| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The regulations for this platform created in Drupal Seven allowed for anybody thirteen or older to express policy opinions and receive official responses. An effort launched on this platform led the White House to reply that "the Administration does not support blowing up planets." This website was discontinued under Donald Trump after more than a half million users called for the release of Trump’s tax returns. For the point, name this White House petitioning platform named after a constitutional phrase. | We The People |
| The "Railway Protection Movement" in one country was partly a response to this policy, which was advocated by Philander Knox. An aggressive form of this policy involved an attempt to control Honduras by buying up its British debt. Many scholars consider this policy to be a failure for alienating Russia and Japan in East Asia. For the point, name this style of foreign policy associated with the Taft administration, in which the U.S. furthered its aims in Latin America and other regions through loans and investments. | Dollar Diplomacy |
| In an article titled this philosopher "and the Immaculate Conception of the State," Murray Rothbard criticized his conception of contracts and state formation. This philosopher created a thought experiment about people selling shares in themselves, dubbed Demoktesis. This thinker offered a defense of inequality with a thought experiment about people who pay money to watch Wilt Chamberlain play, and drew on an earlier thinker's theory of property to coin the Lockean Proviso. For the point, name this libertarian philosopher, who authored Anarchy, State, and Utopia. | Robert Nozick |
| Maury Maverick, a holder of this office, coined the term "Gobbledygook," and only held this office for two years due to angering his state's conservative Democrats, including John Nance Garner. In 2014, Ivy Taylor became the first Black woman to hold this office, though she was later defeated by a man who gained national attention for attempting to remove a Chick-fil-A from his city's airport. Held since 2017 by Ron Nirenberg, for the point, what office in a major Texas city was previously held by Obama's Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, Julian Castro. | Mayor of San Antonio (or San Antonio Mayor) |
| During this conflict, troops from one side captured the Khoda Afarin Dam and Bridges. The president of one side in this conflict held a meeting with Karekin II [[the second]] to declare November 22nd as the Day of Remembrance of the Heroes. A ceasefire agreement was signed following the capture of Shusha in this war's namesake region. Turkey provided military support to one side of this 2020 conflict, which involved clashes at the Line of Contact. Ilham Aliyev and Nikol Pashinyan signed an agreement ending, for the point, what armed conflict between Azerbaijan, Armenia and the Republic of Artsakh? | 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh War (or Second Nagorno-Karabakh War; prompt on Nagorno-Karabakh War; do not accept or prompt on "First Nagorno-Karabakh War") |
| A holder of one of these positions was ambassador to the U.K. under Donald Trump, while another of these persons said the 2020 presidential candidates were not the “best and brightest." It has nothing to do with department stores, but one of these persons, Herb Kohl, was also a senator from Wisconsin. Another person with this business role was defeated in a 2021 Senate runoff by Raphael Warnock. For the point, name this position relinquished by Kelly Loeffler after offending members of the Atlanta Dream. | Sports franchise owner (accept answers such as Sports team owner; accept Owner of the New York Jets or Owner of a [a]football (or NFL) team before "brightest"; prompt on descriptive answers involving controlling sports teams) |
| A dissent in this case stated that "a plain, palpable invasion of rights" was needed to justify "the power of the courts to review legislative action." This case upheld the liberty to contract established in Allgeyer v. Louisiana by Rufus Peckham. West Coast Hotel Co. v. Parrish signaled the end of an era named for this case. In a dissent from this decision, Oliver Wendell Holmes claimed that the Fourteenth Amendment "does not enact Mr. Herbert Spencer’s Social Statics." For the point, name this 1905 Supreme Court case that overturned a law limiting working hours of New York bakers. | Lochner v. New York (accept in either order; or Joseph Lochner, Plaintiff in Error v. People of the State of New York) |
| Liberals such as Ali Babacan left this party as it became more nationalist. The People's Voice Party merged with this party, which had become "a center for anti-secular activities" according to a 2008 closure trial. In 2007, this party proposed a reform package that was vetoed by President Ahmet Necdet Sezer [[NEHJ-det seh-ZARE]]. This party, which broke with the Gülen movement, suffered setbacks during its country's 2018-2021 economic crisis. For the point, name this conservative party in Turkey led by Recep Tayyip Erdoğan [[reh-JEP tah-YEEP "AIR"-doh-wahn]]. | Justice and Development Party (accept AKP; accept Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi) |
