| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| This paper published the Clifford Berryman cartoon of Teddy Roosevelt saving a young cub's life, leading to the creation of the Teddy Bear. This paper, whose most recent slogan is “Democracy Dies in Darkness,” was one of the first to use the term "McCarthyism” as seen in a cartoon by Herblock. This paper published the piece written by Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein that exposed Watergate. For the point, name this newspaper which is printed in the U.S. capital. | Washington Post (accept WaPo; prompt on "The Post") |
| During this period, a merchant named Kuzma Minin organized a volunteer army to expel the foreign forces of Sigismund III. A Poland-Lithuania invasion coincided with the coronation of one of this period’s “False Dmitrys.” After the death of Feodor, the stable rule of former regent-turned-tsar, Boris Godunov, ended this period. For the point, name this chaotic period in Russian history which led to the rise of the Romanovs. | The Time of Troubles (accept Smuta; accept Smutnoe vremya; prompt on "16th century" or "17th century") |
| One location on this route became known as “Fort Sacrifice” due to the number of unnecessary items which were discarded there. Fort Hall is on this "trail," which was used in Marcus Whitman’s “Great Migration.” The eastern part of this path was also used by people traveling on the Mormon Trail and the California Trail. For the point, name this path between Independence, Missouri, and its namesake northwestern state. | Oregon Trail |
| An Assyrian king of this name built the fortress capital of Dur-Sharrukin [[duhr shah-ROO-kin]] and sacked the oldest Canaanite kingdom, Ashdod. The first king of this name came to power after an ill omen from Inanna prophesied the fall of the Kish king, Ur- Zababa. That king of this name is said to have conquered all of the Fertile Crescent, the first to do so, according to the Babylonian Chronicle of Early Kings. For the point, give this name of the founder of the Akkadian empire. | Sargon (accept Sargon of Akkad; accept Sargon the Great; accept Sargon II of Assyria) |
| Most of the air force supporting this event departed from Homestead Air Force Base. This event involved personnel largely from the Democratic Revolutionary Front who first landed on a beachhead known as Playa Girón. Pressure from international leaders led President Kennedy to withhold widespread air support for U.S. allies in this invasion. For the point, name this failed 1961 toppling of the Castro regime, backed by the CIA. | Bay of Pigs Invasion (or Invasión de bahía de Cochinos; accept Playa Girón Invasion or Batalla de Girón before mentioned) |
| This man explained the use of the Apostles' Creed in his Enchiridion. This former Manichaeist [[man-ih-KEE-ist]] converted to Christianity after hearing the African Ponticianus [[pon-tik-ee-AH-noos]] preach about the life of Anthony of the Desert. This man wrote a proof to explain why Rome was sacked while worshipping both pagan gods and the Christian God. For the point, name this Bishop of Hippo, the writer of City of God and Confessions. | Saint Augustine of Hippo |
| Leonard Wood led this unit under former Confederate general Joseph Wheeler at the battle of Las Guasimas. In the book Foes of Our Own Household, a former politician said Woodrow Wilson authorized him to revive this unit for the American entrance into World War One. In a battle described as “a bully fight," this unit charged up Kettle Hill, supported by U.S. Gatling guns outside of Santiago de Cuba. For the point, name this force organized and led by Theodore Roosevelt. | Rough Riders (or 1st United States Volunteer Cavalry) |
| A fermented sauce named garum made from this natural resource was sometimes mixed with wine according to Pliny the Elder. The poet Oppian wrote a treatise named Halieutika [[hah-lee-YOU-tih-kuh]] about traps used to yield this good. In the ancient world, the trident was used to skewer these creatures to avoid them returning to the water. For the point, name this protein source often caught with nets. | Fish (accept answers indicating fishing) |
