| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| An aircraft made by this company, which is under the designation D-INJR, set the 1939 world speed record. Behind the Ilyushin Il-2 [[I-L-2]], one of this company's aircraft was the second-most produced military aircraft in history and was flown by the ace Erich Hartmann. Those forced to work at Gusen within the Mauthausen Concentration Camp produced aircraft for this company such as the Bf 109. For the point, name this German manufacturer that created aircraft widely used by the Luftwaffe. | Messerschmitt AG (accept Messerschmitt Me 209; accept Messerschmitt Bf 109) |
| Despite never crashing, a vehicle of this designation that was to carry Scott McClellan after his resignation speech was eschewed in favor of a car. A 2005 contract set aside $6.1 billion for the development of a fleet of 28 vehicles with this designation, which grew to a per- unit cost of $400 million by 2008. VH-60N "White Hawks" or HMX-1 "Nighthawks" often carry this designation, which is replaced with the number two when Kamala Harris is aboard without Joe Biden. For the point, name this call sign given for presidential helicopters. | Marine One |
| An early phase of this campaign known as "Overcast" was named for the temporary housing in which the central figures' family members lived. The Osenberg List was used during this 1945 to 1959 campaign, which was carried out by the Counter-intelligence Corps. This campaign, named for the item attached to the folders of those affected, dealt with over 2,000 specialists, including developers of the V-2 rocket. For the point, what was this operation in which scientists were relocated from Nazi Germany to the U.S.? | Operation Paperclip (prompt on answers indicating the "relocation of German scientists") |
| Support personnel who assist this group are transported on a C-130 Hercules nicknamed "Fat Albert." A New York nightclub inspired the name of this group, which was assembled by the ace "Butch" Voris, an aviator selected by Ralph Davison. Chester Nimitz originally authorized the creation of this organization to drum up support for the Navy among the public. For the point, name this U.S. Navy flight demonstration squadron that often makes use of the Diamond Formation and flies the F/A-18 Super Hornet. | Blue Angels U.S. Navy Flight Demonstration Squadron (accept The Blue Angel) |
| 508 individuals began this process, which set a maximum weight ceiling at 180 pounds and a maximum height ceiling of 5 feet 11 inches. Gordon Cooper was the youngest to succeed during this process, which was finalized on April 9, 1959. Deke Slayton and Wally Schirra succeeded in this process, which required 1,500 hours of flight time among candidates who would later take part in the Gemini and Apollo missions. For the point, name this process of choosing members of what was alternatively known as Astronaut Group 1. | Selection of Mercury Seven Astronauts (accept equivalents regarding the selection of the Mercury Seven Astronauts; accept Original Seven in place of Mercury Seven; accept Astronaut Group 1 before mentioned; prompt on partial answers; prompt on "Astronauts") |
| An ELTA exhibition overseen by Albert Plesman contributed to the establishment of this international airline, which, in 2004, completed a merger with Air France. In 1924, this airline's earliest intercontinental flight took place aboard a Fokker F.VII [[F-7]] headed for Batavia. An early transatlantic flight in 1934 sent a plane from the capital city of this airline's nation to a colony formerly containing Curaçao [[KYOO-rah-sao]]. Operating primarily out of Schiphol [[SKIP-"hole"]] Airport in the city of Haarlemmermeer [[har-LEM-mehr-meer]] in North Holland, for the point, what airline is sometimes known as Royal Dutch Airlines? | KLM Royal Dutch Airlines (accept Koninklijke Luchtvaart Maatschappij N.V.; accept Royal Dutch Airlines before mentioned; accept Air France-KLM Group) |
| What was thought to be the only copy of "Chakrulo" in the U.S. was used to make these objects. Jimmy Iovine [["eye"-oh-VEE-neh]] engineered these objects, which used silhouettes after criticism of nudity in a previous plaque. The phrase Per aspera ad astra is included in Morse Code on one of these objects, which also employ whale songs. One of these objects includes a child's voice stating, "Hello from the children of Planet Earth." Launched in space in 1977, these are, for the point, what pair of phonographic records obtaining various sounds and images of depicting life on Earth? | Voyager Golden Record (accept either underlined answers) |
