| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A painting of this battle by John Trumbull depicted the humanity of Major John Small and the death of Joseph Warren who served under William Prescott. Israel Putnam may have paraphrased Gustavus Adophus when he said, "Don't fire until you see the whites of their eyes" at this battle. William Howe and Thomas Gage led the British Regulars in, for the point, what major battle of the American Revolution, fought outside Boston? | Battle of Bunker Hill (accept Battle of Breed’s Hill) |
| Legendarily, this figure followed birds across the desert to the Siwa Oasis, where an oracle told him he was a legitimate Pharaoh. This man built an artificial causeway on the Mediterranean during his siege of Tyre and burned the Palace of Xerxes while looting Persepolis during his conquests of the Achaemenid [[ah-KEE-meh-nid]] Empire. For the point, name this Macedonian king who conquered much of the known world in the 4th century BC. | Alexander the Great (or Alexander III of Macedon) |
| Attempts to desegregate various entities of this plan led to public backlash against the Secretary of the Interior, Harold Ickes [[ICK-eez]]. The "First 100 Days" of this program led to a "bank holiday” and the institution of the Federal Emergency Relief Administration. This period led to the Social Security Act and the abandonment of the “Gold Standard” of the U.S. dollar. For the point, name this period of reform, largely a response to the economic hardship of the Great Depression. | New Deal |
| Near this nation’s Astrolabe Reef, the MV Rena ran aground and spilled 1,700 tons of oil while en route to Tauranga. Pā [[PAH]] fortifications played a key role in this nation in an early 19th century series of internal conflicts called the Musket Wars. The Waitangi Tribunal occurred in this nation, investigating broken promises to the local people called the Maori. For the point, name this nation which was first seen by Europeans in 1642 by Abel Tasman. | New Zealand (or Aotearoa) |
| As a result of this book’s publication, one president sent Labor Commissioner Charles P. Neill to investigate working conditions. The author of this book lamented "I aimed at the public's heart, and by accident I hit it in the stomach" after this book led to the passing of the Pure Food and Drug Act. For the point, name this novel about Chicago meatpacking by Upton Sinclair. | The Jungle |
| The official transfer of power over this territory, illustrated by Thure de Thulstrup in Harper's Weekly, took place in the Place d'Armes [[PLAHS DAHRM]], today Jackson Square. A U.S. senator from Massachusetts, Timothy Pickering, led a group of New England Federalists who spoke of secession due to this exchange with France. For the point, name this “Purchase” made by the Jefferson administration. | Louisiana Purchase (or Vente de la Louisiane) |
| While in this profession, the Byzantine Alexander of Tralles [[TRAH-less]] wrote the Twelve Books. Mikhail Ryumin was executed for fabricating a namesake “Plot” accusing Jewish men in this profession of killing high-ranking Soviets in Moscow. Medieval men in this profession wore beak-shaped masks containing herbs to avoid “bad air.” For the point, name this profession which requires an oath named after the “Father of Medicine,” Hippocrates. | Doctors (accept Physicians; accept Medicine or Medical before mentioned; accept reasonable word forms) |
| A senator from this state, John Crittenden, proposed a “Compromise” to prevent the impending Civil War. Braxton Bragg’s attempt to capture and turn this state to the Confederacy was stopped at the Battle of Perryville. While working for the Transylvania Company, Daniel Boone blazed the Cumberland Gap, explored beyond the western border of the thirteen colonies, and settled this state. For the point, name this southern U.S. state, the birthplace of Abraham Lincoln. | Kentucky |
| The chaos of this conflict led to the rise of the proto-anarchist radicals known as “The Diggers,” who sought to farm communal land. Prince Rupert of the Rhineland led the “Cavaliers” during this war until the Prince’s banishment and the capture of Bristol. This war, with battles at Worcester [[WOO-ster]] and Marston Moor, ended with the rise of the Lord Protector, Oliver Cromwell. For the point, name this war which resulted in the death of the Stuart monarch, Charles I. | English Civil War |
| During this dynasty, Ding Huan invented the manually powered rotary fan for air cooling. This dynasty’s capital of Chang’an [[CHAHNG AHN]] was captured by a Turkic general during his namesake An Lushan [[AHN loo-SHAHN]] Rebellion. This dynasty contested the Fergana Valley region with the Abbasid Caliphate, culminating in the Battle of the Talas River in 751. For the point, name this dynasty which followed the short-lived Sui [[SWEE]] Dynasty in the 7th century. | Tang [[TAHNG]] Dynasty (or Tang Empire) |
| During this war, the International Red Cross established the first “Basel [[BAH- zuhl]] Agency” which tracked POW numbers and locations. Helmuth von Moltke pincered the Army of Châlons [[shah-LOHN]] while it was en route to relieve the Siege of Metz during this war. Bismarck instigated this war by sending the Ems Dispatch, and the Napoleon III regime collapsed after their loss at Sedan. For the point, name this 1870-71 war between the Second Empire and a German confederation. | Franco-Prussian War (accept Franco-German War before mentioned; accept War of 1870 before mentioned) |
