| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| This city’s downfall came after the Battle of Mantinea led to the death of Epaminondas. This city was victorious at the Battle of Leuctra, leading this city to replace Sparta as the predominant power. This city was home to the Sacred Band, which fell at Chaeronea to Philip II of Macedon. For ten points, name this Greek city-state from Boeotia traditionally held to be founded by Cadmus. | Thebes |
| This mission saw Columbia orbit the central body under the pilot Michael Collins. A Saturn V [five] Rocket was used to launch the three-membered crew of this mission, which included Buzz Aldrin. This 1969 mission was deemed to be “one giant leap for man kind” by its commander Neil Armstrong. For ten points, name this Apollo mission that was the first to land a man on the moon. | Apollo 11 (prompt on Apollo until it is read; accept 11 after Apollo is read; prompt on descriptive answers related to lunar missions) |
| This region is the subject of a work that notes it is “as a whole divided into three parts.” During the siege of a Mandubii city in this region, one commander ordered the construction of a walls to complete a circumvallation. Vercingetorix was defeated at Alesia in, for ten points, what region, the subject of a set of commentaries by Julius Caesar? | Gaul |
| This group investigated the Brownsville affair but Bill McDonald failed to secure any indictments. Sam Bass was killed by this organization near Round Rock. With Frederick Burnham, a member of this organization stopped an assassination on Porfirio Diaz and William Taft while in El Paso. Stephen Austin created, for ten points, what division of the Texas Department of Public Safety, a statewide police organization. | Texas Rangers |
| This instrument was played by Isaac Stern and a composer who wrote 24 caprices for it and allegedly sold his soul to the devil, Niccolo Paganini. Sibelius and Brahms each wrote one concerto for this instrument, and concertos for it comprise Antonio Vivaldi’s The Four Seasons. Antonio Stradivarius made high quality examples of, for ten points, what instrument, two of which are in a string quartet? | violins |
| This man argued that laws should expire after 100 years in the Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina. This man discussed primary and secondary qualities and proposed the idea of “tabula rasa,” where the human mind begins as a blank slate. In another work, this man argued that private property led to the creation of civil society. For ten points, name this author of Two Treatises of Government. | John Locke |
| This government created the Milice, an organization to hunt down resistance fighters. The motto “Labor, Family, Fatherland” was created by this government to replace a similar one that called for liberty, equality, and fraternity. Pierre Laval was found guilty of high treason for his role in this government. Philippe Petain helped lead, for ten points, what Nazi puppet government based in a Southern French town? | Vichy France (prompt on France alone) |
| This period featured the Cane Ridge Revival, a frontier camp meeting hosted by Barton Stone. A portion of New York was labeled the “burned-over district” during this period which was partially led by Alexander Campbell and Charles Finney. The anticipated Second Coming of Christ caused, for ten points, what 19th century revival of Protestantism in the United States? | Second Great Awakening (prompt on Great Awakening alone) |
| This battle featured the massacre of captured American prisoners at Malmedy. During this battle, Anthony McAuliffe gave the reply “Nuts!” when asked to surrender the town of Bastogne. The losing side in this battle initially gained ground after sending panzers through the Ardennes forest. For ten points, name this last great German offensive of World War II, which caused the namesake shape in Allied lines. | Battle of the Bulge (or the Ardennes counteroffensive; accept, but do not otherwise reveal, Operation Watch on the Rhine) |
| The German name for the Bulge offensive was “Operation Watch on [this river].” | Rhine River |
| This country launched the failed Darien Scheme, an attempt to colonize Panama. This country, which maintained the Auld Alliance with France, was victorious under Andrew Moray at a 1297 battle at Stirling Bridge near the River Forth. For ten points, name this constituent country of the United Kingdom north of England which includes cities such as Glasgow. | Scotland (or Alba) |
| What leader of Scottish independence was victorious at Stirling Bridge and was portrayed in Braveheart by Mel Gibson? | William Wallace |
