| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| One side's losses at this battle hinged on the breaking of the JN-25 code, as well as the critical return of a vessel they'd thought lost at the earlier Battle of the Coral Sea. This battle resulted in the destruction of four out of six Japanese carriers that had attacked Pearl Harbor, thanks primarily to the actions of the Yorktown. For the point, name this June, 1942 battle that turned the tide for the Americans in the Pacific Campaign of World War II. | Battle of Midway (accept Operation MI) |
| This man died while en route to his capital Vladimir from the Tatar city of Sarai after taking monastic vows. Crusaders of the Livonian Order were halted by this man's forces in a battle on the frozen lake Peipus, recorded as the Battle of the Ice. This Orthodox saint and Prince of Novgorod gained his name after defeating an army of Scandinavians on the Neva River. For the point, name this medieval Russian warrior whose life was dramatized in a Sergei Eisenstein film. | Alexander Nevsky |
| This emperor, who used the Mansabdari system for his military administration, established his initial capital at Fatehpur Sikri, outside of Agra. This ruler sponsored religious debates and eventually attempted to syncretize Zoroastrianism, Hinduism, and the official Islamic faith into the Din-i Ilahi movement. For the point, name this “Great” Mughal Emperor, the grandson of Babur the Tiger. | Akbar the Great (or Akbar I; accept Abu'l-Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar) |
| This character was created during the height of the Fujiwara clan's power, and his lovers include Lady Fujitsubo and his wife, Lady Aoi. This prince's name was likely inspired by an alternate title for the Minamoto clan. This man, the second son of the Emperor, dies in a blank chapter titled "Vanished Into the Clouds." For the point, name this prince who appears in a namesake "Tale" by Lady Murasaki, widely considered the first novel. | Genji (accept Tale of Genji or Genji Monogatari) |
| This figure lost her estate in New Netherland, in the modern-day Bronx, during a conflict with the Siwanoy. Governor John Vane openly defended this woman in a Puritanical civil trial that followed an accusation of Antinomianism, though this woman later fled the Massachusetts Bay colony for Roger Williams’ Providence Plantations. For the point, which early American religious reformer was a leading figure in the settlement of Rhode Island? | Anne Hutchinson |
| Masinissa fought against and later served this general, being dispatched to dethrone King Syphax. After his relatives were killed, this man was the only person to volunteer for the command in Hispania, leading to his resounding victory at Ilipa. Later, this man pulled off the "Roman Cannae" by defeating his rival at Zama. For the point, name this Roman general who invaded Africa and defeated Hannibal, ending the Second Punic War. | Scipio Africanus (or Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus) |
| Many volunteers from the “People’s Temple” of Jim Jones campaigned for this politician. Much of the Castro District rioted after the state of California gave this man's killer, Dan White, a lenient sentence. This man denounced the anti-LGBT Briggs Initiative in California, and he gave the “Hope Speech” on the anniversary of Stonewall. For the point, name this first publicly gay government official who was murdered alongside Mayor George Moscone. | Harvey Bernard Milk |
| This agency assisted in the drugging and capturing of a corrupt Nigerian politician in the Umaru Dikko affair. This group engaged in Operation Wrath of God in response to the 1972 Munich Olympics massacre, and earlier they kidnapped Adolf Eichmann in Buenos Aires in order for him to be tried and executed by the Israeli High Court. For the point, name this Israeli National Intelligence Agency. | Mossad (or The Institute; accept HaMossad leModi'in uleTafkidim Meyuhadim or The Institute for Intelligence and Special Operations) |
| To commemorate the 100th anniversary of this treaty, Lorado Taft created a sculpture called the Fountain of Time. The Duke of Wellington suggested his government ask for no territorial concessions during this treaty’s negotiations. Weeks after the signing of this treaty, Edward Pakenham's British Regulars were defeated by Andrew Jackson at the Battle of New Orleans. For the point, name this treaty that ended the War of 1812. | Treaty of Ghent |
| This composer defeated future World Chess Champion Jose Raul Capablanca in a simultaneous exhibition in 1914. This man, who died the same day as Josef Stalin, had his work Year 1941 banned by the Politburo. This composer of the Scythian Suite created a symphonic fairy tale about a Young Pioneer, Peter and the Wolf. For the point, name this Russian Soviet composer of Romeo and Juliet. | Sergei Prokofiev |
| Using the Equal Protection Clause, Nolan Breedlove challenged Georgia’s tax of this type in a 1937 Supreme Court case. States such as North Carolina instituted a Grandfather clause to exempt poor whites from this kind of tax. This type of tax was widely used in the American South to prevent black people from voting. For the point, name this tax, which was outlawed as a prerequisite for voting in the Twenty-Fourth Amendment. | Poll Tax (accept Head Tax or Capitation) |
