| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| This woman traveled to Europe with Ellen Gates Starr, where they visited Toynbee Hall in London’s East End. Upon returning to the U.S., this woman acquired an abandoned house on South Halstead Street and developed programs to aid her city’s (+) poor people. In 1931, for her "assiduous effort to revive the ideal of peace... in their own nation and mankind," this person became the first American woman to win a Nobel Peace Prize. (*) For the points, who was this woman, the founder of Chicago's Hull House? | Jane Addams (or Laura Jane Addams) |
| Mark Matthews, who joined this group's 10th Cavalry Regiment at age 15, died at age 111 in 2005. This group, which was formed at Fort Leavenworth in Kansas, was discriminated against in the Brownsville Affair. Due to his work with a branch of this group, John (+) Pershing earned the nickname "Black Jack." Often called on to fight against Native Americans, (*) for the points, what is this unofficial nickname for Black regiments in the US Army? | Buffalo Soldiers |
| After the Battle of Monmouth, this man took leave to visit his ill wife, Jemima, despite being a senior military commander. After she died, this man returned to the Colonies to lead the British Army’s “Southern strategy” in the American (+) Revolution, including defeating the colonists at Waxhaws and Charleston. Following a defeat at (*) Yorktown, for the points, what general surrendered to American and French forces? | Charles Cornwallis (accept 1st Marquess Cornwallis; accept Earl Cornwallis; accept Viscount Brome) |
| John Reed chronicled this event in his book Ten Days That Shook the World. This event was sparked by the firing of a shot from the cruiser Aurora, which signaled an assault on a palace. This event, preceded by an attempted coup in the Kornilov Affair, (+) involved participants shouting "Peace, Land, Bread." The provisional government of Alexander Kerensky was toppled during this event. Led by Vladimir Lenin (*) in 1917 during the namesake month, for the points, what was this Russian coup? | October Revolution (or Great October Socialist Revolution; accept Bolshevik Revolution; accept Red October; prompt on "Russian Revolution") |
| This man was the first major-party presidential candidate who was born in the 20th century and remains the youngest-ever Republican nominee. Elected three times as governor of New York, this man’s supposed victory in his second presidential bid (+) was the subject of an infamously incorrect early edition of the Chicago Daily Tribune. The losing candidate in the 1944 and 1948 (*) elections, for the points, who was this man named in the headline "[This man] Beats Truman"? | Thomas E (dmund) Dewey (accept Dewey Beats Truman) |
| Lord Byron defended this group to the House of Commons and said, “You may call the people a mob, but do not forget that a mob too often speaks the sentiments of the people.” George Mellor led a group of these people in an ambush that killed a mill owner named William Horsfall. (+) In order to suppress activities from this group, Parliament passed the Frame Breaking Act of 1812. Originating from Nottingham and comprised largely of weavers and textile workers, (*) for the points, what British group opposed new machinery? | Luddites |
| During the Franco-Prussian war, this figure led efforts to get supplies to needy people after the Siege of Paris. This person learned about an organization formed in Geneva and led a similar group in Dansville, New York. After serving in the First Battle of Bull Run, (+) this figure ran an ad asking for supplies to tend to soldiers in future battles and later bound injuries with corn husks at Antietam. Known as the "Angel of the Battlefield," (*) for the points, who is this woman who founded the American Red Cross? | Clara Barton (or Clarissa Harlowe Barton) |
| A man with this family name proposed sanctions against magistrates who refused to grant provocatio in the Porcian Laws. A man with this family name led the Optimates [[ohp-tee-MAH-tehs]] to oppose the agricultural reforms of Julius Caesar before committing (+) suicide in Utica. The phrase "Carthage must be destroyed" ended all speeches by a man with this family name who was considered the first Roman historian. (*) For the points, give this family name of an Elder and Younger Roman Republic statesman. | Cato (accept Cato the Elder; accept Cato the Younger; accept Marcus Porcius Cato; accept Marcus Porcius Cato Uticensis) |
