| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| This group traces its roots to a 1966 conference held by SESKOAD, whose members' study and travel were funded by the Ford Foundation. Military officers who opposed this group's policies included Ali Sadikin and Ibnu Sutowo. The only member of this group to serve in the post- (+) 1997 Reform Era was Widjojo Nitisastro. Often compared to Pinochet’s Chicago Boys, this group advised the New Order. (*) For the points, name this group of economists who advised Suharto and are named for a Bay Area university. | Berkeley Mafia |
| The 1851 Supreme Court Case Strader v. Graham used this clause to recognize the authority of the Northwest Ordinance regarding slavery, laying the groundwork for the Dred Scott decision. This clause, which was proposed by (+) Edmund Randolph, is immediately followed by the Supremacy Clause. Article Six, Clause One of the US Constitution is, (*) for the points, what clause which states that all federal debts under the Articles of Confederation remain valid under the Constitution? | Engagements Clause (accept Article Six, Clause One before read) |
| This person described congressional districts as being composed of four “concentric circles” in a study of legislative campaigns. This person coined the term “soaking and poking” to describe a combination of interviewing and directly observing the behavior of members of Congress. A (+) paradox named for this main refers to the idea that Congress is unpopular while individual members (*) overwhelmingly succeed in winning re-election. For the points, name this author of the book Home Style and Congressmen in Committees. | Richard Fenno |
| This statistical method analyzes individuals' binary choices to create normally-distributed utility functions that can be plotted on a two-dimensional chart. Keith Poole and Howard Rosenthal developed this multidimensional (+) scaling method, one type of which relies on roll-call votes and has a y-axis based on regional and social issues. American political polarization has increased when measured by, (*) for the points, what statistical method whose "DW" type measures political ideology? | NOMINATE (or Nominal Three-Step Estimation; accept DW-NOMINATE) |
| This practice was the subject of the case Milliken v. Bradley in Detroit. This practice was ruled constitutional in the Supreme Court case Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education, and Kamala Harris attacked (+) Joe Biden's historical opposition to this practice during the 2020 Democratic Primary. Ted Kennedy was criticized for sending his children to private school while supporting, (*) for the points, what practice in which students of different races were transported outside of their neighborhoods to desegregate schools? | Desegregation Busing (accept clear-knowledge equivalents) |
| An 1870 cartoon supporting this party, whose support declined after the Danville Massacre, displays a wedge splitting the Solid South saying: "Death to Bourbonism." William E. Cameron served one term as a governor from this party, which was founded by (+) railroad executive and US Senator William Mahone [[may-HOHN]]. Aiming to “break the power of wealth and established privilege” during Reconstruction, (*) for the points, what was this short-lived Virginia party of the 1870s? | Readjuster Party |
| After running a chimney sweeping business in his youth, this man befriended Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer at Stanford Business School. In an upset, this man defeated sitting Attorney General Wayne Stenehjem [[STEN-jem]] (+) in a primary in his first run for public office. To appeal to voters "hurt by Bidenflation," this man's campaign began offering $20 gift cards to anyone who made at least a $1 campaign donation. (*) For the points, name this former candidate for the 2024 Republican Presidential nomination, a businessman-turned Governor of North Dakota. | Doug Burgum (or Douglas James Burgum) |
| This legal concept of English common law was stated by historian Arianne Chernock to have never applied in Scotland. The application of this law in the US made it unclear if women were committing treason if they (+) married a foreign national. Because of this concept, women could not enter into contracts without their husbands’ consent or own property in their own names. Effectively made null by several late 19th century (*) Property Laws, for the points, what is this concept by which a wife’s legal identity was subsumed by her husband’s? | Couverture (accept Coverture; accept feme covert; accept femme covert) |
| This man authored a piece of legislation mandating that all federal buildings be accessible to disabled people, and the Library of Congress estimates that more of this man’s bills became law than any other Congressperson in history. (+) This man broke with political ally Ernest Gruening in the Senate race of 1968 by expressing his support for Mike Gravel, who defeated Gruening in the Democratic primary. Defeating R. E. Robertson in the election of 1958, (*) for the points, who was Alaska’s other first senator after statehood, the predecessor of Ted Stevens? | Bob Bartlett (or Edward Lewis Bartlett) |
