| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Most companies in this industry were consolidated in Britain to form the "Big Four" in 1921. This industry's rapid growth in 1840s Britain led to a stock bubble that was dubbed its namesake "mania," and George Hudson was nicknamed the "king of [this industry]." Early pioneers of this industry include Isambard Kingdom Brunel and George Stephenson. For ten points, name this industry responsible for the "Rocket" Locomotive. | Railroad Industry (or Railway Industry; accept Locomotives before mentioned; accept clear-knowledge equivalents) |
| The Leaning Tower of Britten overlooks this structure, which was given its most famous name in Springfield, Missouri. One song about this structure was written by Bobby Troup and lists several cities that this structure runs through, including Kingman, Barstow, and San Bernardino. Symbolizing Dust Bowl migration to California, this is, for ten points, what historic road that runs from Chicago to Santa Monica? | U.S. Route 66 (or U.S. Highway 66; or Will Rogers Memorial Highway; or Main Street of America; or Mother Road) |
| Some Buddhists use this construct to classify a person as one of eight deities, or "protectors." A version of this system called the Earthly Branches was used to record the time of day starting in the 100s B.C. This system's Four Pillars of Destiny dates back to the Han Dynasty, though the concept was reorganized during the Tang. For ten points, name this Chinese astrological system consisting of twelve animals. | Chinese Zodiac (accept Asian Zodiac; accept Shēngxiào accept Shǔxiàng) |
| This party's first mayor was Emil Seidel of Milwaukee, and Congressman Victor Berger helped to found this party, which elected him using a subgroup of this party named for "Sewers." Norman Thomas was a six-time presidential candidate of this party, one of whose members received 900,000 votes for president while in jail. For ten points, name this political party whose members included Eugene V. Debs. | Socialist Party of America (or SPA; accept Sewer Socialists; do not accept "Communist") |
| This ruler once tossed a bible on the ground, sparking the battle at which he died. This ruler's generals Quizquiz [[KEEZ-KEEZ]], and Rumiñawi [[roo-mee-NYAH-wee]] remained loyal to this man in a civil war. This son of Huayna Capac [[WY-nah KAH-pahk]] attempted to pay a ransom by having a treasure room filled with gold and silver. For ten points, name this last ruler of the Inca Empire, who was executed by Spaniards under the command of Francisco Pizarro. | Atahualpa (or Atabalica; or Atabalipa) |
| A leader from this family crushed the Bu-Ma Democratic Protests, and was assassinated by Kim Jae-gyu in the 10.26 incident. After a member of this family was bribed by Choi Soon-sil, she was impeached and imprisoned on corruption charges in 2017. For ten points, name this South Korean Political dynasty which includes president Geun-hye and her father, Chung-hee. | Park (accept Park Geun Hye; or Park Chung-Hee) |
| Completed in 1974, this structure is one of the signature designs of architect and engineer Fazlur Rahman Khan, who is known as the “Father of Tubular Design.” This American building was formerly home to the headquarters of the department store chain Sears until it was renamed in 2009. For ten points, name this Chicago "Tower," the third- tallest building in the United States. | Willis Tower (accept Sears Tower before "formerly" but prompt afterward) |
| The aftermath of one of these events in 1556 resulted in the deaths of thousands of people living in yaodongs on the Loess Plateau. William James named a chapter of one of his books "On some Mental Effect of [this event]" after witnessing the behavior of survivors of this natural disaster near Stanford. Common in California, these are, for ten points, what natural disasters that shook San Francisco in 1906? | Earthquakes (accept Jiajing Great Earthquake) |
| This man commanded George McClellan's right wing at the Battle of South Mountain during the Maryland campaign. This man led the North Carolina Expedition as part of Winfield Scott's Anaconda Plan, and he was criticized for taking three attempts to capture a bridge built by Dunker farmers at the Battle of Antietam. For ten points, name this Union general known for his defeats at Fredericksburg and the Battle of the Crater, as well as his unique facial hair. | Ambrose Burnside (or Ambrose Everett Burnside) |