| In this battle, the village of Utitsa [[yoo-TEET-sah]] was captured by Józef [[YOH-zef]] Poniatowski's [[pahn-yah-TAO-skees]] Polish forces. Pyotr Bagration [[bah-GRAH-tee-YOHN]] died of his wounds sustained at this battle after French artillery overran his fleches, (+) leading to the attack on the Raevsky redoubt. Mikhail Kutuzov was defeated, and Moscow was placed under French (*) occupation after, for the points, what 1812 victory for Napoleon Bonaparte? | Battle of Borodino |
| In the mid-1950s, this man began to experiment with twelve-tone technique, composing works such as Piano Fantasy and Connotations. This composer collaborated with choreographer Martha Graham on his Wild West-inspired ballet (+) Billy the Kid. The creator of Fanfare for the Common Man, nicknamed “the Dean of American Composers,” (*) for the points, who is this man who composed Appalachian Spring? | Aaron Copland |
| In this nation, the forces of Siad Barre [[see-YAHD bah-REH]] committed the Isaaq genocide, targeting the title clan near the city of Hargeisa [[hur-GAY-sah]]. This former colony of Italy had much of its rural area seized by al-Shabaab militants in the 2010s, and (+) pirates off the coast of this nation preyed on nations in the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea. The Black Hawk Down incident (*) occurred in, for the points, what nation's Battle of Mogadishu during a 20th century civil war? | Federal Republic of Somalia (or Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya; or Jumhuriyat as Sumal al Fidiraliyah; accept Somali Democratic Republic) |
| The one-room schoolhouse this artist attended as a child in Greenwich, New York is now the Bennington Museum, with the largest collection of this artist's works. Louis J. Caldor first discovered this artist's work in a Hoosick Falls drugstore. This artist sprinkled glitter (+) on top of painted snow for the work Sugaring Off. Hallmark cards have featured the Christmas-themed works of this woman who took up painting in her (*) mid-seventies. For the points, name this artist who was nicknamed “Grandma.” | Grandma Moses (or Anna Mary Robertson Moses; or Anna Mary Robertson) |
| In this conflict, Michel-Pierre Barreaut [[bahr-OH]] surrendered his ship L’Insurgente [[lahn-suhr-ZHAHNT]]. This conflict divided the ruling party of one side, the leader of which feared a rival’s call for an expanded army. The Treaty of San Lorenzo contributed to the (+) outbreak of this conflict, which was ended by the Treaty of Mortefontaine. Providing the US Navy with its first major exposure to combat, (*) for the points, what was this conflict, whose name references its lack of a formal declaration of war? | Quasi-War (or Quasi-guerre; prompt on "War of the Second Coalition") |
| Two answers required: A diplomat from one of these countries, Samuel Hoare [[HOR]], stated that the leader of this other nation "detested Hitler" and would stay neutral. One alliance between these two countries was solidified by the marriage of John I of the House of Aviz (+) to the daughter of John of Gaunt, Philippa of Lancaster. Codifying the world's oldest alliance still in effect in the 1386 Treaty of Windsor, (*) for the points, what are these two European countries? | Portugal and England (accept Great Britain, Kingdom of England, or United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland in place of England; accept Portuguese Republic, Republica Portuguesa, or Kingdom of Portugal in place of Portugal) |
| While affiliated with this political party, Samuel Morse ran for mayor of New York. This party attempted to nominate Daniel Webster for the presidency, but as Webster died nine days before the election, this party nominated Jacob Broome instead. (+) This political party came out of the Order of the Star Spangled Banner, targeting Irish-Catholic immigrants. Officially the Native American Party, (*) for the points, what is this nativist political party whose colloquial name came from members denying its existence? | Know Nothing Party (accept “I Know Nothing”; accept Native American Party before mentioned) |
| Napata and Meroë [[MEHR-oh-ee]] were capital cities in this kingdom that depended heavily on the gold and iron trade. Piye [[PEE-yeh]], also known as Sneferre, was ruler of this kingdom for thirty years in the 8th century BC and established the Twenty-fifth Dynasty (+) of Egypt. Lasting for 1400 years and located in the southern Nile Valley, (*) for the points, what kingdom from what is modern-day Sudan may take its name from a grandson of Noah? | Kingdom of Kush (prompt on "Nubia") |