| The Duke of Provence [[pro-VONCE]], Marontus, allowed the loser of this battle to garrison in his city of Avignon [[ah-vee-NYOHN]] in an attempt to assert independence. After losing at Bordeaux, Odo the Great reorganized his army and broke the Cordovan [[kohr-DOH-vahn]] camp at this battle. General Abd al-Rahman [[ROK-mahn]] died at this battle while attempting to rally his troops who were fleeing from the Franks. For the point, name this 732 victory by Charles Martel over the Umayyad Caliphate. | Battle of Tours (accept Battle of Poitiers; accept Battle of the Highway of the Martyrs) |
| The Nawayath sultan, Jamal-ud-Din, protected this figure after a cyclone sunk his fleet. This man’s visit to the Swahili Coast yielded an in-depth description of the construction of the coral stone mosque of Kilwa. This man’s travels began with a hajj and culminated in this Muslim traveler’s visit to the court of Beijing late in the Yuan Dynasty. For the point, name this Berber scholar who travelled ten times farther than Marco Polo. | Ibn Battuta |
| This figure’s name became the colloquial word for a complimentary theatre ticket due to the holes punched through them. This figure sued William Randolph Hearst after he ran a false headline saying she picked up a cocaine habit on the road. This member of the Buffalo Bill Wild West Show had her life adapted in a play whose title says [this woman] “Gets Her Gun.” For the point, name this woman who legendarily shot the ashes off of the kaiser's cigarette. | Annie Oakley |
| Henry Nelson O'Neil painted soldiers departing for this conflict in his work titled Eastward, Ho!. This rebellion may have occurred due to rumors that lard from pigs was being used in Enfield rifles. Sikh royalty supporting the forces of the British East India Company proved crucial in this conflict which culminated in the capture of Delhi. For the point, name this 1857 “Mutiny” of Indian soldiers. | Sepoy Mutiny (accept Indian Rebellion of 1857 before mentioned; accept Indian Mutiny before mentioned; accept Revolt of 1857 before mentioned; accept Indian Insurrection before mentioned; accept First War of Independence; accept the [a]Great Rebellion[a/]) |
| This leader of La Causa was jailed for “contempt of court,” leading to visits by Coretta Scott King and Ethel Kennedy. This man used the slogan “Si se puede” in the mid 1970s, later borrowed by the Obama campaign. This man received criticism for his “purges” of the organization he led, the United Farm Workers. For the point, name this Mexican- American activist who led a strike of grape pickers in California. | César Chávez |
| During this dynasty, statesman Ouyang Xiu [[OH-YAHNG SHOO]] helped curb the resurgence of Buddhism in favor of Confucian tradition. Scholars of this dynasty compiled the Complete Essentials for the Military Classics, describing ships with trebuchets [[TREB- yoo-shays]] and early grenades. The “Southern” period of this dynasty began when the Jurchen [[JEHR-chen]] dynasty known as the Jin seized the northern half of China. For the point, name this dynasty which fell prey to the Mongol Yuan Dynasty. | Song Dynasty (or Song chao) |
| This institution’s boy band had a touch of stardom in 1921 when twelve-year old Benny Goodman, a child of Jewish immigrants, played with them. While attending Lake Forest Academy, future Secretary of Labor Frances Perkins volunteered at this institution to help improve literacy. This settlement house in the Near West Side had the first public baths and playgrounds in Chicago. For the point, name this institution which assisted European immigrants, co-founded by Jane Addams. | Hull House |
| John of Ephesus reported that this monarch’s policies single-handedly converted the Heruli tribe and that he extinguished the Cult of Isis. During the Ostrogothic Campaign, this monarch elevated Narses in rank over the victor at Ad Decimum and Tricamerum. This emperor sent Belisarius to the Vandalic Kingdom, beginning this man’s effort to recreate a united Roman Empire. For the point, name this “Great” Byzantine emperor of the 6th century. | Justinian I, the Great |