| Herbert Smith helped this organization design its Navy Type 10 Torpedo Bomber. Names like Jack and Sam were given to models designed by this company, which employed over 8,000 youths from Formosa to manufacture the former. In 2015, this company issued an apology to a group of prisoners of war forced to work in its Copper Mine. This company manufactured a dogfighter, sometimes given the designation "Zero," which was engineered by Jiro Horikoshi. For the point, name this Japanese conglomerate whose automobile models include the Outlander and the Eclipse? | Mitsubishi Group (accept Mitsubishi Gurūpu; accept Mitsubishi Keiretsu; accept Mitsubishi Aircraft Company; accept Mitsubishi Kokuki; accept Mitsubishi Shokai; accept Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.; accept Mitsubishi Jūkōgyō Kabushiki-kaisha) |
| A note carried during this effort read, "Take me to your leader, and there will be a massive reward for you in eternity." The USS Noa recovered the central participant in this event, who had said, "Oh, that view is tremendous." That central participant in this event experienced four minutes of radio silence before confirming his survival. Taking place aboard Friendship Seven in 1962, this is, for the point, what event which involved the third American in space, the first to accomplish one specific feat? | John Glenn's spaceflight in which he became the first American to orbit Earth (accept Friendship Seven flight before mentioned; prompt on "first American to orbit Earth" and similar answers not involving John Glenn; accept John Herschel Glenn, Jr. in place of John Glenn) |
| After a thorough attack on Battipaglia, this man was jokingly chided by General Andrew Spaatz who told him, "There's one crabapple tree and one stable still standing." The instrument-reliant practice of "blind flying" was promoted by this man, who notably utilized lighter-than-normal B-25s in an attack launched from the USS Hornet. That attack by this man was carried out roughly four months after the attack on Pearl Harbor and targeted Tokyo. For the point, name this Air Force general who conducted a namesake raid on Japan. | Jimmy Doolittle (or James Harold Doolittle; accept Doolittle Raid) |
| Sometimes nicknamed "the icy commander," this astronaut was inspired by Bob Hope to engage in one action. Before takeoff during a mission, this astronaut claimed that he was thinking about "the fact that every part of this ship was built by the lowest bidder." A module known as Antares was piloted by this man, who served as commander of the Apollo 14 mission. Freedom 7 was employed during a 1961 effort involving this man, which lasted for 15 minutes and was suborbital. For the point, name this first American to travel in space. | Alan Shepard (or Alan Bartlett Shepard Jr.) |
| A vehicle designed by this company, which made its first flight in 1972, was created after the Plowden Report's assessment of production costs led to a memorandum of understanding. The civilian arm of this organization is based near Toulouse. In 2010, the 6,000th delivery of this company was made to the UAE, consisting of a model of the largest passenger airliner ever made, its A380. For the point, name this major European aerospace manufacturer which competes with Boeing. | Airbus SE (accept Airbus Commercial Aircraft; accept Airbus S.A.S.; accept Airbus Defense and Space; accept Airbus Military; accept Airbus A380) |
| A board investigating this event included Frank Borman and was directed by Floyd L. Thompson. Joseph Francis Shea initially ordered the removal of a central agent of this event, which prompted one man to say, "Open 'er up" during a transmission. A spike in the voltage of AC Bus 2 caused this event, which contributed to the carbon monoxide poisoning of Ed White, Roger Chaffee, and Gus Grissom. Partly caused by combustible materials, this is, for the point, what 1967 tragedy in which a group of astronauts were killed during a preflight test? | Apollo 1 Fire (accept clear knowledge equivalents indicating the disaster on Apollo 1; accept death of Virgil Ivan "Gus" Grissom, Edward Higgins White II, and Roger Bruce Chaffee before mentioned; prompt on "Apollo 1") |
| A group of four operations using a vehicle designed by this company were referred to as Senior Bowl. The D-21 drone was built by this company and conducted surveillance operations above a Tarim Basin nuclear test site at Lop Nor. The "Deal of the Century" was a term given to a sale that was the subject of this company's bribery scandal of the 1970s. A top-secret Burbank facility operated by this company came to be known as Skunk Works. For the point, name this American aerospace manufacturer behind the F-35. | Lockheed Martin Corporation (accept Lockheed Corporation; accept Lockheed D-21; accept Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II) |
| Péter Eötvös's [[UHT-vush's]] Violin Concerto No. 1 was written in response to this event, which led to the creation of the Vision for Space Exploration. William C. McCool and Rick Husband were among those affected by this event, which occurred after a thermal projection system on a wing was struck by a piece of foam. In 2003's opening day Astros baseball game, a first pitch was thrown for each casualty in this event. For the point, name this fatal event in which the crew of a space shuttle was killed. | Space Shuttle Columbia disaster (accept STS-107 disaster; accept "crash" or equivalents in place of "disaster") |
