| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A 1971 Supreme Court case named for opposing parties with this surname ruled against differential treatment based on sex. The U.S. representative for New York's 23rd congressional district who replaced Eric Massa in 2010 has this surname. A Speaker of the House with this surname stopped the "disappearing quorum" tactic by counting all members as present even if they ignored the roll call. For ten points, give this surname of U.S. politician Thomas Brackett, sometimes referred to as "Czar." | Reed (accept Reed v. Reed; accept Tom Reed; accept Thomas Brackett Reed) |
| Charles Colson once suggested that this organization should be attacked in a firebombing. This organization’s first president, Harry Moulton, organized a movement against FDR’s National Recovery Act. This organization was founded by the merger of three organizations including its namesake’s graduate school, which was linked to Washington University of St. Louis. Haim Saban previously was the namesake of this organization's Center of Middle Eastern Policy. For ten points, name this think tank, seen as the American Enterprise Institute's left-leaning counterpart. | The Brookings Institution |
| This man translated the First Helvetic Confession into English and served as a bodyguard in defense of George Wisehart. This man considered kneeling during communion idolatrous, leading to the Black Rubric. French forces under Leone Strozzi [[leh-OH-neh STROH-tsee]] captured this man and turned him into a galley slave. This man wrote the five- volume tome The History of the Reformation in Scotland. This man wrote a "first blast of a trumpet" criticizing the unnatural "monstrous regiment of women," targeting Mary I of England. For ten points, name this Scottish reformer, the founder of Presbyterianism. | John Knox |
| This man claimed that like that of the “white man," the heart of a slave “swells with love... [and] aches with sorrow” in a legal brief written during the Creole case. This man succeeded Leroy Walker in one post and used his experience as a lawyer in New Orleans to serve as Attorney General under Jefferson Davis. Strategies for dealing with the Union blockade were brainstormed by this man, who was named after a relative who oversaw his brit milah ceremony. For ten points, name this Confederate Secretary of State, a politician of Jewish descent. | Judah P (hilip) Benjamin |
| During a conflict with police, one leader of this country said, “If you want to kill the president, here he is, kill him if you have the guts." This country faced 2019 anti-austerity demonstrations at Carondelet [[kah-ROHN-deh-let]] Palace and a raid on Pichincha [[pee- CHEEN-chah]] Universal. Julian Assange was granted asylum in an embassy of this country, which elected the Guillermo Lasso as president in 2021. For ten points, name this South American country which faced 2015 inheritance tax protests against the Alianza País [[pah- YEES]]. | Republic of Ecuador (accept República del Ecuador) |
| A royal huntsman was the dedicatee of a painting by this artist which depicts the competition between Arachne [[ah-RAHK-nee]] and Athena. A Flemish artist's painting of the Hungarian king, Ferdinand IV, may have inspired one of this artist’s paintings of a “humane captain.” A checkered flag and lances feature in that work by this artist paying homage to Ambrogio [[ahm-BROH-zhoh]] Spinola. A painting featuring an Infanta, a dog, and two people with dwarfism was completed by this man for Philip IV. For ten points, name this artist of The Surrender of Breda and Las Meninas. | Diego Velázquez |
| This battle included Operation Scotland II [[TWO]], and it ended in the termination of the McNamara Line. A combined force lifted the siege at this battle via Operation Pegasus. Operation Niagara was launched during this battle, at which William Westmoreland planned to use nuclear weapons. This battle followed the Hill Fights and the Battle of Dak To [[DAHK TOH]]. For ten points, name this 1968 Vietnam War battle in which a besieged American force avoided losing to the North Vietnamese in Quảng Trị [[KWAHNG TREE]] Province. | Battle of Khe Sanh [[KEH-SAHN]] |
| One ruler with this first name captured a castle at Mold after a prince’s defeat at the hands of the Earl of Essex. A skirmish at Cilmeri [[kil-MEH-dee]] led to the death of another man with this first name, who was married to Eleanor Montfort. That man with this first name was forced to accept limits on his domain in the Treaty of Aberconwy, which stabilized his territory in Gwynedd [[GWIN-eth]]. Though not Scottish, Edward Longshanks carried out a campaign against a ruler of this name often known “the Last” or ap Gruffydd [[GRIF-ith]]. For ten points, give this name shared by several Welsh rulers. | Llywelyn (accept Llywelyn the Great, Llywelyn mab Iorwerth, Llywelyn ap Gruffufdd, or Llywelyn the Last) |
| After this man's trial, Judge William Johnson wrote a letter questioning the trial's fairness. Joe LaRoche and George Wilson, as well as Peter Prioleau [[pree-oh-LOH]], betrayed this man, leading to the deployment of an armed force under James Hamilton. This man earned his independence after winning the lottery, marrying a woman named Beck, and founding the "Bethel circuit." This man planned an event for Bastille Day, after which he intended to sail to Haiti. For ten points, name this man who led a failed 1822 slave revolt in Charleston. | Denmark Vesey (accept Telemaque) |