| After the Civil War, Burnside served as both governor and senator of what state? Political families in this state include the Chafees and Pells. | Rhode Island |
| After Paul Wellstone's death in a plane crash, this person was appointed to replace him on the ballot. This man lost both a mayoral and a U.S. Senate election to Norm Coleman. During a Democratic Primary debate, this man infamously asked "Where's the Beef?" to Senator Gary Hart. For ten points, name this vice president of Jimmy Carter and Democratic presidential nominee who only carried D.C. and his native Minnesota against Ronald Reagan in 1984. | Walter Mondale (or Walter Frederick "Fritz" Mondale) |
| Mondale was appointed to the U.S. Senate following the resignation of which other Minnesota politician, who served as Lyndon B. Johnson's only vice president? | Hubert Humphrey (or Hubert Horatio Humphrey Jr.) |
| Louis Philippe replaced several apartments at this location with the Gallery of Battles. This place has multiple salons named after Roman deities, including Mercury, Venus, and Mars. In this building's Hall of Mirrors, Otto von Bismarck proclaimed the creation of the German Empire. For ten points, name this royal palace that was expanded from a small hunting lodge by Louis XIII [[the Thirteenth]] to a massive baroque chateau by Louis XIV [[the Fourteenth]]. | Palace of Versailles (or Château de Versailles) |
| This other opulent chateau was built by Francis I and is the largest in the Loire [[LWAH]] Valley. This chateau's distinctive towers were designed by the Italian architect Domenico da Cortona. | Château de Chambord [[shah-TOH DEH sham-BOHR]] |
| In 1968, John Darley and Bibb Latané [[lah-tah-NEH]] conducted two experiments that tested this phenomenon, the second of which involved smoke filling a room while participants were still inside. Those experiments were inspired by an event in which Winston Mosely murdered a 28-year-old bartender outside her apartment building. The murder of Kitty Genovese [[jeh-nah-VEH-seh]] is a classic, if dubious, example of, for ten points, what psychological effect in which people are less likely to offer help when witnessing a distressing event while other people are present? | Bystander Effect (accept Bystander Apathy; accept Genovese Syndrome before “Genovese”) |
| John Quiñones [[kee-NYOH-nehs]] hosts what ABC show that tests the bystander effect and includes episodes that display situations such as bullying, racial attacks, or theft during everyday life? | What Would You Do? |
| This work in D minor was often performed for Adolf Hitler on his birthdays, and was also conducted by Leonard Bernstein during the fall of the Berlin Wall. The anthem of the European Union is based on the final movement of this work, which was inspired by Friedrich Schiller's poem "Ode to Joy." For ten points, name this work usually performed at the end of the year, the last symphony of Ludwig van Beethoven. | Ludwig van Beethoven's Symphony Number 9 in D minor (or Beethoven's Ninth Symphony; prompt on "Symphony in D minor"; prompt on "Beethoven's last symphony" and similar answers; prompt on “Ode to Joy” before mentioned; "Beethoven" is not required after mentioned) |
| Beethoven's Ninth Symphony inspired this composer of 21 Hungarian Dances and the Academic Festival Overture to compose his First Symphony in C minor. | Johannes Brahms |
| During this conflict, Field Marshal Alexandros Papagos supported King George II and defeated the KKE. Communists lost this war despite support from Bulgaria and Yugoslavia, while Joseph Stalin refused to get involved in this conflict. Along with the Chinese Civil War, this conflict was among the first engagements of the Cold War. For ten points, name this civil war in which monarchists retained control of Athens. | Greek Civil War (accept o Emfýlios Pólemos) |
| The Greek Civil War followed a brutal Axis occupation that was presaged by the fall of what Adriatic country ruled by King Zog? | Albanian Kingdom (accept Republic of Albania; or Republika e Shqipërisë; or Mbretnija Shqiptare) |
| A conspiracy surrounding attempts to deport this man involve Richard Nixon hiring Elvis Presley as a spy. In one song, this man asks, “So this is Christmas, and what have you done?” before declaring, “War is over, if you want it,” alongside his wife. This man's songs include the anti-war anthems "Give Peace a Chance" and "Imagine". For ten points, name this English husband of Yoko Ono and founding member of the Beatles | John Lennon (or John Winston Lennon) |
