| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A painting by this artist is housed at the Princeton University Art Museum, titled Young Woman in a Black and Green Bonnet. Edgar Degas [[deh-GAH]] created a painting of this artist titled [This Woman] Seated, Holding Cards. This artist was described by journalist Gustave Geffroy as one of the "three great ladies of Impressionism." For the point, name this American Impressionist artist whose paintings include The Boating Party and Summertime. | Mary Cassatt (or Mary Stevenson Cassatt) |
| This woman critiqued feminist extremism in her 1981 book The Second Stage. In 1970, this woman led a 20,000-woman march in New York City as part of the Women's Strike for Equality. In 1966, this woman, along with Shirley Chisholm and Muriel Fox, founded the National Organization for Women and served as the organization’s first president. For the point, name this feminist whose 1963 book The Feminine Mystique is credited with sparking the second wave of American feminism. | Betty Friedan (or Bettye Naomi Goldstein) |
| After taking a photo in this country, its photographer claimed that he was "haunted by the killings & corpses" in a note he wrote before he committed suicide. That man, Kevin Carter, took a photo near this country's village of Ayod showing a starving child being eyed by a vulture. That photo was taken in the Jonglei region of this country where photographs taken in refugee camps and marketplaces depict mounted militias known as the Janjaweed. For the point, name this country with cities like Omdurman and Khartoum. | Republic of the Sudan (or Jumhūriyyat as-Sūdān; accept Republic of South Sudan or Nilotic Republic before "Janjaweed" as the first photo was taken in what is now South Sudan before creation of the country in 2011) |
| This organization established the U.S. Adopted Names Council in 1967 to assign non- proprietary designations to chemical compounds. In the 1960s and 70s, this organization's Committee on Quackery judged it unethical for physicians to refer patients to chiropractors. This organization inducted its first female member, Sarah Hackett Stevenson, in 1876 as a delegate from the Illinois State Medical Society. For the point, name this organization of doctors and medical students whose namesake journal is published 48 times per year. | American Medical Association (or A.M.A.; accept Journal of the American Medical Association) |
| One account claims this man died from choking on a grape during the Anthesteria festival, while another claims he died of happiness after his final victory at the City Dionysia. Of this man's over 120 works, only seven complete plays survive, including three concerning the fate of Thebes. This man won 24 dramatic competitions in the city-state of Athens, beating the likes of Aeschylus and Euripides. For the point, name this ancient Greek tragedian whose works include Oedipus Rex and Antigone. | Sophocles |
| Numerous important rules were added to this game by a great-grandson of Cornelius Vanderbilt named Harold. One theory claims that Crimean War soldiers invented the name of this game, inspired by a feature in Galata. The first book known to publish the rules of this game was subtitled "or Russian Whist." Warren Buffett is a noted player of this game, which often includes the word "contract" in its name. Calls and bids can be made in, for the point, what trick-taking playing card game consisting of two teams of two? | Contract Bridge (accept Biritch, or Russian Whist; accept Russian Whist; prompt on "Whist"; accept Rubber Bridge; accept Duplicate Bridge) |
| During this kingdom's first expedition to America, the Fogel Grip and Kalmar Nyckel anchored on the Minquas Kill at a landing now named after this kingdom. In the mid-19th century, the newspaper Aftonbladet published testimonials from Gustaf Unonius that encouraged emigration from this kingdom to the United States. Fort Christina was the first North American settlement of, for the point, what kingdom whose namesake colony was conquered by the Dutch during the Second Northern War? | Kingdom of Sweden (accept New Sweden; accept Konungariket Sverige; prompt on "Swedes' Landing") |
| A 2005 Kehinde Wiley painting depicts this figure as a Black man wearing Timberland boots and a bandana. To counteract reports that he ordered the death of plague victims during a retreat from Syria, this figure commissioned a painting of himself visiting ill soldiers at a monastery in the Ottoman city of Jaffa. This figure's name appears alongside Karolus Magnus and Hannibal in a painting of this figure on a rearing horse at St. Bernard Pass. For the point, name this figure whom Jacques-Louis David depicted "Crossing the Alps" in 1801. | Napoleon Bonaparte (accept Napoleone Buonaparte; accept either underlined portion; accept Napoleon I; accept Napoleon Crossing the Alps) |