| While excavating a section of this site built by two brothers named Quintilius, Gavin Hamilton uncovered the Braschi [[BRAH-skee]] Venus. Construction on this site began after the Battle of Caudine Forks during the Second Samnite War. (+) This location, which was named for a Roman censor, was lined with over six thousand crucified slaves after Spartacus's rebellion. Originally stretching from Brindisi to (*) Rome, for the points, what is this "queen of roads"? | Appian Way (or Via Appia) |
| This architect designed a 76-story tower with a "crinkly" facade at 8 Spruce Street, once known as Beekman Tower. This architect designed an open-air pavilion for Chicago’s Grant Park and emulated an exploding guitar in his Experience Music Project, later renamed MoPOP. (+) This architect’s de-constructivist works include a titanium-clad art museum in Bilbao. Known for curved, stainless steel (*) exteriors, for the points, who is this architect who designed the Walt Disney Concert Hall and the Guggenheim Museum? | Frank Gehry (or Frank Owen Gehry; or Frank Owen Goldberg) |
| The creation of this organization was first proposed by Somerville Hastings, and Nye Bevan was instrumental to its founding. Henry Willink advocated for the creation of this organization, which was outlined in the Beveridge Report. The Cameron-Clegg (+) government controversially required immigrants using this organization's services to pay a surcharge. Created by the Labour government of Clement Atlee, (*) for the points, what is this publicly funded healthcare system of the United Kingdom? | NHS (or National Health Service) |
| This man, a former president of Coca-Cola Mexico, became the governor of Guanajuato [[gwah-nah-HWAH-toh]] in 1995. During his presidency this man became embroiled in the Comes y te vas [[KOH-mess ee teh VAHSS]] scandal, in which he asked Cuban president (+) Fidel Castro to leave a UN lunch early in order to not offend the arriving U.S. president, George W. Bush. Serving from 2000 to 2006 under the National Action (*) Party, for the points, who is this former president of Mexico? | Vicente Fox (or Vicente Fox Quesada) |
| A leader from this region, after marrying Isabella of Portugal, established the Order of the Golden Fleece. A duke of this region and rival of Louis XI [[the Eleventh]] supported the League of the Public Weal and died at the Battle of Nancy. John the Fearless led this region, (+) as did a duke who signed the Peace of Arras in alliance with France, Philip the Good. Ransoming Joan of Arc to the British, (*) for the points, what is this region of northeast France, known for a type of dark red wine? | Duchy of Burgundy (accept Duché de Bourgogne; accept Philip the Handsome (or Philip I), Duke of Burgundy; accept Charles the Bold (or Charles I), Duke of Burgundy; accept Philip the Good (or Philip III), Duke of Burgundy) |
| In 1967, this country was declared the world’s first atheist state following religious restrictions signed into law by former leader Enver Hoxha [[HODJ-ah]]. One year later, this country officially left the Warsaw Pact following the Soviet Union’s invasion of (+) Czechoslovakia in response to the Prague Spring. The only Balkan country to side with China during the Sino-Soviet split, (*) for the points, what is this Balkan nation where Bajram Begaj was elected president in 2022? | Republic of Albania (or Republika e Shqiperise; or Shqiperia) |
| This 1959 drama was the first play written by an African-American woman to be produced on Broadway. This play, the title of which is taken from the Langston Hughes poem "Harlem," debuted with the role of Walter Lee being played by Sidney Poitier (+) and investigates the issues of racism and housing discrimination. Telling the story of the Younger family of Chicago and gaining a Tony nomination for its playwright in 1960, (*) for the points, what is this play by Lorraine Hansberry? | A Raisin in the Sun |
| This small town near Munich was the location at which the House of Wittelsbach built a palace in the 16th century, and in the late-19th century this town became a noted colony for landscape artists. In 1933, an abandoned munitions factory outside this town became a prison (+) for communists and social democrats. In Maus, Vladek describes his time interned at that camp near this town, which was liberated by U.S. troops (*) in 1945. For the points, name this Bavarian town, the site of the first Nazi concentration camp. | Dachau (accept Dachau concentration camp) |
| This figure was widowed following the death of Mahlon [[MAY-lun]]. Unlike Orpah, this figure refused to return to Moab. During Shavuot, this figure's namesake text is read aloud. This woman was instructed to lie down at the feet of her future husband on a threshing floor. (+) This great-grandmother of King David was the wife of Boaz and daughter-in-law of Naomi. (*) For the points, name the only woman other than Esther to give her name to a book of the Bible. | Ruth (or Rut [[ROOT]]) |
