| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ThisbattlefeaturedalargeNewZealandtankassaultonTelelAqqaqirduringOperationSupercharge. The losing side in this battle had recently captured Tobruk before engaging Claude Auchinleck. The arrival of Bernard Montgomery helped turn this battle into an Allied victory over the Afrika Korps. For the point, name this 1942 battle where Germany’s Erwin Rommel was defeated in Egypt. | (First and/or Second) Battle of El Alamein |
| This disease was the subject of live vaccines that were blamed for causing the AIDS pandemic in Africa. Jakob Heine and Karl Medin sometimes co-name this disease whose first oral vaccine was discovered by the Polish-American Albert Sabin. Jonas Salk is best known for his work on, for the point, what disease that famously caused Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s paralysis? | poliomyelitis (prompt on (infantile) paralysis) |
| This commodity sparked the Turbot War when security forces seized the Spanish ship Estai. The Hanseatic League maintained a monopoly on the Scania market of this commodity. This commodity was the subject of a conflict between Iceland and Great Britain, who argued over the right to obtain this food source in the North Sea. For the point, name this food commodity fought over in the Cod Wars. | fish (accept any specific type, such as cod or herring; accept seafood; prompt on food) |
| These people were forced to flee after one of their drunken troops led a raid on the Salmon River. These people were stopped by American troops at the battle of the Bear Paw Mountain by Nelson Miles, leading their chief to declare “I will fight no more forever” as their trek to Canada was thwarted. Chief Joseph led, for the point, what tribe is incorrectly named for their nose piercings? | Nez Perce (or Niimiipu) |
| This man declared “I still love New York” and “the dream shall never die” after losing the 1980 Democratic nomination to Jimmy Carter. This man drove Mary Jo Kopechne off a bridge in what became known as the Chappaquiddick incident. This man died of brain cancer in 2009. For the point, name this Massachusetts senator, the brother of an assassinated Attorney General and an assassinated President. | Edward Moore Kennedy (accept Ted Kennedy; prompt on Kennedy) |
| This conflict featured the Battle of the Chinese Farm as Ariel Sharon sought to launch a decisive canal crossing to turn the tide. The shuttle diplomacy of Henry Kissinger helped bring an end to this conflict after the Bar-Lev line had been struck in a surprise attack by Egyptian forces. For the point, name this 1973 conflict where Israel was attacked by an Arab coalition on the Day of Atonement. | Yom Kippur War (accept the Ramadan War; accept the October War; accept1973 Arab-Israeli War) |
| This battle featured the digging of Prairie Dog Village, a series of cave settlements to house civilians. This battle featured the capture of Jackson along with smaller engagements at Champion’s Hill and Port Gibson. On the 4th of July 1863, John C. Pemberton chose to surrender in this battle. For the point, Ulysses S. Grant led Union troops in capturing what fortress city on the Mississippi River? | Battle of Vicksburg |
| This man began a civil war after raiding the temple of the Vestal Virgins to secure his enemy’s will, which spoke of plans to transfer power to Egypt. Marcus Agrippa led this man’s fleets during his rise to power. He took the title of princeps, or first citizen, after defeating rival Marc Antony at the Battle of Actium. For the point, name this nephew of Julius Caesar who became first emperor of Rome. | Octavian (or Imperator Caesar Divi filius Augustus; accept Gaius Octavius Thurinus; accept Octavianus) |
| This man was often described by Muslim scholars as the “First Teacher.” This man had a son who wrote the Introduction to Arithmetic; that son, Nicomachus, partly inspired the name of a work of his on ethics. Philip II hired this man to serve as the tutor of his son Alexander the Great. Works like Metaphysics and Politics were written by, for the point, what student of Plato? | Aristotle |
| This speech warns against “formal and permanent despotism” on the “ruins of Public Liberty.” According to this speech, Americans “have the same religion, manners and habits.” Advice dispensed in this speech include a warning against the “danger of parties in the state” and a plea to avoid “permanent alliances” with Europe. For the point, name this final speech of the first president. | George Washington’s Farewell Address |
| This man’s forces fought against the army of King Alakeshvara in a war that overthrew the ruling family of Kotte. This man personally invited Mansur Shah to his home country. A surviving document from this man’s main undertakings is the Mao Kun map. This man served the Yongle emperor on a series of seven journeys in the early 1400s. For the point, name this Chinese navigator known for his sea voyages. | Zheng He |
| This man became the only major Presidential candidate to not receive any electoral votes, due to his untimely death. He led a failed attempt to oppose Ulysses S. Grant as a member of the Liberal Republican party in the Election of 1872, but is more known for his famous advice to “go west, young man” as a newspaper editor. For the point, name this editor of the New York Tribune. | Horace Greeley |
| This city was the target of a campaign that landed a coalition force at Eupatoria. This city’s captured guns were said to have been melted down for the metal used in Victoria Crosses. Following the battles of Alma and Inkerman, this city finally fell, compelling Russia to sign the 1856 Treaty of Paris with Britain and France. For the point, name this regional capital besieged for a year during the Crimean War. | Sevastopol (accept Sebastopol) |