| One ruler of this empire annexed territory of the nomadic Scythian-descended Saka people. The Buddhist pilgrim Faxian [[FAH-SHE-AHN]] visited this empire, which was chronicled by Megasthenes [[meh-GAS-theh-nees]]. The Shunga Dynasty succeeded this empire, which first established Nalanda University. This empire was led by a ruler who converted to Buddhism after the Kalinga War. Samudra and two Chandras ruled, for the point, what empire which controlled Northern India from the 4th to the 6th century? | Gupta Empire |
| Notable London buildings in this style include the Barbican Centre and the Royal National Theatre. This style's "New" form was described by Alison and Peter Smithson, who designed the Robin Hood Gardens. London's Trellick Tower was designed in this style by the Hungarian-born Ernő Goldfinger. North American examples of this style of architecture include Boston City Hall and Habitat 67 in Montreal as well as the stations of the Washington Metro. For the point, name this mid-20th century architectural style, known for its use of geometric forms and exposed concrete. | Brutalist Architecture (or Brutalism; accept New Brutalism) |
| This member of Parliament for the City of Westminster was the second MP to petition for women's suffrage. This writer contrasted the vulgarity of the Restoration era with the "moral intolerance" of the Puritans to argue against government prohibitions on actions that are only harmful to oneself. This man compared the subjugation of women to slavery in a book possibly co-written with his wife, Harriet. For the point, name this English Utilitarian who wrote On Liberty. | John Stuart Mill |
| This city's Ahmed Baba Institute is named for a Sanhaja scholar from the 17th century. Leo Africanus wrote of the fabulous wealth of this city, whose sites include the Djinguereber [[JING-wehr-eh-BEHR]] Mosque. An Andalusian architect used mud and wood for the design of this city's Sankore Madrasa. This city, to the north of the Niger [[nee- ZHEHR]] River, flourished from the salt and gold trade after a visit by Mansa Musa. For the point, name this center of trade in Mali. | Timbuktu (accept Tombouctou; accept Tumbutu) |
| This man was a commentator on Antarctic sightseeing flights and was almost scheduled onto the fatal Flight 901 that crashed into Ross Island. A statue of this man faces toward Aoraki, and this man, who was the first to complete the "Three Poles" challenge, is depicted alongside a penguin on New Zealand's five-dollar note. This man founded the Himalayan Trust to aid the Sherpa people. For the point, name this man who, with Tenzing Norgay, completed the first summit of Mount Everest. | Edmund Hillary (or Sir Edmund Percival Hillary) |
| This man competed with Emanuel Vigeland [[VIG-lahnd]] to paint the walls of a famous Aula in a city then known as Kristiania. In 2012, one copy of a painting by this man sold at auction for $120 million to a member of the Olsen shipping family. This man, who appears on his country's 1,000 kroner note, also painted Madonna and The Sick Child. For the point, name this Norwegian painter who, in 1893, experienced an "infinite scream passing through nature" that inspired his best-known work. | Edvard Munch [[MOONK]] |
| Juan Antonio Lavalleja [[lah-vah-YEH-hah]] was an early leader of this country, whose national hero is José Artigas. Manuel Oribe of this country's National Party clashed in this country's capital with Fructuoso Rivera of the Colorado Party. The foundation of this country originated in the actions of a group called the Thirty-Three Orientals. This country, Brazil, and Argentina clashed with Paraguay in the War of the Triple Alliance. For the point, name this South American country on the north side of the Rio de la Plata. | Oriental Republic of Uruguay (accept República Oriental del Uruguay) |
| In the 17th century, this region's society was reorganized around the Eight Banners to unify the fragmented Jurchen peoples. This region, the "Outer" reaches of which were ceded to Russia in in the Treaties of Aigun and Peking, was settled by Han civilians in the period of "Chuang Guandong." In 1931, the Kwantung Army invaded this region and created a puppet state under Puyi, the last Qing [[CHING]] emperor. For the point, name this Chinese region which borders Mongolia, Russia, and North Korea. | Manchuria (accept Manchukuo; accept Dongbei; accept Guandong before mentioned; accept Outer Manchuria) |