| This man was sued by Francis Todd after criticizing the conditions of Todd’s slave ships. This man decried a document as a “covenant with death” and burned a copy of it since it was used to prop up slavery. In his most famous publication, this man declared “I will not retreat a single inch, and I will be heard.” For ten points, name this abolitionist editor of The Liberator. | William Lloyd Garrison |
| Garrison burned a copy of this document after calling it a “covenant with death.” | US Constitution |
| This form’s early works include Jacopo Peri’s Dafne and another work that was based on Greek myth, L’Orfeo by Claudio Monteverdi. This type of work combines a libretto with musical composition and, unlike an oratorio, includes acting. Arias are often sung during, for ten points, what type of theatrical musical performance, such as Mozart’s The Magic Flute? | opera |
| This Italian composer of operas like La Boheme and Madame Butterfly met with a pre-dictator Benito Mussolini to petition for a national theater project. | Giacomo Puccini |
| This dynasty’s leadership was forced to consolidate power in a civil war against Ariq Boke. It attempted to invade Japan, but was turned back when the fleet was destroyed. Under this dynasty, the capital was moved to Dadu until the Red Turban rebellion eventually destroyed this dynasty, leading to the rise of the Ming. Kublai Khan founded, for ten points, what Mongol dynasty of China? | Yuan Dynasty (prompt on Mongol before mentioned) |
| The Yuan fleets were destroyed in a series of storms that the Japanese described by this term. | kamikaze (prompt on “divine wind”) |
| This woman first clashed with James Blake after Blake drove off without this woman as she struggled to find her purse. Later, this woman was supported by Ralph Abernathy after she was arrested for disobeying Blake’s attempts to move her to a for-blacks area. For ten points, name this African-American woman who sparked a bus boycott by refusing to give up her seat. | Rosa Parks |
| Rosa Parks sparked a boycott of this city’s buses in 1955. | Montgomery, Alabama |
| This organization’s commerce was bolstered by the usage of cog ships, which became prominent targets of the Likedeelers. At this organization’s height, it maintained the Steelyard kontor in England and trading posts in Visby and Novgorod, though the “jewel” of this organization was the city of Lubeck. For ten points, name this trade union that dominated medieval German commerce. | Hanseatic League (or Hansa) |
| The Hanseatic League controlled trade in this European sea by, in part, controlling the Oresund Strait connecting it to the Atlantic. | Baltic Sea |
| This world leader is the subject of “Case 1000” and “Case 2000,” a set of corruption cases. In a March 2015 election, this leader’s party defeated Isaac Herzog’s Zionist Union coalition, two weeks after he spoke against the Iran nuclear agreement at the U.S. Congress. For ten points, name this Likud Party leader and current Prime Minister of Israel. | Benjamin Netanyahu |
| In 1998, Netanyahu signed the Wye River Memorandum with what leader of the Palestinian Authority who died in 2004? | Yasser Arafat |
| War that ended when MacArthur accepted surrender from the Japanese. | (Pacific theater of) World War II |
| American battleship on which that surrender was signed. | USS Missouri |
| President that removed MacArthur from command in the Korean War. | Harry Truman |
| Island nation MacArthur retreated from, promising “I will return.” | the Philippines |
| Military academy in New York from which MacArthur graduated. | Army West Point (prompt on Army) |
| Korean-Chinese river he insisted on encroaching on leading to a Chinese invasion. | Yalu river |
| Weapon used by kings to appoint knights. | sword |
| Ditches that surrounded castles often necessitating the use of drawbridges. | moats |
| Cast-iron gunpowder weapon that the French employed at Castillon. | cannon |
| Infantry weapon favored by the Swiss that was longer than a spear. | pike |
| English ranged weapon used to great effect at Crecy in the Hundred Years’ War? | longbow (prompt on bow (and arrow); do not accept or prompt on crossbow) |
| Lost Byzantine invention used in naval warfare to great effect against ships. | Greek fire |
| Colorfully named German ace active in World War I. | Red Baron (or Manfred von Richthofen) |
| Basque city controversially attacked by bombers, inspiring a Picasso painting. | Guernica |
| Airforce that included the Condor Legion and was headed by Hermann Goring. | Luftwaffe (prompt on the air force of (Nazi) Germany) |
| German city in Saxony destroyed by bomb-induced firestorms in 1945. | Dresden |
