| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| This initiative was an alternative to a course of action proposed by Secretary of the Treasury Henry Morgenthau. In this initiative, the United States invested $13 billion in Western Europe, with more funds being disbursed to countries who had fought with the Allies in World War Two. For the point, name this aid policy formally known as the European Recovery Program and named for the Secretary of State who proposed it. | Marshall Plan (accept European Recovery Program or ERP before mentioned; prompt on "Marshall" or "George C. Marshall") |
| This author wrote The Green Dwarf, A Tale of the Perfect Tense under the pseudonym Lord Charles Wellesley. This author published novels such as Shirley and Villette under the name Currer Bell. Another work by this author was retold by Jean Rhys [[REESS]] in Wide Sargasso Sea and follows the tale of a governess at Thornfield Hall. For the point, identify this author who told the love story of Mr. Rochester and Jane Eyre. | Charlotte Brontë (accept Currer Bell before mentioned) |
| When this person first came to power, he insisted that he had been king for almost two decades. The “White Terror” of the Chambre Introuvable [[SHAHM-bruh een-troo-VAH- bluh]] occurred during this person’s reign. The assassination of the Duc de Berry made this person more sympathetic to the Ultras. The last French monarch to die before being deposed, for the point, who was this person, who twice took the throne on the heels of the overthrow of Napoleon Bonaparte? | Louis XVIII (accept Louis the Desired; prompt on "Louis") |
| This leader's war against the Scythians is described in the Behistun Inscription. Word of this ruler's loss against Miltiades [[mil-TEE-ah-deez]] was carried to his enemy's capital by the messenger Pheidippides [[fye-DIP-ih-deez]]. This successor of Cambyses II reorganized his empire into twenty satrapies [[SAT-rap-eez]] and successfully defeated the Ionian Revolt. Defeated at the Battle of Marathon, for the point, what Persian king was succeeded by his son Xerxes I [[ZERK-seez the FIRST]]? | Darius I (or Darius the Great; prompt on "Darius") |
| A leader of this tribe named Lean Bear protested the signing of the Treaty of Fort Wise with the Arapaho. Though not the Comanche, Yellow Wolf was a leader of this tribe which faced a cholera epidemic that prompted many members to join its Dog Soldiers. This tribe's Chief Black Kettle flew a white flag that was ignored during the Sand Creek Massacre. For the point, name this Great Plains tribe whose territory fittingly included part of what is now Wyoming. | Cheyenne (or Suhtai; or Sutaio; or Notameohm’esehese) |
| In this year, Suriname achieved independence from the Netherlands. In this year, Spanish dictator Francisco Franco died, ending his 36-year rule. During this year, Gerald Ford survived two separate assassination attempts. This year marked Pol Pot and the Khmer Rouge’s seizure of control of Cambodia. For the point, name this year in which the fall of Saigon occurred as well as Gerald Ford’s first full year as president. | |
| In one work, this man mentioned Ivan Kalyayev [[kahl-YAH-yev]] as a "fastidious assassin," with reference to the title rebel, and concludes that work with "I revolt, therefore we exist." In another of his works, this man asserts that one must "imagine [its title character] happy" despite being forced to push a boulder up a hill for eternity. For the point, name this French absurdist philosopher, and winner of the 1957 Nobel Prize in Literature, who wrote The Myth of Sisyphus. | Albert Camus [[kah-MOO]] (be lenient on pronunciation) |
| The Organization Consul terrorist group assassinated this government's finance minister, Matthias Erzberger [[EHRTS-behr-guh]]. Friedrich Ebert was the first president of this government that used the Freikorp [[FRY-kor]] to crush a revolt from the communist Spartacist League. The Beer Hall Putsch targeted, for the point, what democratic German government that was dismantled by the Nazis? | Weimar [[VY-mar]] Republic (or Weimarer Republik; accept Deutsche Republik or German Republic before "German" is mentioned; prompt on "Germany") |
| Pushkin called this person who died mysteriously "the Sphinx who took his riddle with him to the grave." This man rose to power after his father was murdered in a conspiracy in which the British government may have played a part. This man was the first king of Congress Poland, and his death was followed by the unsuccessful Decembrist Revolt. For the point, name this Tsar who first allied with and later opposed Napoleonic France. | Alexander I (or Aleksándr I Pávlovich; prompt on "Alexander") |
| People of this ethnic group in Western Asia adopted Christianity in the year 301 and claim to be the world’s oldest kingdom to become Christian. After a 1915 incident in the Anatolian city of Van, some leaders of this ethic group were killed, leading to a genocide that may have murdered one and a half million people. For the point, what is the name of this ethnic group, victims of an Ottoman genocide still denied by the Turkish government? | Armenian (accept variations on "Armenia"; accept Armenian Genocide) |
| This military engagement, codenamed Operation Detachment, involved U.S. forces using superior air support to gain control of an island from the Japanese Imperial Army. American photographer Joe Rosenthal earned a Pulitzer Prize for an image he made at this event. For the point, name this bloody World War Two battle at which U.S. Marines iconically raised the American flag on Mount Suribachi. | Battle of Iwo Jima (accept Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima) |