| John Lennon and Yoko Ono staged two of what nonviolent protests while on their honeymoon in Amsterdam and Montreal? These protests were inspired by sit-ins and involved the couple lying down for long periods in their hotel rooms. | Bed-ins for Peace (prompt on "Hair Peace") |
| Pressure from this empire fueled the reforms of Tokimune Hojo, which led to the end of a neighboring nation’s Northern and Southern Courts period. A source for two military actions by this empire, the Taiheiki [[“TIE”-heh-kee]], mentions its navy’s use of artillery known as zhentianlei [[ZHEN-tyen-LIE]]. Two invasion attempts by this empire happened in the wake of its conquests of the Goryeo and Song dynasties. Kamikaze storms foiled two of, for ten points, what empire's invasions of Japan? | Mongol Empire (or Mongolia; accept Yuan Dynasty; prompt on "China" or "Korea") |
| This island midway between Kyushu and Korea was the first site of Mongol landings in the 1274 invasion of Japan. This island’s namesake strait was much later the site of a decisive 1905 naval battle. | Tsushima [[soo-SHEE-mah]] Island (accept Battle of Tsushima) |
| Western state where they founded Salt Lake City. | Utah |
| Translator of the Book of Mormon who was killed by an angry mob in his jailcell. | Joseph Smith Jr. |
| Second President of the Mormon Church who led their relocation from Illinois. | Brigham Young |
| Series of 1857 attacks by Mormons on the Baker–Fancher wagon train party in southern Utah. | Mountain Meadows Massacre |
| Illinois city on the Mississippi River that was the start of the Mormon Trail to Salt Lake City. | Nauvoo |
| Governing body of the church modeled after the Apostles of Jesus, and taking their number from that group. | Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (accept Council of the Twelve Apostles; prompt on partial answer) |
| Capital and largest city, founded by King Vakhtang. | Tbilisi |
| Mountain range that names a Russian imperial viceroyalty of which Georgia was a part. | Caucasus Mountains (or Caucasus Viceroyalty) |
| Soviet dictator and "Man of Steel" who was born and raised in present-day Georgia. | Joseph Stalin (or Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin; or Ioseb Besarionis dze Jughashvili) |
| Beverage that has been fermented in Georgia since at least 6000 BC and comes in several types such as Saperavi. | wine |
| Patron saint of Georgia, known for legendarily slaying a dragon, which is depicted on the national coat of arms. | Saint George of Lydda |
| Medieval queen who ruled from 1184 to 1213 during the Georgian Golden Age. | Tamar the Great (or Tamar Mepe) |
| Capital of colonial Brazil from 1763 to 1822. It also served as the capital of independent Brazil until 1960. | Rio de Janeiro |
| Primary European power that colonized Brazil and divided the world with Spain in the Treaty of Tordesillas [tor-deh-SEE-yas]. | Portugal |
| Crop whose "cane" form was a large export for colonial Brazil, requiring the import of African slaves. | Sugar (or Sugarcane |
| Portuguese navigator and explorer who first claimed parts of Brazil for Portugal in 1500. | Pedro Álvares Cabral |
| “Liberator,” founder, and first monarch of the Empire of Brazil, who led the Brazilian War of Independence. | Dom Pedro I (or Pedro IV of Portugal) |
| City in Bahia that was the first colonial capital of Brazil until 1763. | Salvador (or São Salvador da Bahia de Todos os Santos) |
| One woman with this surname was appointed to fill her late husband's U.S. Senate seat, making her the third woman to serve in the U.S. Senate. Another member of this family was known as "Uncle Earl" (+) and served two full non-consecutive terms as governor of one state. The most famous member of this family started the populist Share Our Wealth (*) movement and was assassinated in 1935. For ten points, name give this name shared by members of a Louisiana political dynasty that includes "Kingfish" Huey. | Long (accept Huey Long; accept Rose McConnell Long; accept Earl Long) |