| In Garcia v. San Antonio MTA, the Supreme Court ruled that this amendment was violated when regulating activities of state and local governments "in areas of traditional governmental functions." In Printz v. U.S., the Court held that some provisions of the Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act violated this amendment. James Madison opposed efforts to add the word "expressly" to this amendment, which states that powers not delegated to the U.S. by the Constitution are reserved to the states and people. For the point, name this final amendment of the Bill of Rights. | Tenth Amendment (or Amendment Ten) |
| The federal government’s ability to use this power was affirmed in Kohl v. United States. Lawsuits pertaining to this power on the Mexican border continued after Joe Biden froze funding for a border wall. Kelo v. New London held that this power could be used even when both parties are private entities. This power is accompanied by "just compensation" but limited by the "takings clause." For the point, name this power in which the government appropriates private property for public use. | Eminent Domain (accept Expropriation; accept Compulsory acquisition) |
| Thirty persons who hold this position have pled guilty or been convicted of official corruption since 1972 in the largest U.S. city where this title is still used. St. Louis elects 28 of these persons from wards, while Milwaukee elects 15 of these persons from districts. Barack Obama visited a person with this title, Toni Preckwinkle, before launching a bid for the Illinois State Senate in 1995. For the point, name this title held by the fifty members of the Chicago City Council, usually denoting a high-ranking member of a borough. | Alderman |
| A member of this family claimed he had been savagely beaten during the 1958 election campaign, after which he lost his left eye. Protestors chanted "vote for the crook, not the fascist" after that member of this family upset Lionel Jospin in the first round of presidential elections. Another politician with this surname led a "de-demonisation" of her far-right party after defeating Bruno Gollnisch. The National Front is currently headed by a politician with, for the point, what surname, shared by Jean-Marie and Marine? | Le Pen (accept Jean-Marie Le Pen; accept Marine Le Pen) |
| The Sanchez Valle case concerned the application of a double jeopardy clause to this place. Governor Luis Muñoz Marín [[moon-YOHZ mah-REEN]] was considered the "Architect" of this place after helping craft its constitution. This place's Popular Democratic Party currently holds a majority in its House. Via the Jones-Shafroth Act, residents of this place "were collectively made U.S. citizens" in 1917. For the point, name this U.S. jurisdiction, the only one whose legal system operates primarily in a language other than American English. | Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (accept Borinquen) |
| In Cooper v. Aaron, the Supreme Court used this clause to reject attempts by Arkansas to nullify Brown v. Board of Education. In Federalist 33, Hamilton describes rules "which those to whom it is prescribed are bound to observe" in defending this clause. This clause states that "Judges in every State shall be bound thereby, any thing in the Constitution or Laws of any State to the Contrary notwithstanding." For the point, name this Article VI clause, which states that federal laws take priority over state laws. | Supremacy Clause (or Supremacy of federal law over state law; accept Supreme Law of the Land) |
| The first chapter of a book by this author discusses "the replacing of a certain species of men by another species of men." In one book, this author wrote how Black subjects developed inferiority complexes through the process of "epidermalization." Jean- Paul Sartre [[SAHRT]] wrote that "violence can heal the wounds that it has inflicted" in the preface to a book by this author that emphasizes the revolutionary potential of the Lumpen- proletariat. For the point, name this Martinican philosopher, the author of Black Skin, White Masks and The Wretched of the Earth. | Frantz Omar Fanon [[fah-NOHN]] (accept Ibrahim Frantz Fanon) |
| Tellico Village was created after Cooper Communities bought land from this agency. In his "A Time For Choosing" speech, Ronald Reagan called this agency "sacred as motherhood." Wendell Willkie and Jo Conn Guild challenged the constitutionality of this agency. Originally based in Muscle Shoals, this agency was declared constitutional in the Ashwander case. This agency, which was led by David Lilienthal, provided the electricity for the Manhattan Project at Oak Ridge. For the point, name this New Deal agency, currently the nation's largest public power company. | Tennessee Valley Authority (or TVA) |
| This organization signed the Treaty of Amity and Cooperation in the mid-1970s. In 2018, Lim Jock Hoi assumed the position of Secretary-General of this organization. President Suharto organized the first major summit of this organization in Bali, while it signed its first free trade agreement with the nearby nations of Australia and New Zealand in the late 2000s. Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand were inaugural members of, for the point, what economic union of Asian countries? | ASEAN [[ah-ZEE-ahn]] (accept Association of Southeast Asian Nations) |