| At this battle, Titus Statilius Taurus, the last man to hold multiple consulships, received the surrender of his opponent's land forces. The use of Liburnian vessels and the defection of Quintus Dellius helped one side win this battle. Marcus Agrippa fought in this battle against Lucius Gellius Polico and Gaius Sosius. The city of Nicopolis was founded after this battle, which took place in the Ambracian Gulf. After this battle, a ruler took the name Augustus. For ten points, name this 31 BC naval battle near Greece in which Cleopatra and Mark Antony lost to Octavian. | Battle of Actium |
| This law may be legally circumvented using the Noerr-Pennington Doctrine and the Parker immunity doctrine of state sovereignty. Alan Greenspan claimed this law killed many products and inventions. An Ohio senator names this law which deals with violations that are "per se" and of the "rule of reason." This law, which was modified by the Clayton Act, was used against Northern Securities Company and Standard Oil, among other monopolies. For ten points, name this 1890 antitrust act. | Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 |
| While in Congress, John Sherman voted in favor of an amendment sponsored by this former Secretary of the Treasury and governor of Ohio, which was an attempt to appease slave states and avoid the oncoming Civil War. | Thomas "Tom" Corwin (accept Corwin Amendment) |
| One man claimed that the location for this meeting was chosen because “none of the big powers would be offended.” During this meeting, one leader asked another if he was willing to "turn down a historic opportunity because of a single word." One side at this meeting called for the restriction of SDI research to laboratories, which contributed to the breakdown of negotiations. This meeting led to the signing of the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty a year later in 1987. For ten points, name this summit between Mikhail Gorbachev and Ronald Reagan. | Reykjavík Summit |
| Due to China's growth of missile forces and the suggestion of Russian non- compliance, this U.S. president suspended the 1987 Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty. Russia did the same the following day. | Donald Trump |
| John C. Taylor bought this man's work as part of the Ordway-Rand collection. Special end tables were named for this man's "Stands," which featured cast iron bases and an extendible pipe leg. Levin Corbin Handy took over this man's business, which had a studio at 359 Broadway. William Page trained this man, who created the Gallery of Illustrious Americans. Alexander Gardner and Timothy O'Sullivan worked as assistants for this man, who produced works like The Dead of Antietam. For ten points, name this Civil War photographer. | Mathew Brady |
| Mathew Brady studied painting with this man, a noted portraitist who painted luminaries such as James Monroe and the Marquis de Lafayette. This man, also noted as an inventor, learned the daguerreotype process directly from Louis Daguerre and passed his knowledge on to Brady. | Samuel F (inley) B (reese) Morse |
| The title of this film based on a Humphrey Cobb novel comes from Thomas Gray's "Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard." This film received criticism from the French military, which objected to its portrayal of their organization. This 1957 film is based on a true story of four French soldiers who were executed as an example to other troops. While not as well-known as Dr. Strangelove, many consider this to be Stanley Kubrick's greatest film. For ten points, name this anti-war film set during World War One and starring Kirk Douglas as Colonel Dax. | Paths of Glory |
| Stanley Kubrick also directed this historical film set during the Third Servile War, in which the protagonist is joined by Antoninus and falls in love with Varinia. | Spartacus |
| This woman helped oversee the creation of the Rapidan Camp, which was a precursor to Camp David. This woman helped create the first English translation of the Latin text De Re Metallica. While her husband was a cabinet member, this woman served as president of the Girl Scouts of the USA. This student of Mandarin travelled extensively with her husband while he worked as a mining engineer. This woman was the only female geology major during her time at Stanford, where she met her husband. For ten points, name this First Lady during the presidency of FDR’s predecessor. | Lou Hoover |
| Although Herbert and Lou Hoover met in California, they were born and raised just 90 miles apart from one another, in West Branch and Waterloo respectively, in this U.S. state. | Iowa |