| JJ McRoach was one of the earliest candidates from one of these organizations in the 1970s, running for an Australian Senate seat in Victoria. Ale Yarok is one of the most prominent one of these organizations in Israel but has failed to meet the representation threshold for the Knesset [[kuh-nes- set]]. (+) One of these organizations achieved major party status in Minnesota after Michael Ford got over five percent of the vote in the 2018 Auditor race. (*) For the point, name these largely single-issue organizations whose flags and logos tend to feature seven leaves. | legal marijuana parties (accept word forms and clear-knowledge equivalents; accept synonyms for marijuana; prompt on partial or less-specific answers) |
| This person’s attendance at the 35th G8 summit was interrupted due to the 2009 Ürümqi [[ur- RUM-chee]] riots, and he helped develop the Scientific Outlook on Development. This man promoted the concept of a "Harmonious Society," which has been likened to New (+) Confucianism. This man dealt with a 2003 SARS outbreak by firing Zhang Wenkang, and in late 2022 this man made international headlines for being pulled from his chair by two men in suits during the 20th (*) National Congress. For ten points, name this man who was China's president before Xi Jinping. | Hu Jintao |
| This party's first official contest saw its candidate and founder get 97 votes in the 1983 Bermondsey by-election. Since 1999, this party has been led by former Ashburton mayor Howling Laud Hope who came in last in the (+) "Fastest Political Party" challenge on a 2003 episode of Top Gear. Rather than going "hard" or "soft", this party has advocated for an "al dente Brexit" since 2016. (*) For the points, name this satirical minor party in the United Kingdom, founded in by the late musician Screaming Lord Sutch. | Official Monster Raving Loony Party (or OMRLP; prompt on partial answers) |
| Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham coined this term in a 1993 book about Black women’s movements in the early 20th Century. Ta-Nahisi Coates described this perspective as “the inability to look into the cold dark void of history” in an article criticizing (+) Charles Barkley. This perspective is associated with the Pound Cake Speech and earlier comments made about dress by Bill Cosby. (*) For the points, name this term used to critique the idea that members of a marginalized group should change behaviors to achieve success. | respectability politics |
| According to the 19th century Nuttall Encyclopedia this phrase is used to describe "mutual praise by authors of each other's work" in academia. Davy Crockett may have been the first person to use this term on the House floor, and it is called (+) "Waffle-Iron politics" in Belgium. In The Theory of Property Rights, Ronald Coase theorized that American legislators were incentivized to perform this action as transactional costs are low. (*) For the points, give this example of a legislative quid pro quo, where members will support another person's legislation in exchange for support of their own. | logrolling (accept word forms) |
| In the case Novak v. City of Parma, this man wrote a unanimous opinion stating that a satirical Facebook page called "We no crime" could be interpreted as impersonating a police officer. This man was the first federal judge of (+) South Asian descent. After Shri Srnivasan, this man was the second Indian-American judge appointed to the U.S. Court of Appeals, as well as Donald Trump's (*) second judicial appointment after Neil Gorsuch. For the points, name this Indian-American attorney floated by Donald Trump as a potential Supreme Court nominee. | Amul Thapar (or Amul Roger Thapar) |
| This term was first coined by architect Daniel Parolek, who cited examples of California bungalow courts and Massachusetts "triple deckers." Some potential solutions to this concept include the use of form-based-codes, as well as the authorization of (+) fourplexes and duplexes. In 2023, the Arlington County Board of Supervisors approved zoning changes that would reduce this concept but were sued by a homeowner's group. (*) For the points, give this term to describe the general lack of medium-density zoning for housing in most American cities. | missing middle housing |
| In 2008, this principal officer was targeted by gunmen in Peshawar, after which she was given the Secretary's Award for Heroism. Bob Menendez and Ed Markey led congressional questioning before this woman was made ambassador to (+) Armenia, and this woman formerly acted as deputy chief of mission in Ashgabat. On the retirement of John Sullivan, this woman was sworn into a new role, where she serves from the (*) Spaso House. For the points, name this current U.S. ambassador to Russia. | Lynne M. Tracy |
| Due to his son being a student at the Virginia Military Institute, this man recused himself from the case that ruled that the school's males-only admission policy was unconstitutional. A ProPublica Report described Miami Dolphins owner (+) H. Wayne Huizenga as this man's "first billionaire benefactor,” an accusation which has also been leveled at Club for Growth founder Harlan Crow. (*) For the points, name this conservative African-American Supreme Court justice known for his silence during oral arguments. | Clarence Thomas |