| Colorfully named chemical that planes dropped to clear forests in the Vietnam War. | Agent Orange |
| Alabama city that names a group of African-American airmen nicknamed the “Red Tails” | Tuskegee |
| This dynasty included a ruler who was rolled into a rug and trampled by horses as to not spill royal blood. Harun al-Rashid led this dynasty to its golden age which ended with a (+) 1258 Mongol invasion. The capital of this dynasty was sacked by Hulagu whose destruction of the House of Wisdom caused the (*) Tigris to run black. Baghdad was the capital of, for ten points, what caliphate that succeeded the Umayyads? | Abbasid Caliphate |
| This governor of Massachusetts put down a police strike in Boston in 1919. Under this man, a treaty (+) outlawing war was signed between Secretary of State Frank Kellogg and ambassador Aristide Briand. This man (*) rose to his highest office after his predecessor died of a heart attack in San Francisco. For ten points, name this silent president who succeeded Warren G. Harding. | Calvin Coolidge |
| This conflict included the Left SR uprising during which Wilhelm Mirbach was assassinated. The Czechoslovak Legion secured their passage to (+) Vladivostok in this war by handing over Alexander Kolchak. During this conflict, the (*) White Army was defeated by troops under command of Leon Trotsky. For ten points, name this 1917 war which supported Vladimir Lenin’s Bolshevik revolution. | Russian Civil War (prompt on the Russian Revolution) |
| This man designed a machine that improved upon the Polish bombe tool. He was assigned to lead Hut 8 of (+) Bletchley Park to help decipher navy signals during World War II. This man was posthumously pardoned after he was prosecuted for (*) homosexuality in 1952. For ten points, name this British scientist who helped break the Enigma code and is considered the father of computer science. | Alan Mathison Turing |
| This building includes a “Great Clock” whose exterior face has only an hour hand. The work of Andrea Palladio influenced this building’s (+) Neoclassical design. The owner of this home sold its books in 1815 to help rebuild the Library of Congress. Mulberry Row part of this (*) plantation which was home to Sally Hemmings. For ten points, name this building in Charlottesville, Virginia, the home of Thomas Jefferson. | Monticello |
| This man’s general, Avidius Cassius, declared himself Emperor after false reports of this man’s death. This man’s co-rule with his brother Lucius (+) Verus is chronicled in the few surviving letters by Fronto. While planning campaigns at Sirmium, this father of (*) Commodus wrote many reflections discussing his usage of logic to overcome emotion. For ten points, name this Stoic emperor who wrote the Meditations. | Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus |
| This man, according to Giovanni Ramusio, was captured at Curzola and imprisoned in Genoa. Robert Latham claims a work by this man was a collaboration with (+) Rustichello of Pisa who added fantastical elements. This man’s lack of reference to the (*) Great Wall has caused speculation that he never met with Kublai Khan. For ten points, name this Venetian merchant who recounted his time in China in his Travels. | Marco Polo |
| This legislation led the owners of the Heart of Atlanta Motel to claim Congress did not have the right to infringe on “public accomodations.” Hubert Humphrey ended Robert Byrd’s (+) 14 hour filibuster of this bill. In the aftermath of this bill, the South, a longtime Democratic stronghold, began supporting the (*) Republicans. Lyndon B. Johnson signed, for ten points, what 1964 bill that outlawed racial discrimination? | Civil Rights Act of 1964 |
| This city grew exponentially after the Jebel Ali Free Zone was established for foreigners to invest in. This city is often described as having the world’s only (+) “seven star-hotel,” a sail-shaped hotel known as the Burj Al Arab. In 2008, (*) Taipei 101 was surpassed as the world’s tallest building after the Burj Khalifa was built in this city. For ten points, name the largest city of the United Arab Emirates. | Dubai |
| Name this Portuguese explorer who led the first expedition to successfully circumnavigate the earth. | Ferdinand Magellan |
| This man began a series of raids on Fort Crown Point and Lake Champlain after working with Ethan Allen to capture (+) Fort Ticonderoga. This man schemed with John Andre when Horatio Gates took the credit for this man’s combat performance. He plotted to (*) turn over West Point to the British. For ten points, name this Revolutionary War general whose name is synonymous with treason. | Benedict Arnold |