that took place on the Ides of March, killing a dictator of the Roman Republic. | death of Gaius Julius Caesar (accept equivalents for death, including stabbing; prompt on partial answer) |
| What lieutenant of Caesar gave his funeral oration and later joined the Second Triumvirate. | Marc Antony (or Marcus Antonius) |
| This man led saboteurs known as the MK in the service of Albert Luthuli. He declared “I am prepared to die” at the Rivonia Trial, where he and other Spear of the Nation members were accused of subversion. This man was released from Robben Island by F.W. de Klerk, whom this man succeeded as president. For ten points, name this leader who helped end apartheid in South Africa. | Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela |
| Mandela led this political party, whose militant wing Spear of the Nation was banned as a terrorist group. | African National Congress (or ANC) |
| This battle featured the death of Francis Randall after a heatstroke. During this battle, the order “you may fire when ready” was given to Charles Gridley as the Olympia led an assault on Patricio Montojo’s forces. The winning fleet suffered only one casualty during this battle. For ten points, what decisive naval battle of the Spanish-American war took place in the capital of the Philippines? | Battle of Manila Bay (prompt on Manila) |
| This man led the American fleet at Manila Bay and gave the “You may fire when ready” order to Gridley. | George Dewey |
| This war featured a force that was “storm’d at with shot and shell” according to an 1854 poem. One naval battle in this war was fought at Sinope, and its Battle of Balaclava saw the aforementioned Charge of the Light Brigade. For ten points, name this 19th century war that pitted the Ottoman Empire and its allies against Russia on a namesake peninsula in the Black Sea? | Crimean War |
| The Charge of the Light Brigade was immortalized in a poem by what British author? | Alfred, Lord Tennyson |
| Modern day state where Jamestown is located. | Virginia |
| Native woman who legendarily spared a European from her father’s club. | Pocahontas (or Matoaka; accept Amonute; accept Rebecca Rolfe) |
| Planter who married that woman and introduced tobacco to Jamestown. | John Rolfe |
| Leader of Jamestown who declared “he who does not work, shall not eat.” | John Smith |
| Name for the harsh winter of 1609 that wiped out 80% of the colonists. | Starving Time |
| Chief who met with the Jamestown colonists, or the Native American confederacy of the same name. | Powhatan (accept Wahunsenacawh; accept Powhatan Confederacy) |
| Modern-day country whose city of Athens went to war. | Greece |
| City-state that lost King Leonidas and 300 of its troops in a last stand in 480 BC. | Sparta |
| Battle where Leonidas and those 300 troops were slain. | Battle of Thermopylae |
| Persian ruler who fathered Xerxes and began the Persian Wars. | Darius I (or Darius the Great; prompt on Darius) |
| 490 BC Athenian victory that was announced by Pheidippides, who ran 26 miles. | Battle of Marathon |
| Athenian-led league that was formed to fight Persia and later led by Pericles. | Delian League (prompt on Athenian League) |
| Country where pharaohs ordered their construction, some near modern Cairo. | Egypt |
| City outside Cairo where the three great pyramids stand. | Giza |
| Limestone sculpture of a human-headed lion found near the 3 great pyramids. | Great Sphinx of Giza |
| Vessels stored in pyramids that held a mummy’s internal organs. | Canopic jars (prompt on jar) |
| Pharaoh who commissioned the largest of the 3 great pyramids. | Khufu |
| Architect who designed the step pyramid for Djoser. | Imhotep |
| This holiday is sometimes celebrated by swinging leeks at friends. (+) Matzah is eaten during the Seder period on this holiday, where the Haggadah is recited. This holiday’s name refers to the (*) Angel of Death ignoring houses marked with lamb blood by the Israelites during the Tenth Plague. For ten points, name this holiday that celebrates the escape of Moses and the Jews from Egypt. | Passover (accept Pesach) |
| This ruler’s son, Paul I, dismissed Alexander Suvorov but was forced to reinstate him when threatened by the French. Yemelyan (+) Pugachev’s cossack revolt targeted this ruler who, with the help of Grigory Orlov, deposed Peter III. This ruler entertained Diderot and (*) Voltaire and her art collection was used as the basis of the Hermitage Museum. For ten points, name this longest reigning female tsar of Russia. | Catherine II (accept Catherine the Great; prompt on partial answers) |
| This event was investigated after a mysterious raid on Robert La Follette’s office occured. Congress was given the power to compel (+) testimony as a result of this event. Albert Fall became the first cabinet member to be jailed after he was found to be taking (*) bribes over the leasing of Elk Hills reserves in, for ten points, what scandal over Navy oil fields that rocked the Harding administration? | Teapot Dome scandal |
| This country’s rebel leaders carried out civilian bombings in the Cafe Wars. Fighting in this country prompted the mass immigration of the (+) pied-noirs. Despite the Secret Army Organization’s attempts to sabotage the treaty, this country was granted independence in the (*) Evian Accords by Charles de Gaulle. For ten points, name this North African country that left French rule in 1962. | Algeria |
| This battle included the free black soldier Peter Salem, who may have wounded John Pitcairn. Despite being a Major General, Joseph (+) Warren insisted on being a private in this battle. Thomas Gage won this battle, but was replaced by (*) William Howe. Breed’s Hill was the actual site of, for ten points, what battle where Israel Putnam allegedly ordered his men don’t fire “until you see the whites of their eyes?” | Battle of Bunker Hill (accept Battle of Breed’s Hill before it is read) |
| This country’s constitution established the House of Councillors as the upper house of parliament. The Self-Defense Forces were established in response to (+) Article 9 of this country’s constitution, which renounced the right to wage war and made the role of the emperor ceremonial. The (*) United States helped inspire, for ten points, what Asian country’s constitution that was written after its defeat in World War II? | Japan (accept Nippon; accept Nihon) |
| This man’s actions led to the creation of the idiom “turning a blind eye” when he ignored orders at the Battle of Copenhagen. The “Band of Brothers” supported this man who led an attack on (+) L’Orient as part of the Battle of the Nile. At a battle off the coast of Spain, this man said (*) “England expects every man to do his duty.” For ten points, name this captain of the HMS Victory who died at Trafalgar. | Horatio Nelson (accept 1st Viscount Nelson; accept 1st Duke of Bronte) |
| This scandal included the Stennis Compromise, whose rejection led to the firing of Archibald Cox in the (+) Saturday Night Massacre. The central action of this scandal was discovered when Frank Wills noticed doors being prevented from locking. A (*) break-in at the headquarters of the Democratic National Convention sparked, for ten points, what 1972 scandal which eventually caused the resignation of Richard Nixon? | Watergate scandal |
| This plan was enacted after Herbert Hoover noted it was unwise to create a “pastoral state” under the competing Morgenthau Plan. (+) Greece and Turkey became the first countries to use this plan, while Joseph Stalin forbade Warsaw Pact nations from accepting (*) aid. Named for Harry Truman’s secretary of state, for ten points, name this American plan to provide money to Europe after World War II. | Marshall Plan (accept the European Recovery Program) |
| Name this union which included Walter Reuther and clashed with Ford security at the Battle of the Overpass. | United Auto Workers (accept UAW) |
| This man was once accused of treason after a speech that noted that “Caesar had his Brutus, Charles I his Cromwell.” In another (+) speech, this man argued that “our chains are forged, their clanking can be heard on the plains of Boston” before declaring that “I (*) know not what course others may take.” For ten points, name this Patriot who proclaimed “give me liberty or give me death!” | Patrick Henry |