| Aristides [[air-ris-STY-DEES]], a leader of this confederacy, forced the city of Thassos to surrender and give up their mine revenues from Mt. Pangaion [[PAN-gay-on]]. Charitimides [["carry"-tee-MY-DEES]] led a revolt in Egypt supported by this faction. This league, led by Pericles, eventually dissolved following its loss to Sparta in the Peloponnesian War. For the point, name this “League,” named for an island in the Cyclades [[SIGH-kleh- deez]], led from Athens. | Delian League (also accept Athenian League before mentioned; do not accept "Peloponnesian League") |
| While happening upon this event, Beat Poet Allen Ginsberg said “it’s about time that we did something to assert ourselves.” Sylvia Riviera has been mythologized as the person that “threw the first brick at [this event].” This event, which occurred a week after Judy Garland’s death, broke out after a woman, possibly Stormé DeLarverie, was arrested and assaulted by New York police. For the point, name this LGBTQ “riot” in 1969 at a Greenwich Village Gay bar. | Stonewall Inn Riot (accept Stonewall Uprising or Stonewall Rebellion) |
| The Magical Papyri syncretized this deity with the Hebrew Yahweh and the Egyptian Horus. In one story, after Odysseus's men eat this god’s cattle on the isle of Circe, he appeals to Zeus to use a thunderbolt to destroy one of their ships. Chares [[CARE-eez]] of Lindos depicted this deity as a Colossus holding a torch near Rhodes, his cult center. For the point, name this Hellenistic sun deity often conflated with Apollo. | Helios (or Helius) |
| During his later career, this man mathematically predicted oscillating chemical reactions. This thinker names a modern British law that retroactively renders convictions of men for homosexuality null. In "Computing Machinery and Intelligence," this man illustrated how to distinguish AI from humans in an "Imitation Game" later called his namesake “Test.” For the point, name this British Intelligence officer and pioneering computer scientist who helped crack the Enigma code. | Alan Turing |
| This politician introduced the “Stab-in-the-back myth” to the national stage, blaming “November Criminals” for signing a 20th century treaty. This partner of Erich Ludendorff renamed a victory near Allenstein to Tannenberg for propaganda purposes. This President’s 1934 death completed the “Seizure of Power” by Hitler and the Nazis. For the point, name this leading German general of World War I and final President of the Weimar Republic. | Paul Von Hindenburg |
| Although partnered with Erich von Falkenhayn [[FALL-kin-HINE]], this general failed to stop Edmund Allenby from capturing Jerusalem. This winning general at the Battle of Sakarya halted Greek plans to recover the Ionian coast. This reformer developed the Six Arrows and changed his language’s script to Latin from the previously used Perso-Arabic amalgam used by the Ottoman Empire. For the point, name this ”Father of Modern Turkey.” | Mustafa Kemal Ataturk (accept either) |
| Description Acceptable. Secretary of State William P. Rogers was left out of a meeting during this event, with the attending Winston Lord being cropped out of official photographs to avoid embarrassment. John Adams composed a semi-fictional opera recounting this event that includes a visit to the ballet to watch The Red Detachment of Women. This event began with a greeting by Premier Zhou Enlai [[JOE EN-LIE]] on a runway. For the point, name this “visit” by a sitting Republican President to a nation governed by Mao Zedong. | Richard Nixon’s State visit to the People’s Republic of China in 1972 (or Nixon in China) |
| These conflicts began when King Pelagius made a last ditch effort to save the Kingdom of Asturias at the Battle of Covadonga, leading to the death of Umayyad general Munuza. This prolonged conflict, which included the exploits of El Cid, ended after the united Crown of Castile and Aragon conquered the Emir of Granada. For the point, name this seven century-long conflict over the Iberian peninsula between Catholics and Muslims. | Reconquista (or the Reconquest) |
| This reformer championed her neighbor Amelia Bloomer’s namesake clothing innovation, and she created the Women's Loyal National League to advocate for abolition. This primary author of the Declaration of Sentiments organized a New York conference after not being allowed to speak at the World Anti-Slavery Convention. For the point, name this first-wave feminist who, with Lucretia Mott, organized the Seneca Falls Convention. | Elizabeth Cady Stanton |
| Letters on this journey found in the Libro Copiador reveal that its leader had to make a detailed report on this journey to explorer Bartholmew Dias while in Lisbon. As a result of this journey, Alexander VI issued the Bulls of Donation, which were followed shortly by the Treaty of Tordesillas. This journey led to the erection of a fort and settlement named La Navidad in modern Hispaniola, and that party first landed in San Salvador in the Bahamas. For the point, name this voyage by a Genoese explorer to the Caribbean, discovering a new continent. | Christopher Columbus’ First Voyage to the New World (accept Cristobal Colon in place of Christopher Columbus) |