| The first of these structures was erected in 312 BC, ran for more than ten miles, and emptied near the Porta Trigemina. Five centuries later, the eleventh of these structures was built and can still be seen today with its sixty-foot arches towering over the ditch of Centocelle [[chen-toh-CHEH-leh]]. For the point, what are these structures which became the model for many ancient urban planners and provided water to what is now the capital of Italy? | Roman aqueducts (or Aqueducts of Rome; prompt on "aqueduct," "Roman," or "Rome") |
| One faction in this conflict that adopted the "Twenty-Seven Points" ideology merged with the Traditionalist Communion. Emilio Mola coined the term "fifth column" during this conflict, which included the Abraham Lincoln Brigade. During this conflict, the Condor Legion killed hundreds of Basque civilians in an air raid, many of whom lived in Guernica. For the point, name this 1930s conflict in which the Republicans lost to the Nationalists under Francisco Franco. | Spanish Civil War (or Guerra Civil Española) |
| During World War One, the Czarist regime arrested this man for revolutionary activity and exiled him to Siberia. Stalin essentially exiled this man by making him ambassador to Mongolia. That occurred after this Bolshevik and Joachim von Ribbentrop signed a short-lived non-aggression pact establishing a truce between the USSR and Nazi Germany. For the point, identify this Soviet Foreign Minister for whom an incendiary “Cocktail” is named. | Vyacheslav Molotov (or Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Molotov; accept Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Skryabin; accept Molotov Cocktail) |
| Prior to this man’s death by poisoned arrow, he was tasked with converting locals to Christianity, including Rajah Humabon. This man and several members of his crew died at the Battle of Mactan. Following this man’s death, his co-commanders, Juan Serrano and Duarte Barbosa, succeeded him and sailed out of the Philippines. For the point, name this Portuguese explorer whose crew completed the first circumnavigation of the globe. | Ferdinand Magellan |
| This document excluded twelve Louisiana parishes and seven Virginia counties. A public letter to Horace Greely pre-emptively framed this document as a military necessity. This document expanded the number of men available to the U.S. Army, and this document went into full effect in Texas on June 19, 1865. For the point, name this document, a preliminary form of which was issued after the Battle of Antietam, freeing Southern slaves. | Emancipation Proclamation (or Proclamation 95) |
| In 1960, Maurice Yameogo became the first president of this country following independence from France. In 1977, a new Constitution was ratified in this country, giving further political power to Sangoule Lamizana, the second president of this West African country. For the point, name this landlocked African country, formerly known as Upper Volta, with a capital at Ouagadougou [[oo-ah-gah-DOO-goo]]. | Burkina Faso |
| A man with this surname, with the given name "Peachy," was defended in the 1859 Greek Crafton murder trial by his third cousin, Abraham Lincoln. A president of this surname signed the Sherman Antitrust Act and oversaw the installation of electricity in the White House. Another man with this surname won the battles of the Thames [[TEMZ]] and Tippecanoe. For the point, give this name of presidents Benjamin and William Henry. | Harrison (accept Peachy Harrison; accept Benjamin Harrison; accept William Henry Harrison) |
| This event was first organized by Fred Lebow and Vincent Chiappetta in 1970 and was won by Gary Muhrcke. In 1976, George Spitz proposed changes to this event, and this event was supported by Percy Sutton, who was the Manhattan Borough President at the time. Sponsored by the Tata Consultancy Services since 2013, for the point, what is this annual sporting event that takes place on the first Sunday in November? | TCS New York City Marathon (accept NYC in place of New York City; prompt on "New York," "New York City," or "Marathon") |
| This leader compared two class groups to a bomb waiting for ignition in the essay "On Contradiction." This leader claimed that "political power grows out of the barrel of a gun" and wrote an essay in which he compared the movements of guerilla fighters to a fish swimming in a stream. This leader's sayings were collected in his Little Red Book. For the point, name this first Chairman of the People's Republic of China. | Mao Zedong (or Chairman Mao; prompt on "Zedong" or "Tse-tung") |
| General Edward Braddock died during this war, days after his four-way attack failed at Monongahela [[mah-non-gah-HEH-lah]]. During this war's initial escalation, troops at Fort Le Boeuf [[luh-BUHF]] were warned to leave by the commander of the Virginia Regiment, twenty-two year old George Washington. For the point, name this North American theater of the Seven Years' War in which various Native American tribes supported either the British or the French. | French and Indian War (accept Guerre de la Conquête; accept War of the Conquest; prompt on “Seven Years’ War” before mentioned) |