| In this country, Murtala Muhammed overthrew the military leadership of Yakubu Gowon. Sani Abacha's military regime in this country executed Ken Saro-Wiwa for his criticism of (+) Royal Dutch Shell. During this country's civil war, Igbo [[EE-boh]] nationalists took control of a certain river delta and founded the breakaway republic of Biafra. (*) For ten points, name this country where Shehu Shagari moved the capital from Lagos to Abuja. | Nigeria (or Federal Republic of Nigeria; do not accept or prompt on “Niger”) |
| As the AWS, this organization beat out the Democratic Left Alliance and Freedom Union in 1997, but membership has steadily declined since. This group was formed in 1980 in the Lenin (+) Shipyard and eventually grew to include a third of all working adults in its country. In 1990, this organization’s leader was elected in his country’s first direct presidential election. Led by Lech Wałęsa [[LEHK vah-WEN-suh]], (*) for ten points, what was this trade union that is credited with ending Communist rule in Poland? | Solidarity (or Independent Self-Governing Trade Union “Solidarity”, or Solidarność [[soh-lee-DAHR-nozht]]; accept Akcja Wyborcza Solidarność; or Solidarity Electoral Action) |
| This philosopher, who was criticized by John Romanides, argued that since time was just a distension of memory, God could not have created the world in six days but instead did so in a single instant. (+) This philosopher defined evil as a "privation," or absence, of goodness. In his most famous book, this philosopher coined the term "just war." (*) For ten points, name this early Christian philosopher, the author of Confessions and The City of God. | Saint Augustine of Hippo |
| Some participants in this uprising were motivated by opposition to the Long Assembly. After convincing one group to attack the Susquehannock, this event's leader slaughtered many Occaneechi. Thomas Mathews indirectly instigated this uprising through his troubled dealings with the (+) Doeg people. The namesake instigator of this conflict died of dysentery while leading discontents against Governor William Berkeley. (*) For ten points, name this uprising that may have accelerated Virginia’s embrace of racial slavery. | Bacon’s Rebellion |
| A co-regent of this ruler, Lucius Verus, was likely killed by a smallpox outbreak described by Galen as the Antonine Plague. This man fathered fourteen children with his wife and cousin Faustina. (+) This man's general, Avidius Cassius, sacked the Parthian capital of Ctesiphon [TEH-seh-fohn] and this emperor also won the Marcomannic Wars. (*) For ten points, name this last of the Five Good Emperors that ruled from 161 to 180 AD, a Stoic philosopher known for his Meditations. | Marcus Aurelius (or Marcus Aurelius Antoninus) |
| In an effort to renew the Tripoli agreements, this politician met with leaders of the Moro National Liberation Front, which nearly created an autonomous region in Mindanao. (+) This person re-established the bicameral legislature of her country and oversaw the 1987 constitution following the dictatorial regime of Ferdinand Marcos. (*) For ten points, name this person, the first female President of the Philippines, referred to as the “mother of democracy,” who served from 1986 to 1992. | Corazon Aquino [[ah-KEE-noh]] (or Maria Corazon "Cory" Sumulong Cojuangco Aquino) [[ah-KEE-noh]]) |
| This scientist supposedly memorized large portions of Gibbon's Decline and Fall and discussed Civil War battles with his close friend Stanislaw Ulam, with whom he developed the first Monte Carlo method. (+) This scientist names a type of architecture that maps data and program memory to the same space. For the Manhattan Project, this mathematician worked on explosive lenses used in nuclear weapons. (*) For ten points, name this Hungarian-American pioneer of computer science. | John von Neumann [[NOY-mahn]] |
| An activist in this state who was awarded the 1963 NAACP Spingarn Medal pushed Gilbert R. Mason, Sr. to lead wade-ins to desegregate its beaches. Governor Ross Barnett gave an incendiary speech at a university in this state, where a French journalist was killed during a riot in which police protected the Lyceum building. (+) Byron de la Beckwith murdered an activist from this state, which was where the leader of the March Against Fear enrolled at a university in Oxford. James Meredith was admitted to a university in, (*) for ten points, what Southern state, the birthplace of Medgar Evers? | Mississippi |
| What Christian denomination was ensured in Scotland by the Acts of Union and was founded by John Knox? | Presbyterianism |