| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Description Acceptable. The Valladolid [vah-yah-doe-LEED] debate discussed the ethics of converting people to Catholicism as part of performing this action. People performing this action in the Americas and the Philippines were rewarded with natives who were forced to do labor as part of the Encomienda system. The Treaty of Tordesillas [tor-day-SEE-yahs] allowed Spain to perform this action west of a set line. For the point, name this action, the seizing of land from native populations. | European colonization (accept word equivalents for colonization; accept European imperialism, European settlement and equivalents) |
| The winning side of this war was, according to Emile Mola, aided by a “fifth column” of sympathetic civilians. The German Condor Legion aided on side in this war by bombing the Basque town of Guernica. This war ended a Republic established by the abdication of Alphonso XIII. The fascist Francisco Franco rose to power in, for the point, what 1930s Civil War for control of cities like Madrid? | Spanish Civil War (accept Guerra Civil Espanola) |
| This man’s Secretary of State, Lewis Cass, resigned due to this man’s perceived failure to protect Southern interests. In one election, this man defeated incumbent Franklin Pierce. This President adopted his niece Harriet Lane, who often hosted White House events as this man was a bachelor. The failure to prevent the Civil War is a common criticism of, for the point, what 15th President of the United States? | James Buchanan |
| This scientist feuded with Antoine B´echamp over their theories on fermentation. Jean-Joseph-Henri Toussaint provided bacteria samples that this man used to promote his own anthrax vaccine over Toussaint’s. This man’s ethics were called into question after he demonstrated his rabies vaccine on a youngboy.Forthepoint,namethisFrenchscientist,whosenamesakeprocessisusedtokillmicroorganisms in milk. | Louis Pasteur |
| This state was the subject of an “exposition and protest” which rejected the Tari↵ of Abominations and began the Nullification Crisis. The first Vice President to resign, John C. Calhoun, was from this state. P.G.T. Beauregard attacked a fort in this state under the command of Robert Anderson, a move which sparked the Civil War. Fort Sumter is located in, for the point, what state’s city of Charleston? | South Carolina |
| This country was the site of the largest naval battle in World War II which took place in its Leyte Gulf. The Bataan Death March occurred in this country after a successful 1942 Japanese invasion. Douglas MacArthur was forced to retreat from this island nation but promised “I shall return.” For the point, name this Asian island nation where Japanese forces captured Manila. | Republic of the Philippines |
| This man’s feud with Nicholas Biddle led to the veto of the Second Bank of the United States. In response to the decision of Worcester v. Georgia, this man may have declared “Marshall has made his decision; now let him enforce it.” This President signed the Indian Removal Act into law which paved the way for the Trail of Tears. For the point, name this seventh President of the United States. | Andrew Jackson |
| This philosopher spent three years in Mieza, and described amphiboly in his Sophistical Refutations, a section of a work compiled by the Peripatetics from his lectures. This philosopher described eudaimonia in a work titled for his son. The Organon, Poetics, and Nicomachean Ethics compile the teachings of, for the point, what Greek philosopher, a teacher of Alexander the Great and student of Plato? | Aristotle |
| This site’s Aubrey holes may have contained standing timbers arranged in a circle. A quarry near Marlborough Downs was used to construct this monument located on the Salisbury Plain. William Stukeley helped popularize the belief that this site was a Druidic center of worship. For the point, name this English prehistoric monument in which standing rocks form a circle. | Stonehenge |
| This policy was opposed and thwarted by “blind tigers.” Wayne Wheeler wrote the Volstead Act, which established this policy in January 1920, a year after it was enshrined in the Constitution by the 18th Amendment; Wheeler led the Anti-Saloon League. The 21st Amendment later ended, for the point, what early 20th century policy that restricted the use of “intoxicating liquors” in the US? | Prohibition (prompt on temperance; prompt on descriptive answers related to “banning alcohol”) |
| One of these natural disasters destroyed the ship Apung 1, which has since been transformed into a tourist attraction. In 2004, one of these disasters heavily damaged Aceh, Indonesia on Boxing Day. The deadliest modern example of these disasters resulted in over 230,000 deaths in areas surrounding the Indian Ocean. Underwater earthquakes cause, for the point, what disasters where large tides cause damage? | tsunami (prompt on earthquakes until it is read) |