| Along with the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs, this department sponsors the Fulbright Scholarship. Aside from the Vice President, this department's head is the first cabinet member in the presidential line of succession. Hillary Clinton was criticized for deleting emails while in charge of this department. This department employs most American diplomats and is the primary agency in charge of international relations. For the point, name this cabinet level department headed by Antony Blinken since 2021. | Department of State (or State Department; or DOS) |
| This political party produced a leaflet titled "Mr. Calwell and the Faceless Men" that attacked "36 unknown men" of its rival party. A leader of this party asserted that "class war must always be a false war" in a 1942 radio speech to "the forgotten people." One leader of this party who declared himself "all the way with LBJ" likely drowned while swimming. Robert Menzies brought to prominence, for the point, what political party of Harold Holt, which opposes the Labour Party. | Liberal Party of Australia |
| Donald Trump told lawmakers “great friendliness” was associated with this practice, while Paul Ryan opposed this practice because 2016 was a “drain the swamp election.” Thad Cochran was named the “King” of this practice before a ban on it in 2011. The Office of Management and Budget keeps a database of these provisions, which often result from a process called logrolling. For the point, name this legislative practice of appropriating funds for specific recipients, which is documented in the “Pig Book” and is often referred to as “pork.” | Earmarks (prompt on "Pork" or "Pork-Barrel" before "pork") |
| Hanna Pitkin uses this word to identify a third form of representation alongside descriptive and substantive representation. David Sears used this word preceding "racism" to draw a contrast with “old-fashioned racism.” This word is used to describe legislation when its content includes things like naming post offices and commemorating events. For the point, name this adjective, often used before the word "politics," which can indicate that something has great meaning but little practical import. | Symbolic (accept Symbolic Representation; accept Symbolic Racism; accept Symbolic Legislation; accept Symbolic Politics) |
| In a six to three August 2021 decision reinstating this policy, the Supreme Court cited a California DACA [[DACK-uh]] case to rule that the Biden administration had acted "capriciously" in rescinding it. One analysis found that only "point one" percent of asylum cases processed through this policy were approved, compared to twenty percent otherwise. For the point, name this controversial Trump administration policy meant to deter Central American migrants by forcing them to stay in another country until their Immigration Court date. | Remain in Mexico (accept Migrant Protection Protocols) |
| After calling for people to oppose this policy, Mayor Camilien Houde was interned for four years. A politician who opposed this policy, Henri Bourassa, was pelted with vegetables and eggs after a fiery oration. Robert Borden championed legislation that instituted this policy, which was opposed by the "Laurier Liberals." Under this NRMA- implemented policy, a group of "zombies" refused to be moved out of the country. Québec's opposition to this policy led to two "crises" in 1917 and 1944. For the point, name this policy of forced military service in Canada. | Conscription (accept the Military Draft; accept the Conscription Crisis of 1917 or 1944) |
| Lyndon Johnson held one of these positions from 1951 to 1953 under Ernest McFarland. Two people from Maryland and South Carolina have alternated holding this title in a party conference from 2003 to 2021. Although only one person holds this title in each party and chamber, a namesake network refers to a broader set of individuals tasked with organizing roles. For the point, name this position held by persons such as James Clyburn and Steve Scalise, whose primary responsibility is vote counting and ensuring party discipline. | Whip (accept Whip Network) |
| This organization, whose activists included the Arctic 30, criticized Lego's decision to partner with Shell in a video titled "Everything is NOT Awesome." While erecting a sign that read "Time for change! The future is renewable," members of this organization permanently damaged the Nazca Lines. To prevent this organization's protests over nuclear testing, the ship Rainbow Warrior was sunk by French intelligence officers. For the point, name this colorfully named environmental activist group. | Greenpeace |
| Historian Garry Wills posited that Thomas Jefferson would have lost the election of 1800 if not for this agreement. In a debate surrounding this agreement, Alexander Hamilton asked, "Would it be just to impose a singular burden, without conferring some adequate advantage?" This compromise proposed a formula of "adding to the whole Number of free Persons, including those bound to Service for a Term of Years, and excluding Indians not taxed." For the point, name this 1787 compromise over the counting of slaves in determining a state's population. | Three-Fifths Compromise |