| Along with the Hanbo scandal, this event contributed to serious economic issues for South Korea. This event resulted in the collapse of Finance One, the largest finance company of the country in which it originated. This event was a significant cause of Suharto's fall from power, due to the rupiah being drastically devalued. For ten points, name this 1997 event which started with the collapse of the Thai baht, triggering capital flight and a major market slump in countries including Indonesia and Malaysia. | 1997 Asian Financial Crisis (accept Tom Yum Koong crisis) |
| The Asian Financial Crisis caused Kia Motors to ask the government for emergency loans, eventually leading to their takeover by this largest car manufacturer in South Korea, the third largest in the world behind Toyota and Volkswagen. | Hyundai Motor Group (or Hyundai Motor Company) |
| This man wrote his own epitaph which read, “No friend ever served me, and no enemy ever wronged me, whom I have not repaid in full.” In the Campanian town of Nola, this man received the Grass Crown for his defeat of various Italic tribes in the Social War. The Sack of Athens was overseen by this man, who ordered mass executions of members of the equites [[EH-kwee-tehs]]. This man led a coup that was enabled by his rival’s military reforms which gave generals stronger control of their armies. For ten points, name this rival of Gaius Marius who revived the office of dictator in the late Roman Republic. | Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix |
| After considering his work done, Sulla retired to his country estate, drawing comparisons to this legendary early Republican figure who returned to his plow after being given near absolute power to defeat an invasion of Rome. | Lucius Quintius Cincinnatus |
| Charles Diggs was the first chairman of this group which, in 2006, rejected Steve Cohen’s application to join it. Chaired by Karen Bass, this organization was founded by thirteen individuals including John Conyers. In 2011, Allen West became the first Republican member of this organization in fourteen years. In 2020, clothing made of kente cloth was handed out by members of this group to those House members observing 8 minutes and 46 seconds of silence. For ten points, name this caucus consisting entirely of African-Americans. | Congressional Black Caucus (or CBC) |
| The predecessor to the CBC, the Democratic Select Committee, was founded by a group including this woman from New York, the first Black woman ever elected to the U.S. Congress. | Shirley Chisholm |
| State in which he helped capture Fort Ticonderoga. | New York |
| Military post Arnold offered to surrender to Britain for 20,000 pounds. | West Point |
| British officer whose capture revealed Arnold's treason. | John André |
| New England colony of which Arnold's ancestor of the same name served as president. | Rhode Island and Providence Plantations |
| Spy ring led by Benjamin Tallmadge which uncovered his treason. | Culper Ring |
| British ship on which he fled after his betrayal was uncovered. | HMS Vulture |
| Loyalist spy with whom he moved to England after they got married. | Peggy Shippen |
| Connecticut battle at which he led British forces at Fort Griswold. | Battle of Groton Heights |
| Two countries that swap Pheasant Island in the Basque Country every six months. | Kingdom of Spain and France (accept French Republic) |
| Mediterranean Island country whose entire population was awarded the George Cross in 1942. | Republic of Malta (or Repubblika ta' Malta) |
| Archipelago off Morocco where two airplanes crashed into each other in 1977 over Tenerife [[teh-nuh-REEF]]. | Canary Islands (or Canaries; or Islas Canarias) |
| Nation which owns the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard, which is entirely visa-free per a 1920 treaty. | Kingdom of Norway |
| Danish island that was occupied by the Soviets after Gerhard von Kamptz was told to surrender to the Allies. | Bornholm |
| Autonomous Swedish-speaking archipelago which the League of Nations ruled to be Finnish. | Åland [[OH-lund]] Islands |
| Southernmost island of Iceland, which breached the ocean surface in 1963 and is named for a fire giant. | Surtsey (prompt on "Surtr") |
| Archipelago on which the Soviet Union tested the Tsar Bomba. | Novaya Zemlya (or Nova Zembla) |
| City they founded which fought Rome in the Punic Wars. | Carthage |
| Natural reddish-purple dye named after a Phoenician city. | Tyrian purple (accept Tyre)) |
| Native tree depicted on the modern flag of Lebanon. | Cedar |
| Mediterranean island occupied by Quintus Balearicus after the Second Punic War. | Mallorca [[mah-YOR-kah]] |
| Afro-Asiatic language family to which their language belonged. | Semitic Family |
| Mythical king of Thebes who brought their alphabet to Greece. | Cadmus |
| Narrow-necked ceramic container used to transport Phoenician wine. | Amphoras (accept amphorae) |
| King who built a palace in Jerusalem for King David. | Hiram I |
| Melissus commanded the forces of this island in a conflict with a major city- state. One of the earliest tunnels with two openings was this island's Eupalinian [[yoo-pah-LIN-ee-an]] aqueduct. On this island a road that crossed over the Imbrasos River came to be known as the (+) Sacred Way and linked to a temple dedicated to the goddess Hera. The idea that mathematical equations govern planetary motion was proposed by a native of this island who found a way to calculate the (*) hypotenuse length in a right triangle. For ten points, name this Greek island on which Pythagoras was born. | Samos |