| As a result of this event, McGrain v. Daugherty set a precedent allowing Congress to force a testimony. This scandal, the first to send a Cabinet member to prison, began when Robert La Folette called for investigations into Secretary of Interior Albert Fall's actions, discovering he took bribes to sell petroleum fields below their worth. For the point, name this Harding-era scandal concerning Wyoming land grants. | Teapot Dome Scandal |
| This man may have been inspired to search for the phantom island of Hy-Brasil, a legend in the port he departed from, Bristol. This explorer commanded the caravel Matthew and possibly made landfall on Cape Bonavista, in modern Newfoundland. The first Tudor monarch supported this man’s attempt to find an alternate route to China. For the point, name this Italian born, English-sponsored navigator who explored the coast of Canada. | John Cabot (or Giovanni Caboto) |
| During the second of these events, twenty thousand people flocked to hear Barton W. Stone at the Cane Ridge Meeting House in Kentucky. During one of these movements, the Millerites fell prey to the “Great Disappointment,” leading to the creation of the Seventh-day Adventist Church. During another of these movements, Jonathan Edwards gave the sermon “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God.'' For the point, name these major periods of Religious Revival in the United States. | Great Awakenings (accept First Great Awakening or Second Great Awakening) |
| After this conflict, Guillermo Endara staged a hunger strike to protest its outcome. During this conflict, chicken noises and rock n' roll were loudly played next to the Vatican City embassy during Operation Nifty Package, in hopes of smoking out a dictator charged with drug trafficking. For the point, what U.S. military action, codenamed Operation Just Cause, led to the invasion of a small Central American Country and capture of Manuel Noriega? | United States Invasion of Panama (accept Operation Just Cause before mentioned) |
| This group would be criticized by Peru’s Minister of Cultural Heritage for damaging multiple glyphs in the Nazca Lines, and it’s “Tokyo Two” members were arrested in 2008 for stealing whale meat. In 1985, French operatives on the orders of Francois Mitterrand sank this group’s trawler, Rainbow Warrior, in Auckland Harbor. For the point, name this colorfully named environmental organization known for its anti-GMO stance. | Greenpeace |
| This leader’s namesake war began shortly after negotiations at Grouseland manor failed to nullify the Treaty of Fort Wayne. Future Vice President Richard Mentor Johnson claimed to have killed this native leader at the Battle of the Thames. With his brother Tenskwatawa [[ten-SKWAH-tuh-wah]], he founded a multi-tribal settlement named Prophetstown in modern Indiana. For the point, name this Shawnee leader and ally of the British during the War of 1812. | Tecumseh |
| The Wiñay Wayna terrace estate sits on the path to this city, which is surrounded by the Urubamba River. The Intihuatana [[IN-tee-Hwa-ta-nuh]] stone measures the Winter Solstice on this site. Tupac Inca Yupanqui’s [[YOU-pan-kee]] engineers finished this project, and Hiram Bingham’s Peruvian Expedition rediscovered it in 1911. For the point, name this Peruvian archaeological site, a massive Incan citadel. | Machu Picchu |
| A massive purge of ethnic outsiders occurred during this movement’s Inner Mongolia Incident. This period led to widespread “Struggle Sessions,” where the Red Guard publicly humiliated and tortured dissidents. This period began with the Red August and involved accusations of belong to the "Five Black Categories." For the point, name this Maoist program that reasserted political control of China following the Great Leap Forward. | Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution |
| The Grimm–Hoffman affair nearly led to this nation entering World War I on the side of the Central Powers. During that conflict, this nation was the refuge for exiled Bolshevik Vladimir Lenin. On coinage, this nation uses the neutral, Latin-derived name of the Helvetic Confederation due to its differing names in French, Italian, German, and Romansh. For the point, name this mountainous European nation made up of cantons. | Switzerland (accept Swiss Confederation; also accept Helvetic Confederation or Helvetia before mentioned) |
| This leading city of the Amphictyonic [[am-FICK-tee-on-ic]] League fought four Sacred Wars, with the fourth being an attempt to halt the advance of Philip of Macedon. Named for a legendary monster, this city’s Castalian Spring was the site of the Pythian Games. A Corinthian named Spintharus built this city’s Panhellenic Temple of Apollo. For the point, name this sacred Greek city-state, known for its Oracle. | Delphi (or Pytho) |
| Rebels hired a namesake U.S. ship to run arms during a revolt against this country, with its capture leading to the Virginius affair. Communist Milton Wolf led a contingent of volunteer soldiers known as the Lincoln-Washington Battalion during this nation’s civil war. The U.S. fought a global war from the Bay of Manila to nearby Cuba against this European power. For the point, name this kingdom that sold Florida to the United States. | Kingdom of Spain (or Reino de España) Round 3 |