| An ultranationalist organization from this country worked with Macedonian assassin Vlado Chernozemski to assassinate Alexander the Unifier during a state visit to Marseille. In 1939, this country became an autonomous Banovina led by Ivan Šubašić [[shoo-BAH-shitch]], with support from its eponymous Peasant Party. Italy and Germany collaborated during World War Two to create an "independent state" in this country led by the ultranationalist Ustaše [[ooh-STAH-sheh]]. For the point, name this Mediterranean country which gained independence from Yugoslavia in 1991. | Republic of Croatia (or Republika Hrvatska; accept Banovina of Croatia; accept Croatian Peasant Party; accept Independent State of Croatia) |
| After a church refused to pay taxes to the newly-independent government of this country, nearly 700 people were killed and Alice Lenshina was arrested during the Lumpa uprising. The city of Ndola can be found in the Copperbelt Province of this country, which was once led by Kenneth Kaunda, whose 27-year rule was ended by the victory of this country's Movement for Multi-Party Democracy in 1991. For the point, name this African country, formerly known as Northern Rhodesia. | Republic of Zambia (accept Northern Rhodesia before "27-year" is mentioned) |
| A factor that contributed to this conflict was a cross-border military operation known as Operation Shredder. Immediately after this conflict, an eschewing of "negotiations," "recognition," and "peace" constituted the "Three No's" of the Khartoum Resolution. An attack on the village of Samu instigated this conflict, as did the closure of the Straits of Tiran. The Golan Heights were gained by one side in this 1967 conflict. For the point, name this conflict in which a coalition of Jordan, Egypt, and Syria faced Israel. | Six-Day War (accept June War; accept 1967 Arab-Israeli War; accept Third Arab-Israeli War; accept Harb 1967; prompt on "1967" war; prompt on "The Setback") |
| In 1937, guerrillas under this man's command defeated a Japanese detachment in the town of Pochonbo. This man, who allegedly founded the Down-with-Imperialism Union at the age of 14, joined the Chinese Communist Party after being thrown out of his own country's equivalent for his excessive nationalism. Though his son succeeded him after his death in 1994, this man holds the title of Eternal Leader to this day. For the point, name this man whose grandson, Kim Jong-un, now serves as Supreme Leader of North Korea. | Kim Il-sung (accept Kim Song-ju; prompt on partial answers) |
| The Aceh [[AH-cheh]] Empire requested this ruler's aid against the Portuguese, from whom this ruler's admiral had failed to seize the city of Diu in India. This ruler's Ruthenian consort, Roxelana, was captured by Tatars in Crimea and became the first of the Sultanate of Women. This ruler worked with Ebussud Effendi to harmonize kanun [[kah-NOON]] with Sharia law, giving him the name "Law-Giver." For the point, name this sultan who ruled the Ottoman Empire from 1520 to 1566 during its Golden Age. | Suleiman the Magnificent (or Suleiman I; accept Suleiman the Lawgiver before mentioned, prompt afterward) |
| Before this battle, Tyrrhastiadas [[tee-rah-stee-AH-duss]] allegedly warned one side of impending conflict. During this battle, a contingent of Thespians under Demophilus [[dem- AH-fil-ooss]] committed themselves to fight to the death. One part of this battle's site is known as the "Hot Gates" for the hot springs located near its three constrictions. A traitor named Ephialtes [[eff-FEE-ahl-tees]] guided one side through a mountain path during this battle, and the Phocians who guarded it retreated. For the point, name this battle during which a Persian army encircled Spartan forces under Leonidas [[lee-oh-NYE-duss]]. | Battle of Thermopylae [[ther-MAH-pih-lee]] |
| For this king, Étienne Boileau [[bwah-LOH]] compiled the various gold standards used by Parisian guilds. Assisted by his brother, Alphonse of Poitiers [[PWAH-tyeh]], this man engaged English forces on a bridge above the Charente [[shah-RAHNT]] River during the Battle of Taillebourg [["tie"-BOHRG]]. A Life of [this king] was written by Jean de Joinville [[zhwahn-VEE-yuh]] and covers his experiences fighting in the Seventh Crusade. This thirteenth century ruler built a "Holy Chapel" and other buildings that contributed to him obtaining one title. For the point, name this only French king to be canonized. | Louis IX [[the Ninth]] (accept St. Louis; accept Louis the Saint; accept Life of St. Louis) |