| Resistance to this reform came when a sosai was proclaimed in the breakaway Ezo Republic. This period led to the chisokaisei [[chee-soh-KAI-say]] land reform act which established private ownership rights for the first time in its nation. This event, which led to the Boshin War, ended a period of isolation named the sakoku under the Tokugawa Shogunate. For the point, name this “Restoration” of the Imperial throne in the 19th century which helped to modernize Japan. | Meiji Restoration (or Meiji Ishin; accept Honorable Restoration; accept synonymous answers for Restoration such as "Renovation" and "Reform") |
| The plotters of this event fled after the pseudonymous "John Johnson" was arrested, using Watling Street to flee to the Midlands, and this event’s failure is celebrated on “Bonfire Night.” This event was orchestrated by Robert Catesby and Catholics who sought to take back the monarchy from James I and restore Catholic rule. For the point, name this failed 1605 “plot” in which Guy Fawkes and company attempted to blow up Parliament. | Gunpowder Treason Plot (or Jesuit Treason) |
| Archaeologist and future president of this nation, Zianon Pazniak, uncovered mass graves from the Soviet-led Kurpaty Massacre in what is now this nation. Opposition leader Svetlana Tikhanovskaya fled across the border of this nation to Lithuania after the fraudulent 2020 elections. After that election in this nation, tens of thousands of people protested the government of Alexander Lukashenko. For the point, name this Eastern European nation which takes its name from the Russian for "White Rus." | Republic of Belarus |
| This man’s funeral in Harlem was funded by Sidney Poitier's [[PWAH-TYAYS]] wife and stage actress Ruby Dee. In the “Ballot or the Bullet” speech, this man said, “We didn’t land on Plymouth Rock. Plymouth Rock landed on us.” Louis Farrakhan of the Nation of Islam and COINTELPRO have both been blamed for this man’s 1965 assassination. For the point, name this Civil Rights leader, a convert to Islam, who rejected his “slave name” of Little. | Malcolm X (accept Malcolm Little before mentioned; accept El-Hajj Malik El- Shabazz |
| Set during this event, a nameless family serves as the protagonists of When the Emperor Was Divine by Julie Otsuka. The Civil Liberties Act of 1988 gave the still-living victims of this event 20,000 dollars in reparations. Harlan Stone's court upheld this program which had been challenged by Fred Korematsu's violation of Civilian Exclusion Order No. 34. For the point, name this forced relocation of people of an Asian ethnicity by FDR’s Executive Order 9066. | Japanese-American Internment (accept descriptive answers indicating the incarceration of Japanese-Americans; accept Executive Order 9066 before mentioned) |
| The Second Treaty of Rapallo signed between this country's government and the USSR renounced all territorial acquisitions gained by this country in a prior war. Industrialist Owen D. Young formulated a debt-restructuring plan for this country. Barrels of this nation’s currency were needed to buy loaves of bread due to hyperinflation which began in the early 1920s. For the point, name this country whose Weimar Republic was overthrown by the Nazis. | Germany (accept Weimar Republic before mentioned; accept German Reich; accept German Republic) |
| Yasser Arafat served as this leader’s best man in his 1975 wedding to a 19-year old go-go dancer nicknamed “Suicide Sarah.” Benjamin Netanyahu's brother, Yonathan, and other Israeli commandos died fighting terrorists supported by this man while rescuing hostages in Operation Entebbe. This man faced an invasion from neighboring Tanzania ordered by Julius Nyrere. For the point, name this Ugandan dictator who claimed to be “The Last King of Scotland.” | Idi Amin Dada |
| Nuclear physicist Harold Brown held this role during the Carter administration, negotiating the never-ratified SALT II treaty. The first president of Ford outside the Ford family, Robert McNamara, held this position under JFK. Future vice president Dick Cheney served in this Cabinet position under George H.W. Bush. In January 2021, Lloyd Austin became the first Black person to serve, for the point, in what Cabinet position which leads the U.S. armed forces? | Secretary of Defense (do not accept or prompt on "Secretary of War") |
| The now extinct Diquis [[DEE-kwee]] people from what is now this nation shaped 300 perfectly circular spheres near Palmar Sur. Legend has it that pirates buried the Peruvian Treasure of Lima on this nation's Cocos Island in the Pacific. This nation, the site of Lake Arenal, abolished its standing army in the 1940s after a deadly civil war. For the point, what is this Central American nation, possibly named by Columbus for the gold jewelry worn by its people? | Republic of Costa Rica |
| This institution’s namesake patron bequeathed 800 pounds and his personal library to it while on his deathbed. This university was the location of the first printing press in North America and the site of Ralph Waldo Emerson's “Divinity School Address.” This university, whose women’s school is Radcliffe College, was led by Increase Mather at its founding as a colonial school in 1636. For the point, name this Ivy League school in Cambridge, Massachusetts. | Harvard University (accept Harvard College) |
| A mythic figure from this nation was carried by an eagle to Pohjola [[POH-yoh-lah]] on his attempt to marry the Maiden of the North. That figure from this nation was the child of the air spirit Ilmatar. The Eternal Hammerer of this nation’s myth, Ilmarinen, created the Sampo, later destroyed by the shaman Louhi [[LOW-hee]] while battling Väinämöinen [[vye- na-MYOO-nehn]]. Elias Lonnrot wrote the Kalevala [[kah-leh-VAH-lah]] to compile the myths of, for the point, what Scandinavian nation? | Republic of Finland |