| In this city, Dutch engineer Cornelis Johannes van Doorn assisted in the construction of the Lake Biwa Canal. The “Order to Expel Barbarians” given by Emperor Komei led to the Imperial Palace Gate incident in which much of this city was burned in 1864. U.S. Secretary of State Henry Stimson refused to drop an atomic bomb on this city due to its historical importance. For the point, name this former seat of the Emperor of Japan. | Kyoto City (or Kyoto-shi) |
| Prior to the outbreak of this war, Sir Henry Bartle Frere intentionally cut off communication lines with the Colonial Office to fan the flames of war. The Natal [[nah- TAHL]] Native Horse along with forty regulars kept off 4,000 attackers at this war’s Battle of Rorke’s Drift. This war began with an ultimatum sent to King Cetshwayo, who later led his forces in a victory at the Battle of Isandlwana. For the point, name this colonial African war, a conquest by the British over the historic tribe of Shaka. | Anglo-Zulu War |
| This Hungarian-born publisher supported Samuel Tilden in his race against Rutherford B. Hayes. This man, who personally recruited Nellie Bly, hosted a cartoon in his paper that became the source of the term “Yellow Journalism.” This rival of William Randolph Hearst used his paper, the New York World, to tip the 1884 election in favor of Grover Cleveland. For the point, name this newspaper publisher who made provisions in his will to create a selection of namesake American literary prizes. | Joseph Pulitzer |
| Chief Massasoit gave an ultimatum to kill this figure, but one settlement refused to kill this man, their translator. This Native American learned English after he was captured by Thomas Hunt and taken to Europe, later returning to the Americas to find his tribe decimated. Governor William Bradford relied on this man to alleviate food shortages in his settlement. For the point, name this Patuxet Tribe member who assisted the Pilgrims of Plymouth. | Squanto (or Tisquantum) |
| In this country, Evelyn [[EEV-lin]] Baring declared a “State of Emergency" which was followed by mass arrests by the Egypt-based Lancashire Fusiliers in Operation Jock Scott. The White Highlands, formerly Maasai grazing grounds, were expropriated during a rebellion in this country. The KANU party was founded in this country by a prominent leader of the Mau Mau Uprising. For the point, name this African country whose first president was Jomo Kenyatta. | Republic of Kenya (accept British Kenya or Kenya Colony) |
| During this movement, one man recruited the Free City of Strasbourg to assist his Protestant states in the First Kappel War. That man wrote a treatise titled A Refutation targeting Balthasar Hubmaier and his followers, the Anabaptists during this movement. In the Marburg Colloquy, leaders of this movement including Ulrich Zwingli came to an agreement on most points but disagreed on the presence of Christ in the Eucharist. For the point, name this movement whose most prominent leader was Martin Luther. | Protestant Reformation (do not accept or prompt on “counter-reformation”) |
| When this musical opened on Broadway in 1957, it marked the debut of lyricist Stephen Sondheim, and the Tony for Best Choreography went to Jerome Robbins for this work. Natalie Wood controversially donned brownface in the 1961 film version of this musical, for which Rita Moreno became the first Latina actress to win an Oscar. For the point, name this retelling of Romeo and Juliet which includes a feud between the white Jets and the Puerto Rican Sharks. | West Side Story |
| This event was commemorated by an Albert Weinert-designed monument which today stands in a cemetery in the Forest Park suburb. In that cemetery are buried four men who were executed as conspirators in this event, including August Spies [[SPEES]] and George Engel. This riot, which led to the first celebration of May Day, broke out when either anarchists or Pinkertons threw a homemade bomb into a crowd. For the point, name these 1887 riots in a Chicago square. | Haymarket Affair (accept Haymarket Square riot (s); accept "Massacre" or "Riot" in place of "Affair") |
