| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| This explorer, whose son was baptized by Olaf Tryggvason, later built an estate at Brattahlid near present-day Narsarsuaq [[NAR-sar-swahk]]. This man was exiled for murdering the killers of his thralls. This man, who established the first settlement in Greenland, had a son who discovered Vinland. For the point, name this father of Leif Erikson who is named for the color of his hair. | Erik the Red (accept Erik Thorvaldsson; prompt on "Erik" or "red") |
| This message was intercepted by British intelligence and deciphered by its “Room 40” codebreakers. This highly publicized message was intended for Heinrich von Eckardt, the German ambassador to Mexico, and detailed a proposed wartime alliance between Germany and Mexico. For the point, name this "Telegram" which prompted Woodrow Wilson to ask Congress for a declaration for the U.S. to enter World War One. | Zimmerman telegram (accept "Note" or "Cable" in place of "Telegram") |
| This period was considered by Jared Diamond to be the first step in sealing the fate of human societies in his 1997 book, Guns, Germs, and Steel. While the cause of this period’s emergence during the Holocene is disputed, archaeological data shows that this period began in the Levant nine-to-ten thousand years ago. For the point, name this prehistoric period during which human societies transitioned away from hunting and gathering to settling on land and growing crops. | Neolithic Revolution (or First Agricultural Revolution; prompt on descriptive answers) |
| In one story, this hero was killed by being pushed off a cliff by Lycomedes [[ly-koh- MEE-deez]] after this man was exiled from Athens. One woman abandoned by this hero was a daughter of Minos who was later found by Dionysus at Naxos. This hero was able to accomplish one noted feat after being given a string by Ariadne to navigate Daedalus's labyrinth. For the point, name this Greek hero who slew the Minotaur. | Theseus |
| This figure’s political philosophy was published in a three-part series titled The Governance of [His Nation] where he once served as Chairman of the Central Military Commission. This figure hoped to increase his country’s involvement in Africa with the Belt and Road Program and promoted the “One Country, Two Systems” approach with Taiwan. For the point, name this General Secretary who was elected president of China in 2013. | Xi Jinping (accept Xi Dada; prompt on "Jinping") |
| In 1926, this man was appointed the leader of a joint Franco-Spanish effort in the Rif War against the Berbers of Morocco, and was appointed France’s ambassador to Spain in 1939. This man led France’s forces in a ten-month long World War One battle in 1916, earning him the nickname “The Lion of Verdun.” For the point, name this man who led Vichy France from 1940 to1942, working closely with Nazi Germany. | Philippe Pétain (or Henri Philippe Benoni Omer Pétain; accept Marshal Pétain; prompt on "The Old Marshal" or "The Lion of Verdun") |
| This holiday is followed by the Ten Days of Repentance, during which the Avinu Malkeinu prayer is recited. This holiday's tashlikh [[tahsh-LEEK]] ceremony involves throwing bread crumbs into a body of water. Traditionally, this holiday's celebrations feature blowing a shofar ram's horn 100 times. Traditionally celebrated by eating apples dipped in honey, this holiday is the first of the High Holy Days. For the point, name this Jewish New Year's celebration. | Rosh Hashanah (or Yom Teruah; prompt on "New Year" or "Jewish New Year" before mentioned) |
| This winner of the Spingarn Medal began his professional career in Indianapolis and received a major promotion when Bobby Thomson suffered a broken ankle. An action by Al Downing led to this man’s best-known accomplishment, which Vin Scully called “a marvelous moment for Atlanta and the state of Georgia.” For the point, who was this man, nicknamed “The Hammer," who broke Babe Ruth’s career home run record? | Hank Aaron (or Henry Louis Aaron; prompt on "The Hammer" or "Hammerin' Hank") |
| This event took place on the Susquehanna [[suh-skweh-HAH-nuh]] River and was caused by a malfunctioning pilot-operated relief valve. This disaster prompted Governor Dick Thornburgh to recommend pregnant women and preschool-age children evacuate the area. Activists Jane Fonda and Tom Hayden visited the site of this event as the start of an anti-nuclear energy tour. For the point, name this 1979 partial meltdown of a reactor at a nuclear power plant in Pennsylvania. | Three Mile Island accident (accept clear-knowledge equivalents for "accident") |
| During this year, Kim Campbell became the first female prime minister of Canada, holding office from June 25th to November 4th. This year marked the signing of START II [[TWO]] by George H.W. Bush and Boris Yeltsin, which sought nuclear arms reduction. In this year, American law enforcement engaged in the Waco Siege on a compound belonging to the Branch-Davidians. For the point, name this year in which Israel and the PLO signed the first Oslo Accords and Bill Clinton was inaugurated as president. | |
| This politician wrote that the Mexican-American War would produce “some military chieftain who will conquer all of us” before his son died in the Battle of Buena Vista. This politician was one of the loudest advocates of the American System as Speaker of the House and helped negotiate the Treaty of Ghent. For the point, name this “Great Compromiser,” one of the “Great Triumvirate” with Daniel Webster and John C. Calhoun. | Henry Clay, Sr. |