| ThismanledtheGrandEmbassy,alengthydiplomaticmissionmeanttostrengthentheHolyLeague. Swedish superiority in Eastern Europe was challenged by this man’s country in the Great Northern War. This leader built a new capital on the Neva River as a “window to the west.” A beard tax on the boyars was implemented by, for the point, what “Great” westernizing Tsar of Russia? | Peter the Great (accept Peter I; prompt on Peter) |
| This case’s evidence included an experiment where Kenneth Clark asked children to choose between two dolls. This case’s decision was supposed to be carried out with “all deliberate speed.” Thurgood Marshall argued this case before the Supreme Court, which ruled that the policy of “separate but equal” was unfair. For the point, what 1954 case overturned Plessy v. Ferguson and integrated schools? | Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka |
| The Red Guard movement started in a middle school in this city. This city was put under high alert while hosting the 2008 Summer Olympics due to the threat of attacks after crackdowns in Tibet and Xinjiang. A mausoleum in this city contains the preserved body of Mao Zedong. This city contains Tienanmen Square whose northern end contains one of many entrances to its Forbidden Palace. For the point, name this capital of China. | Beijing (accept Peking) |
| This man formed the Confederation of the Rhine after defeating Austria and Russia at the Battle of Austerlitz. After being exiled to Elba, this man regained power during the Hundred Days. The Duke of Wellington led British troops against this man during his final defeat at the Battle of Waterloo. For the point, name this founder of the First French Empire, a general known for his short stature. | Napoleon Bonaparte (accept either underlined name) |
| This battle took place one day after the start of the Aleutian Island campaign. The Yorktown was sunk during this battle after an attack by the I-168. During this battle, the Japanese lost the Akagi, Kaga, Soryu, and Hiryu, four carriers that had previously attacked Pearl Harbor. For the point, name this turning point of the Pacific theater, a 1942 carrier battle. | Battle of Midway |
| William Eddy tried to murder Lewis Keseberg for committing this crime. Two Miwok men, Luis and Salvador, refused to do this to Patrick Dolan during a snowshoe expedition near Truckee Lake. On Supernatural, Sam and Dean use Anasazi symbols to protect against someone who had become a wendigo by committing this crime. The Donner party notoriously committed, for the point, what desperate action, in which a person eats another person? | cannibalism (accept word forms like cannibalizing; accept descriptions of eating a person, with both underlined parts required, until “eats” is read; prompt on “murder” or “killing”) |
| This man led the federal response to the Great Mississippi Flood as Calvin Coolidge’s Secretary of Commerce. The disastrous Smoot-Hawley Tari↵ was passed during this man’s administration. During a period of economic downturn, armadillos were labeled “this man’s” hogs and shantytowns were branded “this man” villes. Franklin Roosevelt succeeded, for the point, what President who failed to counter the Great Depression? | Herbert Hoover |
| In this city, rulers would drop a ring into a nearby body of water on Ascension Day as part of the Marriage of the Sea ceremony. Doges ruled this city until its conquest by Napoleon. The Rialto Bridge and St. Mark’s Cathedral are located in this rival of Genoa which maintained a trading empire in the Adriatic sea. For the point, name this Most Serene Republic, an Italian city known for its canals. | Venice |
| This man led the Pottawatomie Massacre in response to the Sacking of Lawrence as part of “Bleeding Kansas.” Forces under Robert E. Lee captured this man whose subsequent hanging in Virginia inspired the song “This man’s” body. This man dubbed Harriet Tubman a General after she agreed to help him attack a federal armory in Virginia. For the point, name this abolitionist who led a raid on Harpers Ferry. | John Brown |
| J.M.W. Turner set a painting at this location that depicts an enormous black cloud to show the title Snow Storm. The names “Karolus Magnus” and “Hannibal” are inscribed on rocks in the lower left of another painting set at this location. That painting depicts a yellow cloak wrapped around the namesake French general. Jacques-Louis David painted an equestrian portrait of Napoleon crossing, for the point, what mountain range? | the Alps (accept Great St. Bernard Pass; accept Napoleon Crossing the Alps) |
