| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Benjamin Moore was an early business partner of this man who used Conestoga wagons to run a wholesaling business. This Quaker made the bulk of his fortune in the railroad industry before allocating $7 million in his bequest for the establishment of an orphanage, hospital, and institution that bears his name. For ten points, name this philanthropist who established a namesake university in Baltimore. | Johns Hopkins |
| After this event, one man's actions were followed by those of Márton Moyses and Evzen Plocek [[PLOH-chek]]. This event was caused by the enactment of a program during Victorious February which led to liberalization in the Action Programme, referred to as "Socialism with a human face." Jan Palach [[YAHN pah-LAHK]] immolated himself after this event. For ten points, name these 1968 reforms by Alexander Dubček [[DOOB-chek]] in Czechoslovakia. | Prague Spring (accept Pražské jaro; accept Pražská jar) |
| On June 26th, 1959, Queen Elizabeth II and Dwight D. Eisenhower attended the official opening of a waterway connecting this body of water to a larger one. In 1535, Jacques Cartier [[kar-TYEH]] became the first European explorer to traverse this river, which he named after the feast day of a martyred Catholic deacon. For ten points, name this river which forms part of the international boundary between Canada and the United States. | St. Lawrence River |
| One version of this song claims that “the old man is a-waiting to carry you.” This song claims that “the riverbank makes a very good road” and was often sung by Peg Leg Joe. The title feature of this song was another name for the Big Dipper, two of whose stars pointed to Polaris toward which a certain group would travel. Often used to guide escaped slaves northward, for ten points, what folk song was sung along the Underground Railroad? | "Follow the Drinkin' Gourd" (accept "Follow the Drinking Gourd"; prompt on partial answers) |
| This man was killed with boiling water after which he became a judge of the dead. While ruling from Knossos, this man is said to have received direct instruction from his father, Zeus, on what laws to enforce against his people. Arthur Evans took this man's name for a civilization. Every nine years, this man sent fourteen Athenian boys and girls to his labyrinth to be eaten by a bull-headed creature. For ten points, name this ancient king of Crete. | King Minos (prompt on "Minoan"; prompt on "Minotaur") |
| A case originating in this state gave rise to the “imminent lawless action” test and arose after a reporter was asked to cover a KKK rally. The Brandenburg case arose in this state which was found to be subject to the exclusionary rule. The Supreme Court ruled that prosecutors could not use evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment in, for ten points, what state, the defendant in the Mapp case? | Ohio |
| To support the Ubii [[OOH-bih-ee]] during these wars, a general built movable wooden bridges to retaliate against raiding tribes across the Rhine River. A member of the First Triumvirate recorded his victory over Vercingetorix [[ver-sin-JEH-tuh-riks]] at the Siege of Alesia during these wars. Julius Caesar wrote Commentaries on, for ten points, what set of “wars'' during which Rome conquered modern-day France? | Gallic Wars |
| This man wrote A Key into the Language of America, the first-published English- language study of Native American languages. After writing a tract criticizing King James for stealing land from the Narragansett, this man moved to Salem and served as an assistant to Samuel Skelton. Providence Plantations was founded by, for ten points, what man who, after being expelled from the Massachusetts Bay Colony, founded Rhode Island? | Roger Williams |
| One member of this family helped Winfield Scott carry out the Siege of Veracruz during the Mexican-American War before travelling aboard the “Black Ships” in an example of gunboat diplomacy. That man was the brother of a member of this family who was inspired by the last words of James Lawrence to print “Don’t Give Up the Ship” on his flag. For ten points, a commodore who was sent to Japan and the winner of the Battle of Lake Erie were both members of what family? | Perry (accept Oliver Hazard Perry; accept Matthew C (albraith) Perry) |
| Matthew Perry commanded forces in the first and second battles named for this Mexican state which also names a Mexican pepper and a hot sauce made by the McIlhenny Company in Louisiana. | Free and Sovereign State of Tabasco (or Estado Libre y Soberano de Tabasco; accept Tabasco pepper (s); accept Tabasco Sauce) |
| This man told his executioners, "Soldiers! Do your duty! Straight to the heart but spare the face. Fire!" This man was ordered to retrieve a set of forty cannons from the plains of Sablons [[sah-BLOHN]] on 13 Vendémiaire [[von-deh-MYEHR]]. Through his marriage to Caroline, this man became brother-in-law to a man who made him king of Naples. For ten points, name this admiral and marshal under Napoleon. | Joachim Murat [[joh-ah-SHAHM moo-RAH]] (be lenient on pronunciation) |
| Vendémiaire was the first month on this calendar, adopted by the National Convention in 1793. | French Republican Calendar (accept French Revolutionary Calendar; accept calendrier républicain français; accept calendrier révolutionnaire français) |
| Accusations were launched against one group in this country following the murder of Mikhail Rybachenko in its city of Dubăsari [[doo-bah-SAHD]]. The Uganda Scheme was promoted by Theodor Herzl in the aftermath of a 1903 pogrom in this country, whose city of Tiraspol [[tee-RAHS-pohl]] became part of its breakaway state of Transnistria. For ten points, name this Eastern European country which, in 2020, elected its first female president, Maia Sandu. | Republic of Moldova (or Republica Moldova) |