| This organization offered the anti-clerical Mexican government ten million dollars to purge the Catholic Church during the Cristero War. The Ulysses S. Grant administration pushed through the Enforcement Act, sometimes named for this group, which allowed state militias to stop lynchings and the suppression of Black voters. Started in 1865 in Pulaski, Tennessee, for the point, what is this white nationalist group, today known for wearing white robes and conical hoods? | Ku Klux Klan (accept KKK; prompt on "Klan") |
| A composer from this country created the unfinished multi-sensory Mysterium, subsequently viewed in the West as "evil music." A former military engineer, César Cui [[TSAY-zahr KWEE]], is one of this nation’s Mighty Five. Alexander II commissioned a musical composition to commemorate this nation’s defeat of the Grande Armée of Napoleon after the Battle of Borodino. For the point, name this nation of Alexander Scriabin and Pyotr Tchaikovsky. | Imperial Russia (accept Russian Empire; accept Russian Republic; accept Soviet Union, USSR, or Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) |
| This revolution was a direct response to the White Revolution of the 1960s, which enfranchised women and introduced trickle-down economics. In the aftermath of this revolution, 52 American diplomats were held hostage by government-backed students for 444 days. For the point, name this 1979 overthrow of the Pahlavi dynasty which led to the rise of the theocratic government of Ayatollah Khomeini. | Iranian Revolution (accept Islamic Revolution; accept 1979 Revolution before mentioned) |
| During this event, private planes flown by white residents out of Curtiss-Southwest Field dropped firebombs on various districts. Three days after this event, President Warren G. Harding said he hoped to “never see another spectacle like it.” Sarah Page’s false assault accusation against Black shoe shiner Dick Rowland triggered this event which destroyed the Greenwood District. For the point, name this 1921 destruction of the “Black Wall Street'' in an Oklahoma city. | Tulsa Race Massacre (accept Greenwood Massacre before mentioned; accept Black Wall Street Massacre before mentioned; accept "Riot" or "Pogrom" in place of "Massacre") |
| A disaster caused by this program was described as “30% fault of nature, 70% human error” at the Seven Thousand Cadres Conference. Massive famine occurred as a result of this program's effort to kill off the Eurasian Tree Sparrow, one of the “Four Pests.” The failure of this program led to the purges of the Cultural Revolution. For the point, name this Maoist program of the 1960s meant to reform Chinese agrarian society. | Great Leap Forward (accept The Second Five Year Plan, accept Da yuejin) |
| In this election year, "faithless elector" Robert Satiacum, Jr. cast a Washington electoral vote for Faith Spotted Eagle, a Native American activist. In the final debate of this election year, one candidate used the term “Bad Hombres” in reference to drug lords in the U.S. This election year was clouded by suspected Russian collusion in assistance to a campaign which vowed to “Make America Great Again.” For the point, name this election year in which Donald Trump won the U.S. presidency. | |
| Friedrich Paulus’s surrender in this city led to one minister’s Sportpalast speech which called for the home front to prepare for “Total War.” Vasily Zaitsev became the “Hero” of this city after killing over 200 enemy combatants as a sniper. A battle in this city halted Operation Edelweiss [[EH-dehl-vais]], the German plan to reach the oil fields of Baku in the Caucusus. For the point, what is this Soviet city named for a Georgian dictator? | Stalingrad (accept Volgograd) |
| This man’s artillery company at the Battle of Princeton forced the surrender of 200 British regulars holed up at Nassau Hall. Born in what was then the British West Indies, this man proposed the U.S. dollar to be the same weight as the most circulated coin in the U.S. at the time, the Spanish peso. This writer of the “Report on Public Credit” also authored the majority of the Federalist Papers. For the point, name this first U.S. Secretary of the Treasury. | Alexander Hamilton |
| William Iron Arm travelled from this region to South-Central Italy to fight the Lombards and eventually captured the city of Amalfi. Charles the Simple of France granted this region to the Viking Rollo to deter further incursions. Duke William of this region won the Battle of Hastings to ensure his claim to the English throne over Harold Godwinson. For the point, name this region of Northern France with the cities of Rouen and Caen. | Normandy |
| These institutions were made more professional and non-sectarian due to the work of Representative Horace Mann. In 1966, integrated spaces in these places were statistically proven to be more productive in the Coleman Report. These institutions were reformed through the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 which introduced codified standardized tests. For the point, what are these institutions, overseen by a federal department for which Miguel Cardona was named Secretary in March 2021? | Public Schools (accept descriptive terms indicating educational institutions; accept forms such as High School) |