| During this event, Elliot Richardson resigned rather than fire Archibald Cox as part of the Saturday Night Massacre. Mark Felt helped expose this event by secretly providing information to Carl Bernstein and Bob Woodward. The Committee to Re-Elect the President was caught bugging the headquarters of the DNC during this event. For the point, name this 1972 scandal that brought down Richard Nixon. | Watergate (accept Saturday Night Massacre before it is read) |
| A leader of this country gave the Jewel Voice Broadcast announcing his country’s surrender in one war. After a war with China, this country seized control of Taiwan and Korea. This country was the site of the only wartime uses of the atomic bomb which targeted the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Hirohito led, for the point, what country that helped spark World War II by attacking Pearl Harbor? | Japan (accept Nihon-koku; accept Nippon-koku) |
| This lawyer defended Sam Houston in his trial for attacking William Stanbery with a cane. When this man negotiated prisoner releases as a guest on the HMS Tonnant, he was prevented from leaving the ship due to British attack plans against Baltimore; the result of that attack inspired this man to write the poem “Defence of Fort McHenry.” For the point, name this man whose poem became “The Star-Spangled Banner.” | Francis Scott Key |
| In this city, civilians would exile citizens by placing black glass shards into a stone jar. A leader of this city may have died after su↵ocating on cloaks thrown by his admirers and was known for his harsh laws. Draco led this city, which under Pericles entered a golden age that included the construction of the Parthenon. For the point, name this rival of Sparta, a Greek city-state known for its democracy. | Athens |
| This system include the Tea Horse Route as well as a pass through the Karakorum desert. Stops called caravanserais allowed merchants to rest along this route. Buddhism spread from India to East Asia as a result of this route. This route was used by the Roman Empire to exchange stained glass with the Han dynasty. For the point, name this route used by China to trade a namesake good created by “worms.” | the Silk Road |
| In the prelude to this event, one man said “this meeting can do no more to save the country.” Governor Hutchinson’s refusal to allow the Dartmouth to leave port sparked this event. During this event, members of the Sons of Liberty may have dressed up as Mohawk warriors. For the point, name this 1773 event in which American colonists threw chests of a central good into Boston Harbor. | Boston Tea Party (accept just Tea Party after “Boston” is read) |
| According to Japanese legend, a koi fish that jumps over a certain gate can turn into one of these creatures. In Chinese mythology, these creatures provide rain and are depicted with long slender bodies, in comparison to their Western counterparts. In British legend, one of these creatures was killed by St. George. For the point, name these monsters, often depicted as flying lizards that breathe fire. | dragons accept Chinese dragons |
| This company operated a military production facility at Willow Run and a plant at River Rouge that was the world’s largest factory at its opening. In 1914, this company attracted workers by o↵ering a revolutionary $5-per-day wage. The assembly line was key to the success of, for the point, what Detroit-based company that sold millions of Model T’s in the early 20th century? | Ford Motor Company |
| This man was supported by Erich Ludendor↵ in the failed Beer Hall Putsch. This man claimed that “lebensraum”, or living space, was necessary for the survival of the German people in his memoir Mein Kampf. In 1933, this man was appointed chancellor by Paul von Hindenburg, marking the beginning of the Third Reich. For the point, name this leader of Nazi Germany. | Adolf Hitler Extra Tossups |
| This man led the decoy party that lured US soldiers into the Fetterman Massacre. This husband of Black Shawl was honored at the 1877 “Last Sun Dance,” shortly after he moved to Fort Robinson in surrender. This man’s forces won the Battle of the Rosebud, delaying George Crook from joining George Custer. For the point, name this Lakota warrior who fought alongside Sitting Bull at the Battle of the Little Bighorn. | Crazy Horse (accept Thasunke Witko) |
| This country’s Generation 40 politicians tried to create reforms within its ruling ZANU-PF party, but were largely ousted from that party in November 2017, shortly after this country’s Defence Forces, the ZDF, took over broadcasting facilities in its capital. Emmerson Mnangagwa replaced Robert Mugabe as leader of, for the point, what African country where a 2017 coup took place in Harare? | Zimbabwe |