| After the Soviet Union dissolved, Moldova was adopted as the official name of the country. "Moldova" is taken from this language of which the Moldovan language is a dialect, spoken most widely in the nation to the southwest of Moldova. | Romanian (or Rumanian; or Română) |
| Findings by this man led to a series of failed inoculations at the behest of Leonard Wood. This man built on Carlos Finlay’s idea that direct contact was not the cause of one disease, and this American showed that swamp-ridden paths taken by enlisted soldiers correlated with incidence of a disease which affected many working on the Panama Canal. For ten points, name this doctor who verified that mosquitoes transmitted yellow fever. | Walter Reed |
| In addition to studying yellow fever, Reed was appointed chairman of an 1898 committee which investigated an epidemic of this disease. An Irish immigrant nicknamed for this disease was released from custody after giving up her occupation as a cook. | Typhoid fever (accept Typhoid Mary Mallon; do not accept or prompt on "Typhus") |
| A member of this family drew a self portrait titled Pumpkinhead - Self-Portrait, which is based on his father's Trodden Weed portrait. This family worked in Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania, and included a painter who created 247 studies of Helga Testorf. Howard Pyle trained a member of this family, who illustrated Treasure Island and was named N.C. For ten points, name this family which included the painter of Christina's World, Andrew. | Wyeth (accept Andrew Wyeth, N.C. Wyeth, or Jamie Wyeth) |
| This celebrated cartoonist was an admirer of Andrew Wyeth. In one series of panels, this Peanuts creator depicted Snoopy losing a Van Gogh when his dog house burned down but replacing the piece with a Wyeth. | Charles M (onroe) "Sparky" Schulz |
| The killing of Turanshah is often seen as the de facto end of this dynasty’s reign, after which it was nominally headed by a puppet of Aybak. This dynasty came to power following the death of Nur al-Din of the Zengids, and its founder signed the Treaty of Jaffa to end a campaign that included fighting at Arsuf and the Horns of Hattin. The Third Crusade was fought by, for ten points, what Islamic dynasty led by Saladin? | Ayyubid dynasty (accept Ayyubids) |
| Saladin spent most of his life and died in this city, the Ayyubid capital at the turn of the 13th century, one of the oldest cities in the world which served as the Aramean capital some 2300 years earlier. | Damascus |
| Thurlow Weed headed a political group named for this man’s “House," which was the first luxury hotel in the U.S. Fort George was a trading post renamed for this man who is considered the U.S.'s first multi-millionaire. Making his initial fortune along the Pacific Coast selling pelts of a fashionable animal and smuggling opium into China, for ten points, who was this early-American tycoon? | John Jacob Astor |
| Astor moved to the U.S. after the Revolutionary War, spending the first sixteen years of his life in Walldorf, which is today the home of the software company, SAP. In what modern nation is Walldorf found? | Federal Republic of Germany (accept Bundesrepublik Deutschland) |
| A chronicle by Raphael Holinshed led to the belief that this battle was fought at Ambion Hill. The Duke of Norfolk and the Earl of Northumberland commanded two of the three groups on one side in this battle, at which the Stanleys assisted the eventual winner. The Plantagenet dynasty’s rule of England ended with the death of the Yorkist king at, for ten points, what 1485 battle during the Wars of the Roses? | Battle of Bosworth Field |
| A precursor to the Plantagenet dynasty was this house of French origin which ruled England and consisted of Henry II, John, and Richard the Lionheart. | Angevins (prompt on House of "Anjou") |
| War ended by the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo which began following the annexation of Texas. | Mexican-American War (or Intervención Estadounidense en México) |
| President of Mexico who lost half of Mexico's territory, beginning with the Texas Revolution. | Antonio López de Santa Anna |
| War in which the Texas 36th Infantry fought in the battles of Salerno and Monte Cassino. | World War Two (accept WW2; accept Second World War) |
| Decisive battle of the Texas Revolution, won by Sam Houston's troops in 18 minutes. | Battle of San Jacinto |
| Native American tribe that fought with the Texas Rangers and were led by Quanah Parker in the Red River War. | Comanche (accept Comancheria; accept Numunuu; accept Kwahadi) |
| 1826-27 Rebellion led by Haden Edwards, the first attempt by Anglo settlers to secede from Mexico. | Fredonian Rebellion |
| German chancellor who organized the conference. | Otto von Bismarck |
| Non-European power which aimed to protect the autonomy of Liberia. | United States of America (accept America or U.S.A.) |
| King who hoped to secure territory for Belgium in Central Africa. | King Leopold II |
| Nation on a namesake channel that was connected to Angola in Portugal's "Pink Map." | Mozambique |
| Independent Boer republic which, with the Transvaal, was later conquered by the British. | Orange Free State (or Oranje Vrijstaat; or OVS) |
| Sudanese state which collapsed after a British victory at Omdurman. | Mahdist State (accept Mahdist Sudan or Sudanese Mahdiyya) |
| Peninsula that was annexed by Russia in 2014 from Ukraine. | Crimean Peninsula (accept Krim) |