| In 1910, Henry and Maurice Farman and Claude Grahame-White were among the earliest beneficiaries of this process, the latter of whom used a channel established by RAeC. Classifications like remote, sport, and recreational can be given during this process, which involves the distribution of a "type" rating. A knowledge test is included as part of this process, in which a certain number of operational hours must be logged. For the point, name this process of obtaining legal permission to fly. | Pilot Licensing (accept word forms and clear-knowledge equivalents such as Pilot Certification) |
| This man's thesis, Line-of-Sight Guidance Techniques for [one process], led him to be nicknamed "Doctor Rendezvous." A namesake cycler developed by this man calls for a trajectory that encounters Earth and Mars repeatedly. The book Magnificent Desolation was authored by this man, a Presbyterian elder who took communion during a July 21, 1969 undertaking. For the point, name this member of the Apollo 11 mission, the second man to step on the Moon. | Buzz Aldrin (or Edwin Eugene Aldrin Jr.; accept Aldrin cycler) |
| During a call prior to this event, the central pilot accidentally used the call sign "Cactus fifteen thirty-nine" rather than "Cactus fifteen forty-nine." Patrick Harten paused all departures shortly before this event, which occurred en route to Charlotte when its central aircraft hit a group of birds, cutting engine power. Tom Hanks starred in a film focused on this event carried out by Sully Sullenberger. For the point, name this event in which a flight headed out of LaGuardia Airport in New York set down in a nearby river. | Chesley Burnett "Sully" Sullenberger III's Hudson River landing (accept US Airways Flight 1549; accept Miracle on the Hudson) |
| Stephen Bungay's book The Most Dangerous Enemy focuses on this battle, in which telephone lines that swiftly received radar-based intel proved central to the Dowding System. During one speech, a politician claimed, "What General Weygand has called [another battle] is over," leading to the expectation that this battle "was about to begin." Operation Sea Lion was a planned invasion that was to occur after this battle, which occurred amid the Blitz. For the point, name this battle over a country containing Birmingham and London. | Battle of Britain (accept Air Battle for England) |
| The Kestrel series was developed by this company as a successor to the Fox. Lord Llangattock was the father of one of the founders of this company, which developed the Eagle for the Handley Page. This company's Merlin was designed to use water-cooling to help power Hawker Hurricanes and other aircraft employed by its country. A prolific producer of engines, this company operates an automobile subsidiary that sells the Phantom and Wraith among other luxury vehicles. For the point, name this British company who logo contains two Rs. | Rolls-Royce Holdings plc (accept Rolls-Royce Limited; accept Rolls-Royce Motor Cars; accept Rolls-Royce Kestrel; accept Rolls-Royce Eagle; accept Rolls-Royce Merlin; accept Rolls-Royce Phantom; accept Rolls-Royce Wraith) |
| An attack carried out by this organization near Tunis was known as Operation Wooden Leg. A SEAD campaign undergone by this organization targeted anti-aircraft weapons in the Beqaa Valley. Six F-15 fighters belonging to this organization targeted the Osiraq nuclear reactor in Iraq during Operation Opera. Ethiopians were flown over to one country during this organization's Operation Solomon. Fighting during the Yom Kippur War, for the point, what is this national military organization based in Tel Aviv? | Israeli Air Force (accept Israeli Air and Space Arm; accept Israeli Air Corps; prompt on partial answers; prompt on "Air Corps" or "Air Force" or "IAF") |
| This scientist claimed, "I will never be the same after yesterday" in a letter he wrote about his experiences witnessing 9/11 titled "The Horror, the Horror." With Donald Goldsmith, this man co-authored Origins. A former Princeton faculty member and current director of the Hayden Planetarium, this author of Death By Black Hole hosts a podcast series known as StarTalk. Though not Carl Sagan, this man hosted the 2014 series Cosmos. For the point, name this astrophysicist. | Neil deGrasse Tyson |
| Intrepid was one of the largest of these objects that Thaddeus Lowe designed to have increased durability relative to civilian counterparts. Fitz John Porter got into an accident involving one of these objects while headed behind enemy lines. A depiction of George McClellan being held by an eagle while carrying a U.S. flag is displayed on one of these objects, which is often lifted with the assistance of gas. Baskets were used to carry gear and Union soldiers in, for the point, what aerial objects? | Hot Air Balloons (accept Hydrogen Balloon; accept Gas Balloon) |
