| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| This explorer, whose son was baptized by Olaf Tryggvason, later built an estate at Brattahlid near present-day Narsarsuaq [[NAR-sar-swahk]]. This man, who established the first settlement in Greenland, had a son who discovered Vinland. For the point, name this father of Leif Erikson who is named for the color of his hair. | Erik the Red (accept Erik Thorvaldsson; prompt on "Erik" or "Red") |
| This message was intercepted by British intelligence and deciphered by its “Room 40” codebreakers. This highly publicized message was intended for Heinrich von Eckardt, the German ambassador to Mexico and detailed a proposed wartime alliance between Germany and Mexico. For the point, name this "Telegram" which prompted Woodrow Wilson to ask Congress for a declaration for the U.S. to enter World War One. | Zimmerman Telegram (accept "Note" or "Cable" in place of "Telegram") |
| This figure’s political philosophy was published in a three-part series titled The Governance of [His Nation] where he once served as Chairman of the Central Military Commission. This figure hoped to increase his country’s involvement in Africa with the Belt and Road Program and promoted the “One Country, Two Systems” approach with Taiwan. For the point, name this General Secretary who was elected president of China in 2013. | Xi Jinping (accept Xi Dada; prompt on "Jinping") |
| In 1926, this man was appointed the leader of a joint Franco-Spanish effort in the Rif War against the Berbers of Morocco. This man led France’s forces in a ten-month long World War One battle in 1916, earning him the nickname “The Lion of Verdun.” For the point, name this man who led Vichy France from 1940 to1942, working closely with Nazi Germany. | Philippe Pétain (or Henri Philippe Benoni Omer Pétain; accept Marshal Pétain; prompt on "The Old Marshal" or "The Lion of Verdun") |
| This holiday is followed by the Ten Days of Repentance, during which the Avinu Malkeinu prayer is recited. This holiday's tashlikh [[tahsh-LEEK]] ceremony involves throwing bread crumbs into a body of water. The first of the High Holy Days is, for the point, what Jewish New Year's celebration? | Rosh Hashanah (or Yom Teruah; prompt on "New Year" or "Jewish New Year" before mentioned) |
| This athlete began his professional career in Indianapolis and received a major promotion when Bobby Thomson suffered a broken ankle. An action by Al Downing led to this athlete’s best-known accomplishment, which Vin Scully called “a marvelous moment for Atlanta and the state of Georgia.” For the point, who was this man, nicknamed “The Hammer," who broke Babe Ruth’s career home run record? | Hank Aaron (or Henry Louis Aaron; prompt on "The Hammer" or "Hammerin' Hank") |
| This event took place on the Susquehanna [[suh-skweh-HAH-nuh]] River and was caused by a malfunctioning pilot-operated relief valve. Activists Jane Fonda and Tom Hayden visited the site of this event as the start of an anti-nuclear energy tour. For the point, name this 1979 partial meltdown of a reactor at a nuclear power plant in Pennsylvania. | Three Mile Island Accident (accept clear-knowledge equivalents for "accident") |
| This politician wrote that the Mexican-American War would produce “some military chieftain who will conquer all of us” before his son died in the Battle of Buena Vista. This politician was one of the loudest advocates of the American System as Speaker of the House and helped negotiate the Treaty of Ghent. For the point, name this “Great Compromiser,” one of the “Great Triumvirate” with Daniel Webster and John C. Calhoun. | Henry Clay, Sr. |
| This area contains the William Behnes sculpture of Henry Havelock, and this area's South Africa House was the site of frequent anti-apartheid protests. This place was the location of the 1990 Poll Tax Riots as well as Bloody Sunday in 1886. For the point, name this square in London whose centerpiece includes Nelson's Column, honoring the victor of this square's namesake 1805 battle? | Trafalgar Square (accept Battle of Trafalgar) |
| In his memoirs, this man related that his noteworthy middle name stemmed from his father’s admiration of a Shawnee chief. When Ulysses S. Grant was elected president, this man succeeded him as Commanding General of the Army. For the point, name this Union Army major general who led a March to the Sea from Atlanta to Savannah, Georgia, in 1864. | William T (ecumseh) Sherman |
| Wynton Kelly played this instrument on the track "Freddie Freeloader.” This instrument of Art Tatum was played by the composer of "Straight, No Chaser" and "Round Midnight," as well as a Billy Strayhorn collaborator whose orchestra often performed "Take the 'A' Train." For the point, name this instrument that was played by Thelonious Monk and Duke Ellington. | Piano (or Pianoforte) |
| A 1792 Act authorized these forces to be called "whenever the laws of the United States shall be opposed." Debate surrounds what "well regulated" means regarding these forces in the Second Amendment. For the point, name these forces which consisted of "all able-bodied male citizens" in Colonial America. | Militias (accept Well Regulated Militia) |
| This person’s doctoral dissertation about the Congress of Vienna was published as A World Restored in 1957. Pursuing a policy of realpolitik, this man ignored Pakistani atrocities so as to retain Pakistan’s help in negotiations with China. For the point, name this German- born American who was honored with a Nobel Peace Prize in 1973 for ending the Vietnam War. | Henry Kissinger (or Henry Alfred Kissinger; or Heinz Alfred Kissinger) |