| This document stated that Americans should "be unworthy of our gallant forefathers, and commit base treason against our posterity" if they allowed one nation to "become a second St. Domingo." A political cartoon about this document depicts hoodlums surrounding James Buchanan (+) who, with John Mason and Pierre Soulé [[soo-LEH]], discussed annexation plans for one nation. A Belgian port gives its name to, (*) for the points, what 1854 manifesto describing U.S. rationale to purchase Cuba from Spain? | Ostend Manifesto (accept Ostend Circular) |
| This person helped extend the right to vote to women in Montana and, while in Congress, pushed through a measure that became the Nineteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. This person was the only member of Congress to vote against entry into both World War One and (+) World War Two, serving two terms, twenty- two years apart. The namesake of a women-led anti-war "Brigade" that marched in 1968, (*) for the points, who was this person, the first woman elected to the U.S. Congress? | Jeannette Rankin (or Jeanette Pickering Rankin) |
| In 2018, this person, elected from the HNP party, or "Alliance for Change," became the first woman Speaker of the House in the Philippines. This woman was involved in the Hello Garci Scandal, also known as "[this person] gate," that supposedly rigged the 2004 presidential (+) election and ended with a failed impeachment vote and no trial. Overseeing large growth in the national economy of the Philippines from 2001 to 2010, (*) for the points, who is this second female Philippine president? | Gloria Macapagal Arroyo (or Maria Gloria Macaraeg Macapagal Arroyo; or Maria Gloria Macaraeg Macapagal; accept GMA; prompt on "Gloriagate") |
| This thinker sings the praises of a game named harpastum, an ancient sport which combined wrestling and handball, in his treatise "On Exercise with the Small Ball." Maimonides wrote a work titled The Art of Cure – Extracts from [this ancient polymath] (+) who also directly inspired the publishing of the Canon of Medicine by Avicenna. The personal physician of Commodus and a proponent of humorism, (*) for the points, who was this extremely influential Greco-Roman doctor? | Galen of Pergamon (or Aelius Galenus; or Claudius Galenus; accept The Art of Cure - Extracts from Galen) |
| Reccared I [[reh-KAH-red the FIRST]] convened the Third Council of [this city], which marked the entry of Visigothic Spain into the Catholic Church. Alfonso X [[the Tenth]] had his power base in this city, which names a kingdom that served as the Crown of Castile. (+) This city rivaled Damascus as a major center of steel production, and an artist born in this city painted its Alcazar citadel in a painting titled View of [this city]. Frequently depicted by Cretan painter El Greco, (*) for the points, what is this northern Spanish city? | Toledo (accept Third Council of Toledo; accept Kingdom of Toledo; accept View of Toledo) |
| Members of this religious order include Francis Xavier, who served as a missionary in Japan, and Jacques Marquette who explored the upper Mississippi Valley. Members of this religious order supported the Counter Reformation (+) and encouraged better education for priests, and this religious order established Georgetown University in the United States. Founded by Ignatius of (*) Loyola, for the points, what is this Catholic religious order? | Jesuits (accept Society of Jesus; prompt on “SJ”) |
| In 1966, Seretse Khama was declared the first president of this country following independence from Great Britain. In 1980, following Khama's death, former vice president Quett Masire was appointed as president of this country but received criticism following the handling of (+) worker strikes in this country’s diamond mining industry. Home to the Okavango Delta, (*) for the points, what is this Southern African country led from Gaborone [[gab-oh-ROH-nee]]? | Republic of Botswana |
| This city has a C.S. Lewis Square, in honor of the author who was born and worked in this city. This city was nicknamed “Linenopolis,” due to the high production of linen there during the Industrial Revolution. This city is the location where the Good (+) Friday Agreement was signed, ending "The Troubles" in Northern (*) Ireland. For the points, name this city, the capital and most-populated of Northern Ireland. | Belfast |