| In an essay for Slate, this man controversially claimed that judges did not need to study the history or implementation of the constitution. This man criticized laissez-faire economics' impact on the Great Recession in (+) A Failure of Capitalism. This man argued for reforming American laws regarding sexuality in the book Sex and Reason. This author of Economic Analysis of Law is the most cited legal scholar in history. (*) For the points, name this retired Seventh Circuit Court Judge, a leading figure in the Law and Economics Movement. | Richard Posner |
| This party was founded in 1967 due to dissatisfaction with a Republican boycott of a referendum. Current members of this party, whose logo features a blue palm tree, include Resident Commissioner Jenniffer (+) González and Governor Pedro Pierluisi. A previous governor who was the son of another governor from this party, Ricardo Rosselló [[roh-SAY-oh]], resigned in 2019 due to the Telegramgate Scandal. (*) For the points, name this rival of the Popular Democratic Party that traditionally has advocated for Puerto Rican statehood. | New Progressive Party (or Partido Nuevo Progresista; or PNP) |
| This party experienced a resurgence in popularity after a prime minister from a rival party's Őszöd [[oss-SHOD]] Speech was leaked to the press. Since 2006, this party has run in every election on a ticket with the KDNP, or the (+) Christian Democratic People's Party. Along with the Law and Justice Party of Poland, this party was the center of a 2019 Politico piece called The New Communists. (*) For the points, name this governing Euroskeptic, right-wing party of Victor Orban in Hungary. | Fidesz [[FEE-desh]] – Hungarian Civic Alliance (or Fidesz – Magyar Polgári Szövetség) |
| One version of this theory claims that any independent agency such as the Federal Reserve is unconstitutional. William Barr’s endorsement of the strong form of this theory (+) prompted Tamsin Shaw to call him the “Carl Schmitt of our time.” This theory is based on a broad reading of Article Two and holds that the presidency can only be restricted by Congress with (*) censure, impeachment, or constitutional amendment. For the points, name this constitutional law theory that holds the President has complete authority over a branch of government. | Unitary executive (accept imperial presidency) |
| The father of this person was known as "the Sinn Féin Rabbi" for his fluency in Irish. With Michael Fox, and Ya'akov Ne'eman this person co-founded one of the largest Israeli law firms. This man claimed that a certain document was "devoid of any moral or legal value" in a (+) 1978 speech, and after that speech, this man took a copy of the aforementioned United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3379 and ripped it in half. Holding his highest post while men like Yitzhak (*) Rabin and Menachem Begin [[meh-NAH-kem BEH-gin]] served as prime minister, for the points, who was this Israeli president from 1983 to 1993? | Chaim Herzog |
| This country was the site of a 2000 coup where George Speight took the cabinet of Mahendra Chaudhry hostage. This country was suspended from the Commonwealth of Nations and Pacific Islands Forum over a (+) 2009 crisis involving President Josefa Iloilo. Sitiveni Rabuka currently leads this country, whose light-blue flag was proposed to be changed to remove the Union Jack by its former prime minister, Frank (*) Bainimarama [[BYE-ne-mah-RAH-mah]]. For the points, name this Oceanian country known for its large Indian minority. | Republic of Fiji (or Matanitu ko Viti) |
| The ruling in the 1872 case Low v. Austin would establish this clause's "original package doctrine" which would guide its interpretation for over a century. This clause's interpretation would later change due to the 1976 ruling in (+) Michelin Tire Corp. v. Wages. In the 1869 case Woodruff v. Parham, the Supreme Court ruled that this clause only applied when dealing with foreign countries and not (*) other states. For the points, give this name for Article One, Section 10, clause 2 that bans states from issuing tariffs without the consent of Congress. | Import-Export Clause (accept Article One, Section 10, clause 2 before read; do not accept or prompt on "Export" or "Export Clause" alone) |
| Bill Mauldin won two Pulitzer Prizes while working for this publication, where he debuted the stock characters Willie and Joe. During World War Two, Andy Rooney Reported for this publication from London, and Shel Silverstein produced cartoons for its (+) Pacific edition. This publication traces its routes to the Civil War when multiple Illinois Regiments camping in Bloomfield, Missouri began publishing their experiences. This publication is notably editorially independent from the Department of (*) Defense through an ombudsman. For the points, name this daily newspaper of the US Armed Forces. | Stars and Stripes |
| Since 2020, this organization has been led by former Polish Tourism Minister Witold Bańka. This organization issued the 97-page McClaren Report on one country's activities, which was the subject of the documentary Icarus. (+) One commission led by a former president of this organization, Dick Pound, accused Vitaly Mutko of cover-ups involving urine samples at the (*) Sochi Olympics. For the points, name this Canadian-based international organization that aims to monitor and advocate against the use of drugs in sporting activities. | World Anti-Doping Agency (or WADA; or Agence mondiale antidopage; AMA) |