| A holder of this position appointed the Commission on Space in 1987, two years before controversially issuing arrests for record store owners who sold 2 Live Crew's album "Nasty as They Wanna Be." After Marcellus Stearns, the next Republican holder of this position a century later was Claude Kirk. Bob Martinez held this position, which was also held by a man who requested $500 million in funds for mental health and school safety programs following the Marjorie Stoneman Douglas shooting. For the point, name this position held by Rick Scott and Ron DeSantis. | Governor of Florida (prompt on partial answers) |
| In a 2005 study with David Himmelstein, this politician said that half of all bankruptcies were caused by medical debt. With Amelia Tyagi, this politician put forward "A Plan for Economic Patriotism" in a book discussing the causes of rising middle-class financial insecurity, The Two-Income Trap. Prior to being elected to office, this politician headed the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. For the point, name this progressive politician, who serves alongside Ed Markey as a senator from Massachusetts. | Elizabeth Ann Warren |
| Matt Thurber and Jennifer Leach English serve as editors of a Midland Park-based publisher covering news in this industry. In August, a Georgia-based company in this industry began imposing a $200 monthly surcharge on employees not vaccinated for COVID-19. In August, the Pentagon conscripted this industry to help with the Afghanistan evacuation. In the U.S., budget businesses operating in this industry include Frontier, Southwest and Spirit. For the point, name this oligopolistic industry dominated by companies such as Delta, American and United. | Airline industry (accept Civil Aviation; accept Air Transport; accept answers involving the operation of airplanes) |
| Marjorie Merryweather Post donated this property to the federal government but Jimmy Carter returned it due to high maintenance costs. Yujing Zhang [[yoo-JING JAHNG]] was arrested in 2019 for trespassing at this place while carrying a thumb drive with malware. A town council decided that a zoning code did not prevent the owner of this place from residing there despite it legally being a club, not a home. For the point, name this resort and golf club that Donald Trump referred to as the Winter White House. | Mar-a-Lago (Club) |
| This country's government in exile, the Rada, has been led since 1997 by Ivonka Survilla. In May 2021, Ryanair Flight 4978 from Athens to Vilnius was diverted to this country's capital, where a journalist was detained. That journalist, Roman Protasevich, spoke out against this country's president, who has reigned since 1994 as "Europe's last dictator." For the point, name this country in a "Union State" with neighboring Russia, ruled by Alexander Lukashenko. | Republic of Belarus (accept Byelorussia) |
| This group's name was coined in a 2018 Instagram post following a photo op at a VoteRunLead event. In 2019, Donald Trump tweeted that this group's members should "go back and help fix the totally broken and crime infested places from which they came." Members of this group affiliated with Justice Democrats have been leading supporters of the Green New Deal. Joined by Jamaal Bowman and Cori Bush in 2020, for the point, what group of left-leaning U.S. Representatives originally consisted of Ayanna Pressley, Rashida Tlaib, Ilhan Omar, and Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez? | The Squad (prompt on "Justice Democrats"; prompt on "Democrats" or "Democratic Party") |
| In a book subtitled "Poverty and Profit in the American City," Matthew Desmond analyzed examples of this action in Milwaukee. In response to a policy related to this action, Joe Biden stated that he was hoping to "buy time" for states to distribute billions in assistance. The CDC currently has placed a freeze on this action in an attempt to limit homelessness thanks to COVID-19 moratoriums. For the point, name this process of removing someone from their home. | Eviction (accept word forms) |
| In one election, this man's opponent Carl Paladino had his campaign derailed after emails of him using racial slurs were leaked. Despite his state having the highest per capita hospitalization rate, this governor claimed "victory" in his book American Crisis. Investigations by Letitia James found that this man's administration underreported nursing home deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic. For the point, name this former governor of New York who resigned in August 2021 amid sexual misconduct allegations. | Andrew Mark Cuomo |
| This song was the British stand-in for La Marseillaise in the television show Pennyworth’s homage to Casablanca. The writer of this song sued the British National Party for using her work without permission on an album of World War Two songs. In the final episode of The Colbert Report, guests including Mike Huckabee, Cory Booker and Bill DeBlasio performed this song, which was written by Ross Parker and Hughie Charles. For the point, name this song popularized by Vera Lynn that played over the nuclear destruction scene of Dr. Strangelove. | "We’ll Meet Again" |
| In an effort to evacuate this city, the British began Operation Pitting under direction from Minister of Defense Ben Wallace. In mid-August of 2021, seven locals died attempting to fly out of this city's airport following its shutdown by the Ghani government. President Joseph Biden said the fall of this city is "not at all comparable" to the fall of Saigon during the Vietnam War. The US and NATO's withdrawal has led to the Taliban taking over, for the point, what Afghan capital? | Kabul |