| Collective name for the three countries which are the only former Soviet republics to join NATO. | Baltic States (accept Baltics; accept "Countries," "Nations," or "Republics" in place of "States") |
| Caucasus region that declared de facto independence from Russia and established the Islamic republic of Ichkeria. | Chechnya (accept Chechen Republic) |
| Autonomous republic within Georgia which was occupied in 2008 against a treaty signed by Eduard Shevardnadze. | Republic of Abkhazia (or Respublika Abkhaziya) |
| Country that faced July 2020 protests after the death of national hero, Polad Hashimov. | Republic of Azerbaijan (accept Azerbaycan Respublikasi) |
| Region governed from Tskhinvali [[CHEEN-vah-lee]] that attempted secession in 2008 despite Russian intervention. | Republic of South Ossetia - the State of Alania |
| A member of this dynasty murdered Drevlians at a feast with flaming sparrows. This dynasty's last ruler was called the "Bellringer," and its members included Saints (+) Boris and Gleb. Izyaslav [[eez-YAH-slahv]], Svyatoslav [[svee-AHT- oh-slahv]], and Vsevolod [[vuh-SEH-vuh-lud]] were three heads of this dynasty after Yaroslav the Wise of (*) Kiev died. Ruling the Rus, for ten points, what Russian dynasty preceded the Romanovs? | Rurikid Dynasty (accept Rurikids) |
| In a dissent in this case, one Justice claimed that the central entity was “not simply another 'idea' or 'point of view' competing for recognition in the marketplace of ideas.” The defendant in this case was a member of the Revolutionary Communist (+) Youth Brigade who engaged in the central action during the 1984 Republican National Convention (*) protests. For ten points, name this Supreme Court case which overturned laws against the burning of the American flag. | Texas v. Gregory Lee Johnson (prompt on partial answer) |
| This man was the first person of Asian descent to win a Nobel Prize, and this man was inspired by a trip along the Mediterranean to investigate the blue color of the sea. This man once destroyed a Bharat Ratna medallion given to him by Prime Minister (+) Nehru in protest of the latter’s policies. This man's best known discovery involved the behavior of photons passing through (*) transparent material. For ten points, name this Indian physicist who names a type of scattering. | C.V. Raman (or Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman; accept Raman scattering; accept Raman effect) |
| Happy Chandler was open to his league working with teams and leagues with this status, but Kennesaw Mountain Landis (+) had earlier prevented it. Leagues with this status featured star players including Judy Johnson, Oscar Charleston, and Josh Gibson. (*) For ten points, what status was shared by a variety of leagues that began to lose popularity and influence after the Brooklyn Dodgers brought Jackie Robinson to baseball's Major Leagues? | Negro league (s) baseball (accept descriptive answers indicating baseball teams or leagues with only Black players or players of African descent) |
| In this territory in 2020, the first woman and first person of African heritage was appointed governor when Queen Elizabeth named Rena Lalgie to the role. After St. John’s and Jamestown, this territory’s town of St. (+) George’s was considered the earliest successful British-American settlement. Compass (*) difficulties legendarily plague ships travelling in a region named for, for ten points, what British Overseas territory in the Atlantic? | Islands of Bermuda (or The Somers Isles) |
| During this offensive, which began with the Battle of Amiens, the Allies broke through the Hindenburg line after the Battle of St. Quentin Canal. This event reversed (+) German gains from the Spring Offensive and forced them to retreat behind the Rhine. The last soldier to die during this offensive was Henry Gunther (*) who died one minute before the armistice. For ten points, name this series of Allied offensives which ended World War One and is named for its length. | Hundred Days Offensive (accept Grand Offensive before "length") |
| This man was succeeded as governor by William Stephens and Henry Parker. This man attacked Thomas Bambridge, the warden of Fleet Prison, as the head of the Gaols [[JAILS]] Committee. This man banned rum and slavery in his (+) colony and focused the economy on wine and silk. This man defeated a Spanish invasion at the Battle of Bloody Marsh. (*) Establishing a colony as a debtors' haven, for ten points, what planner of Savannah founded the colony of Georgia? | James Oglethorpe |
| This politician introduced the Council of Four Hundred, and a law passed by this man forced exile upon any person who killed another citizen, whether or not it was intentional. This statesman instituted a law forcing (+) debtors into slavery in a Greek city-state, and his name has become synonymous with the term for (*) “harsh punishment." For ten points, name this Athenian politician, the first to pass a set of comprehensive laws in Greece. | Dracon |
| Many languages in a family named for this culture share words like kava, a plant traditionally ground or pounded. This culture’s site of Mata o le Alelo is where (+) Sina fell in love with an eel which once held the title of Tui Viti. Using a magical hook made of ancestor bones, a trickster figure of these people raised an (*) archipelago. For ten points, name this culture of the Pacific whose divine figures include Maui and Pele. | Polynesians (accept more specific cultures like Hawaiians, Tahitians, or Samoans]) |
| This divorced American woman, later styled the Duchess of Windsor, became part of an English scandal when King Edward VIII abdicated his throne to marry her in 1936. | Wallis Simpson (accept Wallis, Duchess of Windsor) |