| This person was commissioned by Count Razumovsky to compose three challenging string quartets. Archduke Rudolf was the dedicatee of his fifth and final piano concerto, nicknamed the “Emperor.” This composer’s only opera was Fidelio, and a piano bagatelle he possibly wrote to a love interest is named “Fu¨r Elise.” For the point, name this German composer who wrote the Moonlight Sonata before going deaf. | Ludwig van Beethoven (accept Ludwig von Beethoven) |
| This event was exacerbated after a letter from Anthony Benezet misinformed townspeople that black people had immunity, leading the mayor to request the aid of the Free African Society. During this event, doctor Benjamin Rush urged the usage of “purge and bleed” techniques upon jaundiced patients. For the point, name this 1793 epidemic that befell Philadelphia thanks to the presence of mosquitoes. | 1793 Philadelphia yellow fever epidemic |
| This man disbanded the government during the 11 Years’ Tyranny and refused to follow the Petition of Right, which prevented him from levying taxes without Parliamentary consent. The Cavaliers faction supported this man, though he was eventually deposed by the Roundheads of Oliver Cromwell and executed. For the point, name this king who fought the English Civil War. | Charles I of England (prompt on Charles) |
| This city was the original home of the Imperial Mint which was established in 1871. Oshio Heihachiro led a peasant rebellion in this city that, in the aftermath of the Battle of Toba-Fushimi, Tokugawa Yoshinobu fled from during the night. In the Boshin war, forces in this city defended a castle that had previously been defended by the Toyotomi in 1615. For the point, name this third largest city in Japan. | Osaka |
| ThismansucceededAbelUpshurasSecretaryofStateafterthelatterwaskilledintheUSSPrinceton explosion. In his “Exposition and Protest” this man stated that the Tariff of 1828 was unconstitutional. This man resigned as Andrew Jackson’s vice president so that he could defend the right of nullification in Congress. For the point, name this influential senator from South Carolina. | John Caldwell Calhoun |
| This object is chased by Skoll which is pulled by Arvakr and Alsvior in Norse mythology. Houyi is rewarded with a pill of immortality after shooting down nine of these objects. A god of this object is in constant conflict with the lord of chaos, Apep, who attempts to stop his journey across the sky. Ra is a god of, for the point, what celestial object often contrasted with the moon. | the Sun (prompt on star) |
| This election year included strong personal attacks against Albert Gallatin who withdrew his nomination as a result. William Crawford suffered a stroke during this year losing him support. During this election year, Henry Clay allegedly orchestrated the “Corrupt Bargain” in order to become Secretary of State. For the point, name this election year during which Andrew Jackson was defeated by John Quincy Adams. | Election of 1824 |
| This man’s son represented Aaron Burr’s second wife in their divorce proceedings, which concluded just hours before Burr died. Another of this man’s sons was shot by George Eacker, using the same pistols later used in the killing of this man. The Graham Windham orphanage was co-founded by this man’s wife. For the point, name this husband of Elizabeth Schulyer [sky-ler] and first Secretary of the Treasury. | Alexander Hamilton |
| This man was advised to promise social reforms in the October Manifesto by Sergei Witte. He was executed in Yekaterinburg so that he could not be rescued by the White Army. This man’s reputation was hurt by the undue influence the mystic Rasputin had over him, and he abdicated his throne following the October Revolutions of Vladimir Lenin. For the point, Russia was led into World War I by what final tsar? | Nicholas II (prompt on Nicholas) |
| This country was the site of a military intervention after radicals ambushed William Hicks. Winston Churchill’s book River War describes his time with the 21st Lancers in this country, where they were led by Herbert Kitchener. In this country, the Battle of Omdurman reasserted British control and ended the Mahdist revolt. For the point, name this country where Charlie Gordon died defending Khartoum. | Republic of the Sudan |
| This man selected Philander Knox as Secretary of State and began offering loans to Latin America as a form of Dollar Diplomacy. During this man’s re-election campaign, he won only Utah and Vermont since he split votes with his predecessor’s Bull Moose party. For the point, name this president who became a Supreme Court Chief Justice after leaving office and was known for his weight. | William Howard Taft |
| This structure was the site of Franz Reichelt’s death as he fell attempting to demonstrate a parachute. Guy de Maupassant criticized this structure as a “blot of ink” and a “hateful shadow” during an “Artist’s Protest” to stop production. This structure was built to serve as the gateway to the 1889 World’s Fair. For the point, name this wrought iron tower in Paris designed by Gustave. | Eiffel Tower (accept Tour Eiffel) Extra Tossups |
| This event led to the destruction of James McCune Smith’s business, the first run by a black man in the United States. The arrival of John Wool and fresh troops from Gettysburg stopped this event, which was sparked by a policy in which the rich could pay $300 commutation fee to avoid going to war. For the point, name this Civil War riot in which civilians burned cards calling them into service. | New York Draft Riots |
| This structure was constructed during Operation Rose under the direction of Walter Ulbricht. This structure’s “Checkpoint Charlie” was the site of a standoff between Soviet and American tanks. Built to keep citizens from defecting to NATO-held territories, Ronald Reagan challenged Mikhail Gorbachev to tear down this structure. For the point, name this structure that separated West and East Germany. | Berlin Wall (or the Anti-Fascist Protection Rampart) |