| This member of the Fascist Party had his personal yacht, Elettra, outfitted into a warship by the occupying Nazis. On the request of Pope Pius XI, this person set up the Vatican broadcasting radio station, and his company built a high-powered transmitting station in Cornwall after he successfully transmitted a signal to Newfoundland. For the point, name this winner of the 1909 Nobel Prize in Physics, an Italian inventor considered the “Father of the Radio." | Guglielmo Marconi |
| This act was the impetus to create the Republican Party and led Senator Thomas Hart Benton to declare, "What is the excuse for all this turmoil and mischief?” after it led to interstate violence. This act led to the introduction of the “Popular Sovereignty” doctrine, allowing new states to vote on whether or not they wanted slavery, and was written by Stephen Douglas. For the point, name this omnibus piece of legislation named for two Great Plains states. | Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 |
| An ill-fated journey to this region by Helgi and Finnbogi was funded by a woman named Freydis. Bishop Erik Gnupsson attempted to reach this land in 1121 and never returned to Iceland after his voyage. Raids by a proto-Inuit people known as Skrælings [[SKRAY-lings]] likely led to the abandonment of this region’s historical site, L'Anse aux Meadows [[LAHNS oh meh-DOH]]. For the point, name this region of modern Newfoundland, the site of an 11th century Viking settlement. | Vin (e)land (accept Win (e)land, prompt on "Newfoundland" or "New Brunswick" before mentioned; anti-prompt on "L'Anse aux Meadows" before mentioned) |
| This U.S.-born politician wrote a memoir titled Friends, Voters, Countrymen about his successful campaign to become the MP from Henley. In 2016, this man compared the E.U. to the Roman Empire, Napoleon, and Hitler to demonize the stance of European integration. In April 2020, this world leader was treated for symptoms of COVID-19 in London. For the point, name this mayor of London, elected Prime Minister of the U.K. in 2019. | Boris Johnson |
| This man attempted to return to his homeland via the Norwegian liner SS Kristianiafjord [[kris-TYA-nya-fyord]], but was captured by the British who put him in an internment camp. This man fled Norway after the rise of the Nasjonal [[nah-shuh-NAHL]] Samling of Vidkun Quisling and took up residence with Diego Rivera. This one-time leader of the Red Army was one of the seven men originally on the Soviet Politburo. For the point, name this Bolshevik who was killed by agents of Stalin in Mexico. | Leon Trotsky (or Lev Bronstein) |
| The Treaty of Cahuenga [[kah-HWENG-ah]] was a predecessor to this treaty, signed in-part by prominent rancher Andrés Pico. This treaty’s chief negotiator, Nicholas Trist, had been ordered to return home but defied that order and negotiated a treaty that accomplished the aims of James Polk. Moving Texas’s disputed border to the Rio Grande, for the point, what is this treaty which resolved the Mexican-American War? | Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (or Treaty of Peace, Friendship, Limits and Settlement between the United States and the Mexican Republic) |
| An epic written by someone of this faith known as The Ocean of Sorrow chronicles a religious leader's martyrdom at the Battle of Karbala. ISIS forces committed the Camp Spiecher [[SPEE-kehr]] Massacre in 2014, killing nearly 2,000 recruits of this faith in Iraq. Saladin’s invasion and incorporation of Egypt led to the collapse of this sect’s dynasty, the Fatimids. For the point, name this sect of Islam, often posed in opposition to Sunni Islam. | Shia Islam (or Shi'ism; accept Shi'is or Shi'ites; prompt on “Islam”) |
| The Veronese [[vehr-oh-NAY-say]] Easter coincided with the 1797 dissolution of this state by Revolutionary France and Austria in the Treaty of Campo Formio. The Ottomans and this power fought an 18th century war over Morea [[mohr-AY-ah]] on the Peloponnesian peninsula. The sacking of Constantinople during the Fourth Crusade was facilitated by this republic's Doge, Enrico Dandolo. For the point, name this “Most Serene Republic” in northeastern Italy with an extensive network of canals. | The Most Serene Republic of Venice (accept Venetian Republic; accept La Serenissima; accept Repubblica di Venezia or Repubblica Veneta) |