| This man was the highest ranking of six officials criminally charged by Spanish judge Baltasar Garzón, and he was targeted alongside Jay Bybee and John Yoo. This man was replaced by Michael Mukasey due to his controversial (+) dismissal of attorneys like Paul K. Charlton and Todd Graves. This man, who succeeded John Ashcroft in his post, is the highest-ranking Hispanic-American in the executive branch in history. (*) For the points, name this man who served as George W. Bush's second attorney general. | Alberto Gonzales |
| Walter Wallman was the only CDU member to lead this state in a period of SPD dominance from 1945 to 1999, however, the SPD has not led this state since then. This state's most recent election saw The Left party co-led by Elisabeth Kula lose all its seats, while a leader of a (+) far-right party in this state said a coalition with the ruling CDU was "only a matter of time." Led by Minister- President Boris Rhein, (*) for the points, what is this German state where the AfD notably overperformed in 2018 and 2023 to become the second largest party in the Landtag, based in Wiesbaden. | Hesse [[HEH-suh]] or Hessen or Hessia |
| Despite campaigning for the New Democratic Party as a teenager, this figure's views shifted after reading The Gulag Archipelago. As a speechwriter for George W. Bush, this man coined the term "Axis of Evil" for the 2002 State of the Union Address. (+) This man was dismissed from the American Enterprise Institute for a blog post that called the passage of the Affordable Care Act a "Waterloo" for Republicans. Known for his intense criticism of Donald Trump, (*) for the points, who is this Canadian- American senior editor of The Atlantic and commentator on MSNBC? | David Jeffrey Frum |
| While running on a ticket with Gary King, this person lost a bid to become their state's Lieutenant Governor. In July 2022, this official broke their left fibula while hiking in Shenandoah National Park. Melanie Stansbury (+) won a special election to fill the seat vacated by this member of the Lagna Pueblo tribe. A former Congresswoman from New Mexico, (*) for the points, who is this first Native American cabinet member, the Secretary of the Interior since 2021? | Deb Haaland (or Debra Anne Haaland) |
| The most recent election in this province left Dougald Lamont as the only Liberal member of its legislature. Heather Stefanson, the MLA for Tuxedo, served as Health Minister in this province, eventually rising to become its first (+) female Premier after the retirement of Brian Pallister. This province elected NDP leader Wab Kinew of the Onigaming First Nation in October 2023. (*) For the points, name this province, the first in Canada to have a fully indigenous premier? | Manitoba |
| In an interview for The Hill, this person said they were denied for an apartment in DC due to bad credit as they “ran up a lot of debt running for Congress for a year and a half.” After the collapse of (+) FTX, this politician, who succeeded Madison Cawthorn as Baby of the House, announced they would donate money from Sam Bankman-Fried's PAC to the Zebra Coalition. (*) For the points, name this first and to-date, only member of Generation Z serving in Congress, a progressive Democrat, representing Florida's 10th District. | Maxwell Alejandro Frost |
| In 2020, a former employee of this agency, Stanley Weber, received five consecutive life sentences for multiple offenses against children. One Trump appointee to lead this agency, Robert Weaver, withdrew from consideration after a Wall Street Journal article questioned his (+) qualifications. Since September 2022, this agency has been led by Roselyn Tso, a member of the Navajo Nation. (*) For the points, name this agency within the Department of Health and Human Services tasked to provide services to Alaska Natives and federally recognized tribes. | Indian Health Service (or IHS) |
| The case South Dakota v. Dole found that this amendment did not bar Congress' spending power to allocate federal highway funds. This amendment is the only one to have (+) been approved via state ratifying conventions, partly due to fears that state legislatures were influenced by the (*) a particular lobby. This amendment invalidated the Volstead Act. For the points, name this amendment which repealed the 18th amendment, ending Prohibition. | Twenty-First Amendment (or Amendment Twenty-One; accept Amendment XXI) |
| A humorous definition for these things in the New Hacker's Dictionary described it as an acronym partially meaning "aggregate debris." Some of the earliest mentions of these things occur on multiple 1930s patents for the Teletype Corporation. These items were at the (+) center of the butterfly ballot which was approved by Theresa LePore. Coming in “dimpled” and “hanging” varieties (*) for the points, what are these remnants of hole punched paper that were at the center of a ballot controversy during the 2000 Florida recount? | chads (accept specific kinds) |