| This area contains the William Behnes sculpture of Henry Havelock, and this area's South Africa House was the site of frequent anti-apartheid protests. This place was the location of the 1990 Poll Tax Riots as well as Bloody Sunday in 1886. Adjacent to Charing Cross Station and overlooked by the National Gallery, for the point, what is this square in London whose centerpiece includes Nelson's Column, honoring the victor of this square's namesake 1805 battle? | Trafalgar Square (accept Battle of Trafalgar) |
| In his memoirs, this man related that his noteworthy middle name stemmed from his father’s admiration of a Shawnee chief. When Ulysses S. Grant was elected president, this man succeeded him as Commanding General of the Army. For the point, name this Union Army major general who led a March to the Sea from Atlanta to Savannah, Georgia, in 1864. | William T (ecumseh) Sherman |
| Wynton Kelly played this instrument on the track "Freddie Freeloader," though Bill Evans played it on all other songs on Miles Davis's Kind of Blue. This instrument of Art Tatum was played by the composer of "Straight, No Chaser" and "Round Midnight," as well as a Billy Strayhorn collaborator whose orchestra often performed "Take the 'A' Train." For the point, name this instrument that was played by Thelonious Monk and Duke Ellington. | Piano (or Pianoforte) |
| Federalist Paper No. 29 argued that "It requires no skill. . .to discern that uniformity in the organization and discipline in [these groups] would be attended with the most beneficial effects." A 1792 Act authorized these forces to be called "whenever the laws of the United States shall be opposed." Debate surrounds what "well regulated" means regarding these forces in the Second Amendment. For the point, name these forces which consisted of "all able-bodied male citizens" in Colonial America. | Militias (accept Well regulated militia) |
| In 1960, this nation, formerly the Oubangi-Chari region of French Equatorial Africa, gained independence with Barthelemy Boganda as its first president. In 1966, Jean-Bedel Bokassa took control of this country, building a golden throne and declaring it an empire in 1976. More recently, Francois Bozize [[boh-ZEE-zeh]] was overthrown in 2013 when, for the point, rebels captured what country’s capital of Bangui? | Central African Republic (or Republique Centrafricaine; accept C.A.R.) |
| This person’s doctoral dissertation about the Congress of Vienna was published as A World Restored in 1957. Pursuing a policy of realpolitik, this man ignored Pakistani atrocities so as to retain Pakistan’s help in negotiations with China. For the point, name this German-born American who was honored with a Nobel Peace Prize in 1973 for ending the Vietnam War. | Henry Kissinger (or Henry Alfred Kissinger; or Heinz Alfred Kissinger) |
| This city was resettled following orders from Bela IV after it was destroyed by Mongols in 1241. This city, which during Roman times was called Aquincum [[ah-KWEEN- koom]], was the main site of a 1956 revolution that led to the execution of Imre Nagy [[EEM-reh NAHZH]]. The construction of a chain bridge unified this city by connecting two separate cities on opposite sides of the Danube River. For the point, name this capital city, the site of major unrest during the Hungarian Revolution. | Budapest |
| In 1981, this country's first road connection to Saudi Arabia was established with the construction of the King Fahd Causeway. In 2011, the iconic Pearl Roundabout, constructed in 1982, was removed following massive protests in this country led by a Shia Muslim majority. For the point, name the smallest Gulf Cooperation Council member, an island nation governed from Manama. | Kingdom of Bahrain (or Mamlakat al Bahrayn) |
| In one book, this philosopher described "hylo-morphism" in which "being" is composed of matter and form. This man claimed that the best life was characterized by individual flourishing, or "eudemonia" [[yoo-deh-MOH-nee-ah]]. This founder of the peripatetic school was the author of the Metaphysics and the Nicomachean Ethics. For the point, name this tutor of Alexander the Great. | Aristotle (or Aristotles) |
| In 1969, this country it’s neighbor after it evicted thousands of immigrants from this country, the most densely populated in Central America. Known as the “Football War” this country’s invasion of Honduras quickly ended following intervention by the Organization of American States. For the point, name the smallest Central American country by area, governed from San Salvador. | Republic of El Salvador (or Republica de El Salvador) |
| This city was depicted in the Castello Plan, and a colony centered around this city was exchanged for Suriname in the Treaty of Breda. Settlers were forced to retreat to this city in the Peach Tree War. The one-legged Peter Stuyvesant [[STY-veh-sunt]] was the last governor of this city, and a palisade around this city was built on the future site of Wall Street. For the point, name this Dutch city that was the capital of the colony of New Netherland. | New Amsterdam (accept New York City) |
