| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| This scientist disputed Christoph Scheiner's claims in the Apelles letters by claiming his observations took place first in the Letters on Sunspots. This man may have depicted (+) Pope Urban VIII as the dimwitted "Simplicio" in his Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems, and was widely held to have muttered "And yet it (*) moves" after publicly recanting his theories. For ten points, name this Italian scientist who was found guilty of heresy for promoting heliocentrism. | Galileo Galilei (or Galileo di Vincenzo Bonaiuti de' Galilei; accept either underlined portion) |
| Which Russian Tsar developed the repressive oprichnina state policing system and accidentally murdered his son during a dispute? | Ivan the Terrible (or Ivan Grozny; accept Ivan IV Vasilyevich; accept Ivan the Fearsome; or Ivan the Formidable) |
| Shortly after a petition presaging this movement was adopted at the Sign of the Green Tree Tavern, its supporters attacked Robin Johnson at Pigeon Creek. A satire about "Jersey (+) Blue" militiamen is the origin for the nickname of the force that put down this movement, the Watermelon Army. President Washington (*) rode out to personally supervise this rebellion's suppression. For ten points, name this early 1790s revolt in Western Pennsylvania that arose after a federal excise tax was placed on liquor. | Whiskey Rebellion (accept "Revolt" or "Insurrection" for "Rebellion") |
| Mao Zedong was opposed by a "Gang of" this many people, led by his wife? A "Big" group of this many heads of states met at the Versailles Peace Conference. | Four (accept Gang of Four; or Big Four) |
| This man repeated the exhortation "let them come" to the location of a speech four times, after outlining groups such as those who "don't understand...what is the great issue." This orator posited that "today, in the (+) world of freedom," a new phrase is the equivalent of the ancient "civis Romanus sum." This man stated "you live in a defended island of freedom" and included a phrase which a later myth falsely claimed was confused for a claim to be a (*) jelly doughnut. For ten points, the "Ich bin ein Berliner" speech was given in West Berlin by what U.S. President? | John F (itzgerald) Kennedy, Sr. (accept JFK; prompt on "Kennedy") |
| This French author accompanied Napoleon on his Italian campaign and later described the fallout from the French Revolutionary Wars in his novels The Red and the Black and The Charterhouse of Parma. | Stendahl (accept Marie-Henri Beyle) |
| An 18.4 cent federal tax on a commonly sold commodity unit creates the "trust fund" named for these things. E.J. Mehring promoted the expansion of these things, which are depicted on the Pershing (+) Map. A threat to withhold federal funding for these things was used to implement the nationwide 21-year-old drinking age in the (*) 1980s. For ten points, name these public goods that, after seeing the German Autobahn, Dwight Eisenhower promoted as part of an "interstate" system. | Highways (accept Interstate highways; prompt on "roads"; prompt on "Interstate (s)") |
| A 1961 standoff occurred just after the creation of the Berlin Wall at which major crossing between East and West Berlin? | Checkpoint Charlie (accept Checkpoint C; prompt on "C") |
| This city was embroiled in several lawsuits over the failure to build ramps connecting its streets to major bridges in the Gateway Project. An attempt to build a new (+) bridge out of this American city was long opposed by Manuel Moroun, who privately owned another bridge from this city that comprises the busiest U.S.-Canada (*) border crossing. For ten points, name this American city on one end of bridges named MacArthur, Ambassador, and Gordie Howe, also known for being the headquarters of Chrysler, GM, and Ford. | Detroit |
| The Rapa Nui people populate which Pacific island where observers noted a widespread toppling of certain distinctive statues following its 1770 visit by the Spanish? | Easter Island (accept the Isla de Pascua) |
| Actor Peter Falk was recruited by this country’s government to tell its citizens that the government was not hoarding episodes of the TV show Columbo. One leader of this country outlined his ideas in the “July (+) Theses” and banned contraception and abortion with Decree 770. This country was the only Warsaw Pact member that did not boycott the 1984 Summer (*) Olympics. For ten points, name this nation whose dictator, Nicolae Ceaușescu [[chow-SHESS-koo]] was executed on Christmas Day, 1989. | Romania (accept Socialist Republic of Romania; or Republica Socialistă România) |
| Nasser was succeeded by which president who was assassinated in 1981 for signing the Camp David Accords with Israel? | Anwar Sadat (or Muhammad Anwar el-Sadat) |
| This man joined the Artaman League youth group, part of the Völkisch [[FUHL- kish]] movement, which influenced this leader to found the Ahnerbe [[AHN-ehr-buh]] (+) occult research center. This man, who appointed Reinhard Heydrich [[HAI-drik]] to one position, organized the Einsatzgruppen [[INE-zats-GROO-pen]] death squads and ordered the expansion of sites like (*) Treblinka and Auschwitz. For ten points, name this leader of the Nazi SS and primary architect of the Holocaust. | Heinrich Himmler (or Heinrich Luitpold Himmler) |
| The House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha renamed itself during World War One to which name, considered more palatably English? It is the current royal house of the United Kingdom. | House of Windsor (accept House of Mountbatten-Windsor) |
| Zhang Zeduan [[ZEH-DWAHN]] was patronized by this dynasty’s royal family to paint landscapes in the shan shui style. This dynasty (+) outfitted its warships with a traction trebuchet which launched early explosives, proving vital during the Battle of Caishi [[KYE-SHEE]] on the Yangtze River. The encroachment of the “Great Jin,” a rival power composed of a Jurchen noble class, led to this dynasty’s “Southern” period. The Mongol (*) Yuan Dynasty overthrew, for ten points, which Chinese dynasty which ruled from the 10th to 13th century? | Song Dynasty (or Sòng cháo; accept Southern or Northern Song) |
| Despite growing up in New York speaking Dutch as a first language, this African American civil rights activist's most famous speech was rewritten with a Southern accent and made famous as "Ain't I a Woman?" | Sojourner Truth (or Isabella Baumfree) |
| 46 years after the northern part of this people's territory was invaded by the Rus under Sviatoslov, Nikephoros Xiphias engineered a major defeat of this people following the end of the (+) Krum dynasty. This people's Tsar Samuel died two months after the disastrous Battle of Kleidion, where 99% of their surviving soldiers were (*) blinded. For ten points, name this Balkan people whose army was destroyed by Byzantine emperor Basil II, who became known as the "slayer" of them. | Bulgars (accept Bulgarians) |
| Which decrypted telegram explicitly offered Mexico territorial concessions if it entered into an alliance with Germany against the United States in World War One? | Zimmerman Telegram (or Zimmerman Note) |
| A revolt against a holder of this title began after the queen Kassi was isolated and targeted a man who hosted Ibn Battuta. A holder of this title named Mohammed ibn (+) Gao was said to have disappeared while attempting to sail across the Atlantic Ocean. The first holder of this title, who won the Battle of Kirina against Sumanguru, was Sundiata Keita. Later holders of this title reigned from (*) Timbuktu. For ten points, give this title for the emperors of Mali, which was held in the early 14th century by Musa I. | Mansa (accept Mansa Musa; or Mansa Sundiata Keita; Mansa Mohammed Ibn Gao) |
| Which son of King Edward III captured John II of France at the Battle of Poitiers [[pwah-TYEH]] and was the most successful English commander of the Hundred Years' War before dying of dysentery at Westminster Palace? | Edward, the Black Prince (or Edward of Woodstock; prompt on "Edward, Prince of Wales" or "Prince Edward") |