| A document called YBC 7289 from this city gives an approximation of the square root of 2 as four sexagesimal figures. Two documents found at Senkerah near this city give the squares of numbers up to 59 and the cubes of numbers up to 32. Plimpton 322, from this city, contains one of the earliest lists of Pythagorean triples. A civilization named for this city was aware that pi could be approximated to 3, as recounted in a tablet from Susa. For the point, name this city south of present-day Baghdad, the center of a civilization whose math used cuneiform numerals. | Babylonia (accept Babylonian Empire; accept Babylonians) |
| The Central African Republic made this form of payment legal tender in 2022. Newly elected New York mayor Eric Adams gained publicity from saying that he would accept his first paycheck with this form of payment. Satoshis are smaller units of this payment form, which Nayib Bukele spearheaded reforms to make legal tender in El Salvador. Perpetrators of ransomware crimes often demand, for the point, what type of cryptocurrency. | Bitcoin (accept clear knowledge equivalents mentioning Bitcoin) |
| Many inhabitants of this region were targeted during Operation Demetrius and interned at Long Kesh. The Orange Order was founded in this region as an offshoot of the Peep o' Day Boys after the Battle of the Diamond. David Trimble and John Hume won a Nobel Peace Prize for their efforts in this region which culminated in the 1998 Good Friday Agreement. For the point, name this region of the United Kingdom which is known for its Protestant leanings and revolutionary history. | Northern Ireland (do not accept or prompt on "Republic of Ireland" or "Ireland") |
| A William Blake poem named after this event includes the words "Necker rise, leave the kingdom" in reference to a controversial finance minister involved in this event. In the Anatole France novel The Gods Will Have Blood, painter Évariste Gamelin [[gah-meh-LAHN]] dies in the third year of this event, which is also depicted in Charles Dickens's A Tale of Two Cities. For the point, British Conservative Edmund Burke wrote a pamphlet defending hereditary aristocracies and the Bourbon monarchy during what event. | French Revolution (accept Reign of Terror) |
| This country, where "systemic opposition" provides nominal electoral competition, once had a left-leaning "red belt" covering regions like Chita and Alania. In 2018, the governorship of this country's region of Khakassia was won by the Communist Party in an upset. This country, whose Liberal Democratic Party supports populist and ultranationalist policies, is led by a president without an official party affiliation. For the point, name this country whose largest political party is officially led by Dmitry Medvedev. | Russian Federation (accept Rossiya; accept Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) |
| A martyr of this religion named Arethas [[ah-REH-thahs]] was executed by Dhu Nuwas in the Najran region, home to a community of this religion that signed a "pact" with Mohammed promising them protection. A Nestorian House of Worship in Jubail [[joo-BAH- eel]] was formerly used by followers of this religion from Assyria. An influx of Filipino immigrants has increased the population of, for the point, what religion, brought to Arabia by Paul the Apostle? | Christianity (accept Catholic; accept Roman Catholic after "Filipino" is mentioned) |
| An attack on this city called Operation Meetinghouse was overseen by Curtis LeMay and Thomas S. Power and involved nearly 300 bombers. After Allied forces left in 1952, this city rapidly rebuilt and was showcased to the world during the 1964 Summer Olympics. In the 21st century, this city's growth continued with the construction of Midtown Tower, its eponymous Skytree, and various athletic facilities designed for its fourth Olympic competition in 2020, which was delayed until 2021. For the point, name this most-populous city in the world. | Tokyo Metropolis |
| This man's father purportedly died in a streetcar accident, but this man's mother attributed his death to the Black Legion. This man illustrated how some enslaved people "always protected their master" while others "hated him" in the oration “House Negro, Field Negro.” In 1993, Louis Farrakhan revealed that his religious sect may have murdered this man, who referred to himself as Malik el-Shabazz. "The Ballot or the Bullet" speech was given by, for the point, what civil rights activist associated with the Nation of Islam? | Malcolm X (accept Malcolm Little; accept Malik el-Shabazz before mentioned) |