| This city, which during Roman times was called Aquincum [[ah-KWEEN-koom]], was the main site of a 1956 revolution that led to the execution of Imre Nagy [[EEM-reh NAHZH]]. The construction of a chain bridge unified this city by connecting two separate cities on opposite sides of the Danube River. For the point, name this capital city, the site of major unrest during the Hungarian Revolution. | Budapest |
| In 1981, this country's first road connection to Saudi Arabia was established with the construction of the King Fahd Causeway. In 2011, the iconic Pearl Roundabout was removed following massive protests in this country led by a Shia Muslim majority. For the point, name the smallest Gulf Cooperation Council member, an island nation governed from Manama. | Bahrain (or Kingdom of Bahrain; Mamlakat al Bahrayn) |
| In one book, this philosopher described "hylo-morphism" in which "being" is composed of matter and form, and this philosopher claimed that the best life was characterized by individual flourishing, or "eudemonia" [[yoo-deh-MOH-nee-ah]]. A founder of the peripatetic school, this is, for the point, what tutor of Alexander the Great? | Aristotle (or Aristotles) |
| In 1969, this country was led by Fidel Sanchez Hernandez in a brief conflict known as the 100 Hour War. This country’s invasion of Honduras during that event, also known as the Football War, quickly ended following intervention by the Organization of American States. For the point, name the smallest Central American country by area, governed from San Salvador. | El Salvador (or Republic of El Salvador; or Republica de El Salvador) |
| A colony that centered around this city was exchanged for Suriname in the Treaty of Breda. The one-legged Peter Stuyvesant [[STY-veh-sunt]] was the last governor of this city, and a palisade around this city was built on the future site of Wall Street. For the poins a, name this Dutch city that was the capital of the colony of New Netherland. | New Amsterdam (accept New York City) |
| A god of this aspect killed the food goddess Ukemochi [[ooh-keh-MOH-chee]] after she disgusted him by pulling rice and millet from her nose and ears. That god of this domain, Tsukiyomi [[tsoo-kee-YOH-mee]], is never seen at the same time as Amaterasu [[ah-mah-teh- RAH-soo]] due to that murder, explaining a certain natural phenomenon. For the point, name this celestial object represented by Luna among the Roman gods. | Earth's Moon (accept Luna before mentioned; accept answers such as Moonlight or Moonlit nights before "celestial object" is mentioned) |
| Born in what is now the capital of Macedonia, this founder of the Missionaries of Charity won the Jewel of India and was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by Ronald Reagan. At age 36, this woman responded to her calling and gained Indian citizenship five years later. For the point, name this woman, the "Saint of Calcutta." | Mother Teresa (or Mary Teresa Bojaxhiu; or Anjezë Gonxhe Bojaxhiu; or Saint Teresa of Calcutta) |
| Viewing this man as a champion of their liberties, New England’s Cheshire Baptists gave him a 1200-pound “Mammoth Cheese.” As governor of Virginia, this man wrote a detailed response to a survey from a French statesman. For the point, name this president who launched the Corps of Discovery and promoted the Louisiana Purchase. | Thomas Jefferson |
| The Short Hair Act was included as part of this region's Gabo Reforms, which were passed after the assassination of the empress. Taejo [[TAY-joh]] founded a dynasty in this region later ruled by the creator of the Hangul alphabet, Sejong the Great. For the point, name this East Asian region which was ruled by the Joseon dynasty and whose capitals included Kaesong and Seoul. | Korea (accept Korean Peninsula; accept Joseon; accept Goryeo; accept Gabo Reforms before mentioned; do not accept or prompt on "North Korea" or "South Korea") |
| One traveler in this country wrote about King Harsha's court in Great Tang Records on the Western Region. The monk Xuanzang [[SHOO-AHN-ZAHNG]] wrote extensively of his travels in this country, which one explorer reached after feuding with Muslim merchants in Calicut. For the point, name this South Asian country first reached by sea by Vasco da Gama. | India (accept Republic of India; accept Bharatiya Gaṇarajya) |
| This man became a member of the Politburo in 1980 after earlier serving in the Central Committee’s Secretariat of Agriculture. This man began a policy of economic and political restructuring known as perestroika and followed that with a policy of “openness” called glasnost. For the point, name this man, the final leader of the Soviet Union. | Mikhail Gorbachev (or Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev) |
| One of this man’s first acts as president was authorizing the CIA to overthrow Mohammad Mosaddegh in Iran. This man authorized Operation Blue Bat to stabilize the democracy of Lebanon, leading to this man’s namesake doctrine, penned by John Foster Dulles. For the point, name this president of the United States, who previously served as a five-star General of the Army. | Dwight Eisenhower (or Dwight David Eisenhower; accept Eisenhower Doctrine) |
| Donald Rumsfeld moved to his first cabinet position after a “Massacre” on this holiday that shook up the Ford administration. Irish immigrants forwent a tradition involving turnips on this holiday, replacing them with a local product. For the point, name this holiday celebrated on the last day of October. | Halloween (accept Halloween Massacre) |
| In the Catholic and Orthodox version of this book, the title figure reveals that the priests of Bel are eating food supposedly offered to an idol. This book, which also contains the story of Susanna and the Elders, features a vision of the four beasts, including a four winged leopard. For the point, name this Old Testament book, whose title prophet is thrown into the lion's den? | Book of Daniel |