| Debby Applegate won a Pulitzer Prize for a biography of this man titled The Most Famous Man in America. A confession that was reported to Elizabeth Cady Stanton resulted in a court case that challenged this man’s denouncement of free (+) love. That widely reported trial dealt with this man’s affair with Elizabeth Tilton. Sharps manufactured a set of weapons sent to abolitionists in (*) Kansas that became known as this man’s namesake "Bibles." For ten points, name this abolitionist orator who was the brother of the author of Uncle Tom’s Cabin. | Henry Ward Beecher (prompt on "Beecher" or "Harriet Beecher Stowe" after "Uncle Tom's Cabin" is mentioned; accept Beecher's Bibles before "Uncle Tom's Cabin" is mentioned) |
| In 1321, the poet Dante died in exile in this city. Roman empress consort Galla Placidia [[GAH-luh plah-KID-ee-uh]] lent her name to a famous mausoleum in this city, one of many monuments contributing to this city's namesake UNESCO World Heritage Site. This city served as the capital of the (+) Ostrogothic kingdom until it was reconquered by the Byzantines in 540 AD, after which its Basilica of San Vitale [[vee-TAH-leh]] became home to a mosaic of (*) Justinian and Theodora. For ten points, name this city in the Emilia-Romagna region of modern Italy. | Ravenna |
| Nicolas Bergasse [[behr-GAHS]] was a student of this man and systematized his teachings. Francisca Osterlin was the subject of a treatment by this man who created an “artificial tide” which involved the ingestion of an iron mixture. That technique by this man was investigated by a (+) Louis XVI-appointed commission which included Benjamin Franklin and relied on the belief that one, all-encompassing fluid could influence and heal people. This man dubbed that pseudoscientific force (*) “animal magnetism." For ten points, name this German doctor whose theory has become synonymous with "hypnosis." | Franz Mesmer (accept Mesmerism; accept Mesmerize) |
| Viola Spolin taught improvisation lessons at this place, where a music school was founded by Eleanor Sophia Smith. This location served the Greek Delta and Little Italy and included medical professional Alice Hamilton. Wallace (+) Kirkland photographed children at this location where the Great Ladies of Halsted Street created the Little Theatre Movement. Ellen Gates (*) Starr co-founded this location, whose other founder was inspired by London's Toynbee Hall. For ten points, name this settlement house in Chicago co-founded by Jane Addams. | Hull House |
| Prior to this battle, William Bliss responded to a demand for surrender by stating "I beg leave to say that I decline acceding to your request.” One side unknowingly selected George Washington’s birthday as the date of this battle, which boosted the morale of the (+) American side. Occurring near Saltillo [[sal-TEE-yo]], this battle is sometimes alternatively named for a site translating to “the narrow place,” or La (*) Angostura. For ten points, name this victory for Zachary Taylor in the Northern theatre of the Mexican-American War. | Battle of Buena Vista (accept Battle of La Angostura before mentioned) |
| This man arranged for a publication by Benjamin Martyn "to the Trustees" of one colony to appear in several newspapers. William Stephens and Henry Parker succeeded this man as governor. This man attacked Thomas Bambridge, the warden of Fleet (+) Prison, as the head of the Gaols [[JAILS]] Committee. This man banned rum and slavery in his colony and focused the economy on wine and silk. This man defeated a Spanish invasion at the Battle of (*) Bloody Marsh. Establishing a colony as a debtors' haven, for ten points, what planner of Savannah founded the colony of Georgia? | James Oglethorpe |
| Stuart Manley re-popularized this five-word phrase after finding an original document containing it while sorting through used books. Originally part of the “Home Publicity” program, this phrase is often conflated with a national attitude typified by the (+) “stiff upper lip.” During an imitation that became popular during the COVID-19 pandemic, the second part of this phrase is replaced with “wash your hands.” Often written below a (*) Tudor crown on motivational posters since 1939, for ten points, what phrase was originally created to urge Brits to not panic during the Second World War? | "Keep Calm and Carry On" |
| A 171-day long assembly during the reign of this monarch became known as the "Longest Legislature." John Owen Dominis served as prince consort during the reign of this monarch, who was opposed by a non-French Committee of Safety. A group including (+) Lorrin Thurston opposed this monarch’s attempts to reform the 1887 Bayonet Constitution. (*) Sanford Dole helped to overthrow this monarch, who ruled from Iolani Palace. The song "Aloha 'Oe" was written by, for ten points, what queen of Hawaii? | Liliʻuokalani (accept Lydia Liliʻu Loloku Walania Kamakaʻeha) |
| This doctor, a defender of the sans-culottes, published the periodical "Friend of the People" and was assassinated by the Girondin, Charlotte Corday. | Jean-Paul Marat [[mah-RAH]] |