| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A Percy Bysshe Shelley poem written in response to this event states, "Ye are many, they are few." Magistrate William Hulton asked Thomas Trafford of the Manchester and Salford Yeomanry to intervene in this event. The Pentrich rising, Blanket March, and riots in Spa Fields culminated in this event, which led Lord Sidmouth to pass the Six Acts. For the point, name this 1819 event in which cavalry charged a crowd of 60,000 Corn Law protesters at St. Peter's Field, killing fifteen. | Peterloo Massacre |
| Cornelius Nepos claimed this man's last words were "I have lived long enough, for I die unconquered." This man freed the Messenian helots, who had been enslaved by one city- state for over 200 years. Four invasions of the Peloponnese were led by this man whose victories at Leuctra and Mantinea caused Spartan military power to waver, though this man died in the latter battle. For the point, name this man who led the city of Thebes out of subjugation alongside Pelopidas, although it fell to Alexander the Great shortly thereafter. | Epaminondas |
| The book Defender in Chief was published in 2020 by this man whom Donald Trump appointed to the National Board for Education Sciences. This professor at UC Berkeley's law school served under Jay Bybee while Deputy Assistant to the Office of Legal Counsel. This man claimed that the War Crimes Act of 1996 did not apply to executive power in a work that legally justified waterboarding and other “enhanced interrogation techniques.” For the point, name this Korean-American who authored a set of post-9/11 "Torture Memos." | John Yoo (or John Choon Yoo) |
| Quintus Lollicus Urbicus began work on this structure, and the Bridgeness Slab marked the completion of one section of this structure, whose forts were connected by a military way. Bede misattributed the construction of this structure to indigenous people like the Caledonians, and this structure was abandoned after eight years in favor of an earlier completed structure to the south. For the point, name this fortification in Scotland, considered to have marked the northern boundary of the Roman Empire. | Antonine Wall (or Vallum Antonini) |
| This ship sank off the coast of Cape Hatteras en route to assist with the blockade of Charleston. John Taylor Wood intentionally targeted this ship's pilothouse during the Battle of Hampton Roads, leading this ship's captain to shout, "My eyes, I am blind!" This ship, the first to use a unique revolving turret, lends its name to a class of small warships with disproportionately large guns. For the point, name this Union ironclad which fought to a standstill with the CSS Virginia. | USS Monitor (accept Monitor Class) |
| Shortly after a failed military intervention in the Black September crisis, this man began a bloodless coup, the Corrective Movement, which led to the imprisonment of Salah Jadid. The Tabqa Dam was constructed during the administration of this man, who prosecuted Michel Aflaq and Amin al-Hafiz in absentia. This man exiled his brother, Rifaat, after an attempted coup in 1983. For the point, name this Syrian Alawite who served as Secretary General of the Ba'ath Party before being succeeded by his son, Bashar, in 2000. | Hafez al-Assad (prompt on "Assad") |
| This paper, which ran in tandem to the similar Izvestiya paper, was initially published in Vienna with support from the wealthy family of Adolph Joffe and smuggled into its editor’s home name. Nikolai Bukharin spent a decade editing this periodical until he faced of accusations of threatening to perpetrate "individual terror" to rid the nation of Josef Stalin. The former official newspaper of the USSR, was, for the point, which periodical whose name translated to "Truth"? | Pravda |
| While staying at a hotel in Geneva, this man met his Austrian wife, Franziska Donner, who followed him to New York, Washington, and Hawaii. By 1950, this man had enrolled communist sympathizers in a re-education program known as the National Bodo League. Months into this man's presidency, a Workers' Party insurgency began in response to the UN-administered division of their country, leading this man to declare martial law on the island of Jeju. For the point, name this man who led South Korea during the Korean War. | Syngman Rhee |
| Lactantius recounts that the shields of the winning side in this battle were marked with staurograms. Icons of Sol Invictus feature in a monument raised after this battle, and a sun dog has been used to explain one event in the runup to this battle. According to Eusebius, this battle's victor adopted the labarum after seeing words rendered as in hoc signo vinces [[een-HOK-SEEN-yoh-WEEN-kess]] above a cross of light in the sky. For the point, name this 312 AD battle at which Constantine defeated Maxentius to become the dominant ruler of Rome. | Battle of the Milvian Bridge |
| In one book, this man analyzed the truth behind the sentence "The angels are lost in perpetual contemplation of an 'infinite glory.'" On scraps of paper, this man reconstructed a manuscript about the meaning of life called The Doctor and the Soul. This man described the stages of shock, apathy, and depersonalization among prisoners of concentration camps in one work which introduces logotherapy. For the point, name this Austrian psychiatrist who wrote Man's Search for Meaning. | Viktor Frankl (or Viktor Emil Frankl) |
| In this city, Georges Clemenceau’s newspaper inspired the name of a political party and published the Non-Brahmin Manifesto. This city's San Thome Church was built on the supposed resting place of Thomas the Apostle. Elihu Yale served as president of this city's Fort St. George, the first British fortress in India. A suburb of this city called Sriperumbudur was the site of the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi. For the point, name this capital of Tamil Nadu, which was renamed in 1996 to Chennai. | Madras (accept Chennai before mentioned) |
| A group called the "Fantastic Four" were candidates from this political party who engaged in its first televised presidential debate. The "I Am 132" movement opposed this party, which rigged the 1988 presidential election via the finger tap, or el dedazo. The Tlatelolco Massacre at the 1968 Summer Olympics occurred while this party was in power. Plutarco Calles [[KAH-yehs]] founded this party which was defeated by Vicente Fox of the PAN in 2000. For the point, name this centrist political party which has been led by Enrique Peña Nieto. | PRI (or Institutional Revolutionary Party; or Partido Revolucionario Institucional) |