| While serving in a cavalry regiment, this man complained of not having signed up for the military in order "to collect cheese and eggs," after which he was transferred. After receiving the Blue Max, this man was given command of Jasta [[YAH-stah]] 11. A fighter wing consisting of four squadrons known as the "Flying Circus" was employed by this man, who already amassed 80 confirmed victories by the time he was killed in France in 1918. For the point, name this German ace known for his scarlet-painted planes. | Red Baron (or Baron Manfred Albrecht Freiherr von Richthofen) |
| This man developed a bitter rivalry with Christoph Scheiner after responding to the latter's Apelles Letters. Francesco Sizzi authored an attack on the ideas put forth by this man in the Siderius Nuncius. This man's viewing of darkened portions of a solar body can be found in the Letters on Sunspots, which challenged Aristotelian ideals about the perfection of heavenly bodies. Building on the heliocentric model of Copernicus, this is, for the point, which this Italian astronomer who was subjected to a famous trial? | Galileo Galilei (or Galileo di Vincenzo Bonaiuti de'Galilei; accept either underlined part) |
| During this war, George Edward Stratemeyer was forced to retire after experiencing a heart attack on base. Four P-80 Shooting Stars were used during an early battle of this war. In this war, F-86 Sabres, which were notably powered by jets, often engaged with the Type 14 aircraft manufactured by a Soviet company in a region named MiG Alley, located where the Yellow Sea receives the Yalu River. For the point, what war resulted in the 38th Parallel marking a boundary between two parts of a certain peninsula? | Korean War (accept 625 War; accept 625 Upheaval; accept Fatherland Liberation War) |
| Mines Field evolved into this place, which, though not in New York, is found in the Westchester neighborhood. Found near an airport named for John Wayne, this place underwent a massive expansion in anticipation of the Summer Olympic Games in 1984. Earlier, this location struggled to establish itself due to historical reliance by carriers on nearby Burbank Airport. For the point, name this airport that serves a Southern California city. | KLAX (accept Los Angeles International Airport) |
| Mechanical computers cranked by hand were used by this country to develop the T- 7, which was this country's earliest sounding rocket. Base 603 was established by the space program of this country, which made use of Department 581. Within this country, the "Two Bombs, One Satellite" effort was affected by its Anti-Rightist Campaign. Project 651 was run by this country, which has landed reusable spacecraft near Lop Nur. In 1970, this country launched its earliest space satellite, known as "The East is Red." For the point, name this large Asian country. | People's Republic of China (or Zhōngguó; or PRC; accept Zhonghua Renmin Gongheguo) |
| Along with Elliot See, this man was a member of the backup crew for Gemini 5. This man accompanied David Scott on a mission in which he performed a docking of two aircraft, and that 1966 Gemini 8 mission was this man's initial spaceflight. Peter Shann Ford found that the word "a" was used in a quote attributed to this astronaut, who hailed from Ohio. Famously stating that an action was "one giant leap for mankind," this is, for the point, what astronaut, first man to step foot on the Moon? | Neil Armstrong (or Neil Alden Armstrong) |
| Charles F. Curry helped bring forth legislation for the creation of this place that was intended to establish a "permanent backbone" for one organization. Carl Spaatz and Charles Lindbergh were among commissioners who decided the location of this place, which was temporarily set up at Lowry Field in Denver before later moving to Colorado Springs. After leaving this place, cadets become second lieutenants and are given a Bachelor of Science. For the point, name this U.S. educational institution. | United States Air Force Academy (accept USAFA; prompt on partial answers) |
| A weapon of this type, developed during the Song Dynasty, was called the Fire Crow. Samuel Franklin Cody was known for using these objects, which Robert Baden-Powell employed to take photographs of camps around the Modder River. One of these objects helped put an antenna in place that allowed Guglielmo Marconi to receive a 1901 transatlantic radio message. Anchors can be found on these objects, one of which was the subject of an electricity experiment by Ben Franklin. Many South Asian countries have a fighting sport involving, for the point, what flying objects attached to strings? | Kites (accept Kite Fighting; accept Fighter Kites) |