| A house with this name competed with the House of Wittelsbach [[VIT-els-bahk]] over the Holy Roman Empire. A fortress in a country with this name is known as the "Gibraltar of the North" and was expanded by the Marquis de Vauban [[voh-BAHN]]. The 1815 Treaty of Paris transformed that country with this name into a Grand Duchy in personal union with the Netherlands. For the point, name this small Low Countries nation that established economic ties with neighboring Belgium. | Luxembourg (accept Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; accept Grand Duche de Luxembourg; accept House of Luxembourg; accept Luxembourg Dynasty) |
| In 1919, people who weren't playing this genre of music were threatened by the Axeman of New Orleans. Musicians in this genre, such as Mulatu Astatke, faced persecution in Ethiopia as Derg leaders were suspicious of this genre's free-form nature. Notably played by Charlie Parker and Duke Ellington, for the point, what is this genre of music, related to blues or ragtime, that emphasizes improvisation and its Afro-Cuban roots? | Jazz |
| After the overthrow of Horacio Vazquez, one dictator took control of this country and later committed the Parsley Massacre. In 1937, nearly twenty thousand Haitians living in this country were killed following a border dispute. Long-governed by “El Jefe” [[ell HEH- feh]], Rafael Trujillo [[troo-HEE-yoh]], for the point, what is this country that shares Hispaniola with Haiti? | Dominican Republic (or Republica Dominicana; accept The Dominican; accept La Dominicana) |
| This person claimed that “None but the Almighty God shall prevent my marching" before stealing gunpowder from the British, an act celebrated on Powder House Day in the city of New Haven every year. This person planned to surrender West Point to the British and then led British troops against Americans. For the point, name this Revolutionary War general whose name is now synonymous with betrayal and treachery. | Benedict Arnold |
| Of this country's 200 parliamentary seats, one represents an archipelago centered at Mariehamn [[muh-REE-uh-hah-mun]]. This country's Swedish People's Party, which holds that seat, is the smallest of five in its governing coalition. One of those parties, the Centre Party, was once led by this country's strongman, Urho Kekkonen [[KEK-oh-nen]], though all are now led by women. This Nordic republic's presidency was created after independence from Russia in 1917. For the point, name this country governed by Sanna Marin from Helsinki. | Republic of Finland (or Suomi; or Republiken Finland; or Suomen tasavalta) |
| The 1817 "Alabama Fever" was a land rush due to high demand for this crop, global production of which was hurt by the Lancashire Famine. A man who created a machine that processes this crop may have met with John Adams to showcase the assembly of a musket. James Hammond gave a speech claiming that the South was invincible because this crop "is king." For the point, name this crop, whose processing was made easier by a "gin" created by Eli Whitney. | Cotton (accept Cotton gin; accept King Cotton) |
| The effects of these things were the cause of death of glassblower Clarence Dally while he was an assistant to Thomas Edison, and Dally's premature death prompted Edison to say, "Don't talk to me about [these things]." The wife of the man who discovered these things reportedly exclaimed, "I have seen my death!" after seeing a product of these things. Wilhelm Röntgen [[REHNT-gen]] discovered, for the point, what electromagnetic radiation that is used in medical imaging? | X-rays (or X-radiation; accept Röntgen radiation before mentioned) |
| At one of these places in Illinois, Rem Koolhaas designed a stainless steel tube to shield from noise pollution. John Filo photographed Mary Ann Vecchio [[veh-KYO]] kneeling over a body at one of these places, and Black luminary Mary McLeod Bethune merged one of these institutions with a nearby one named for Reverend Alfred Cookman. For the point, name these institutions that include Kent State and Cornell. | Colleges (accept University; accept Kent State University; accept Bethune- Cookman University or Bethune-Cookman College; prompt on "Schools"; prompt on "Institute" or "Institute of Technology") |
| In this country's Parliament, 105 senators are appointed to serve until they reach the age of 75. Among this country's regions, each of its Western provinces appoints six senators, while its North appoints only three. This country's elected house of Parliament, a non-British House of Commons, currently consists of 338 members, dominated by three main parties including the NDP and Liberals. The Conservatives form the official opposition in, for the point, what country whose head-of-state is Justin Trudeau? | Canada |
| This state and Utah were the only two won by William Howard Taft while running for re-election, and this state is the only one ever carried by the Anti-Masonic party. Seth Warner and Ethan Allen hailed from a place that later became this state and led its Green Mountain Boys. For the point, name this New England state that was home to Justin Morrill and now hosts U.S. senators Patrick Leahy and Bernie Sanders. | Vermont (accept Vermont Republic) |
| Truman Capote wrote about this star of Bus Stop in a short-fiction collection titled Music for Chameleons. Norman Mailer claimed this actress was killed by CIA agents. After Princess Diana’s death, Elton John called this woman by her given name, Norma Jean, and christened her, “a candle in the wind." For the point, name this blonde bombshell who starred in Some Like It Hot and The Seven Year Itch. | Marilyn Monroe (or Norma Jeane Mortenson; or Norma Jeane Baker; prompt on "Marilyn") |