| A god of this aspect killed the food goddess Ukemochi [[ooh-keh-MOH-chee]] after she disgusted him by pulling rice and millet from her nose and ears. That god of this domain, Tsukiyomi [[tsoo-kee-YOH-mee]], is never seen at the same time as Amaterasu [[ah-mah-teh-RAH-soo]] due to that murder, explaining a certain natural phenomenon. In Chinese myth, a jade rabbit who lives on this celestial object constantly uses a mortar and pestle. For the point, name this celestial object represented by Luna among the Roman gods. | Earth's Moon (accept Luna before mentioned; accept answers such as Moonlight or Moonlit nights before "celestial object" is mentioned) |
| This Nobel Prize winner was born in what is now the capital of Macedonia. This founder of the Missionaries of Charity won the Jewel of India and was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by Ronald Reagan. At age 36, this woman responded to her calling and gained Indian citizenship five years later. In Tirana, Albania, the airport, a square, and a hospital are named after this humanitarian. For the point, name this woman, the "Saint of Calcutta." | Mother Teresa (or Mary Teresa Bojaxhiu; or Anjezë Gonxhe Bojaxhiu; or Saint Teresa of Calcutta) |
| Viewing this man as a champion of their liberties, New England’s Cheshire Baptists gave him a 1200-pound “Mammoth Cheese.” This person sought to refute the Comte de Buffon’s claim that fauna degenerated in the Americas. Although impressed by the feats of Benjamin Banneker, this person had trouble crediting him with those feats. As governor of Virginia, this man wrote a detailed response to a survey from a French statesman. For the point, name this president who launched the Corps of Discovery. | Thomas Jefferson |
| The Short Hair Act was included as part of this region's Gabo Reforms, which were passed after the assassination of the empress. King U [[OO]] was toppled in this region by Taejo [[TAY-joh]], who founded a dynasty later ruled by the creator of the Hangul alphabet, Sejong the Great. Warring kingdoms that ruled in this region included Silla, Baekje [[BAYK- jeh]], and Goguryeo [[goh-GOOR-yoh]]. For the point, name this East Asian region which was ruled by the Joseon dynasty and whose capitals included Kaesong and Seoul. | Korea (accept Korean peninsula; accept Joseon; accept Goryeo; accept Gabo Reforms before mentioned; do not accept or prompt on "North Korea" or "South Korea") |
| A female aspect of this good is often depicted using the sun as a shield, ironically causing poor harvests which destroyed yields of this good. After having jeweled teeth knocked out by blow darts, the mythic demon Seven Macaw replaced them with teeth made from this foodstuff. The last chapters of the Popol Vuh [[POH-pul VOO]] describe how humans were created from stalks of this grain. The god Cinteotl [[sin-teh-AH-til]] is the deity of, for the point, what staple grain of Mesoamerica? | Maize (or Corn) |
| One traveler in this country wrote about King Harsha's court in Great Tang Records on the Western Region. An explorer who was named viceroy of this country in 1524 was chronicled in The Lusiads. The monk Xuanzang [[SHOO-AHN-ZAHNG]] wrote extensively of his travels in this country, which one explorer reached after rounding the Cape of Good Hope and feuding with Muslim merchants in Calicut. For the point, name this South Asian country first reached by sea by Vasco da Gama. | India (accept Republic of India; accept Bharatiya Gaṇarajya) |
| This man became a member of the Politburo in 1980 with the support of Mikhail Suslov after earlier serving in the Central Committee’s Secretariat of Agriculture. Following the death of Konstantin Chernenko, this man began a policy of economic and political restructuring known as perestroika and followed that with a policy of “openness” called glasnost. For the point, name this man, the final leader of the Soviet Union. | Mikhail Gorbachev (or Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev) |
| One of this man’s first acts as president was authorizing the CIA to overthrow Mohammad Mosaddegh in Iran. After publicly disavowing his own allies at the United Nations, this man authorized Operation Blue Bat to stabilize the democracy of Lebanon. That operation was the culmination of this man’s namesake doctrine, penned by John Foster Dulles. For the point, name this president of the United States, who previously served as a five-star General of the Army. | Dwight D (avid) Eisenhower (accept Eisenhower Doctrine) |
| Donald Rumsfeld moved to his first cabinet position after a “Massacre” on this holiday that shook up the Ford administration. Irish immigrants forwent a tradition involving turnips on this holiday, replacing them with a local product, and James Byrnes tried to stop the Klan by making it illegal to wear a mask on all days except for this one. For the point, name this spooky holiday in late October. | Halloween (accept Halloween Massacre) |
| In the Catholic and Orthodox version of this book, the title figure reveals that the priests of Bel are eating food supposedly offered to an idol. That version of this book also contains the story of Susanna and the Elders. This book features a vision of the four beasts, including a four winged leopard. Including the story of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego being cast into the furnace, for the point, what is this Old Testament book, whose title prophet is thrown into the lion's den? | Book of Daniel |