| The libretto of this opera is based on an 1851 novel by Henri Murger [[muhr- ZHEHR]], and this’s opera’s world premiere occurred at the Teatro Regio in Turin, Italy on February 1, 1896. For the 50th anniversary, Arturo Toscanini conducted the NBC Symphony Orchestra for a special radio performance of this opera. Featuring characters like a painter named Marcello and a singer named Musetta, this four-act opera was composed by Giacomo Puccini. For the point, name this opera which was the inspiration for the Broadway musical Rent. | La Bohème [[boh-EM]] (accept phonetic pronunciations) |
| This man stated that God "places so many mysterious forces of nature at man's disposal" in an introduction to a historical address by Pope Pius XI [[the Eleventh]]. This man oversaw the construction of a structure in Wellfleet, Cape Cod to test out one of his inventions. This man, who was named a marquis by King Victor Emmanuel III [, ran a company for which Jack Phillips and Harold Bride used this man's invention to save lives aboard the Titanic. For the point, name this Italian electrical engineer who founded the Wireless Telegraph & Signal Company, which created radio products. | Guglielmo Marconi (or Guglielmo Giovanni Maria Marconi; or 1st Marquis of Marconi) |
| In response to a speech by this politician, Hendrick Verwoerd said, "There must not only be justice for the Black man in Africa, but also for the white man." During a speech against economic complacency in Bedford, this man stated that "most of our people have never had it so good." This leader, who gave the "Wind of Change" speech in Cape Town, resigned after his Secretary of State for War's affair with Christine Keeler was uncovered in the Profumo Affair. For the point, name this Conservative prime minister of Britain from 1957 to 1963. | Harold Macmillan (or Maurice Harold Macmillan; accept 1st Earl of Stockton) |
| This island’s native Dayak peoples aided Commonwealth forces during the crushing of a communist insurgency. Chinese miners on this island formed the Republic of Lanfang, and James Brooke established a dynasty of “White Rajahs” in this island’s state of Sarawak. The two largest countries on this island fought a border war called the Konfrontasi on it, and the Sultanate of Brunei on this island refused to join Malaysia upon its creation. For the point, name this island, controlled in part by Brunei and Indonesia. | Borneo |
| Though more known for secular and instrumental music, this composer wrote a setting of Stabat Mater and Gloria in D major, both for voices. Before his compositional career, this man began studies as a priest and garnered the nickname “Il Prete [[PREH-teh]] Rosso,” because of his hair. For the point, name this Italian Baroque composer who wrote over 500 concerti but is particularly known for four violin concerti, collectively titled The Four Seasons. | Antonio Vivaldi (or Antonio Lucio Vivaldi) |
| This country's flag carrier was the last commercial operator of the McDonnell Douglas DC-10, which it retired in 2014. Khaleda Zia became this country's first female prime minister in 1991 while leading the Nationalist Party, and in July 2022, this country's prime minister and leader of the Awami League became the world's longest-serving elected female head of government. For the point, name this South Asian country that has been led by Sheikh Hasina since 2009 and has been the destination of hundreds of thousands of Rohingya refugees. | People's Republic of Bangladesh (or Gana Prajatantri Bangladesh) |
| According to Erik Larson, an erroneous German bombing of this city was misidentified in an anti-British propaganda photograph used by the Nazis. After a prayer for liberation in front of this city's Notre-Dame de Bon-Espoir, German forces supposedly left this city the following day. Jean Naigeon is thought to have introduced the use of verjuice in place of vinegar in a recipe for a condiment that originated in this Burgundian city. For the point, name this French city in which, during the Middle Ages, a namesake mustard was developed. | Dijon (accept Dijon Mustard) |
| During a battle in this broad event, Mametqul narrowly escaped capture while Khan Kuchum lost most of his power. The katorga system was launched after this broad event, which included the Battles for Albazin. Yermak Timofeyevich was victorious near Qashliq during this event's Battle of Chuvash Cape. Ethnic groups like the Yenisei, Chukchis, and Yakuts were devastated by smallpox and violent expeditions during this event. For the point, name this centuries-long event in which Russia's borders were extended to the Pacific Ocean. | Russian Conquest of Siberia (accept reasonable equivalents) |
| The Kaidu River is a tributary to this general region's Bosten Lake, which is one of the largest in its country. A highway was built across a desert in this region between Luntai and Hotan, the latter of which has relied on the Karakash River. A terminus of the Karakoram Highway is found in a city in this region that houses the Afaq Khoja Mausoleum. Kashgar is located in this region, which contains much of the Taklamakan Desert. Urumqi is the capital of, for the point, what predominantly Uyghur [[WEE-guhr]] region in Northwestern China? | Xinjiang [[SHIN-JEE-AHNG]] Uyghur Autonomous Region (be lenient on pronunciations) |
| Philip Baker Hall plays Stansfield Turner in this film in which Ken Taylor provides temporary support to one group. In this film, John Chambers gets the main character in contact with Lester Siegel, who directs the central production. The declassification of the Canadian Caper is revealed near the end of this film, whose credits include words from Jimmy Carter. Tony Mendez pretends to film a movie in an attempt to save six hostages in, for the point, what movie starring Ben Affleck, a 2012 Oscar-winning film set amidst the Iran Hostage Crisis? | Argo |
| Doc and FIFI [[FEE-FEE]] are the only two remaining flying examples of this type of plane, some of which were once employed by Stratovision to transmit television. One of these planes dropped the Glamorous Glennis during Chuck Yeager's first breaking of the sound barrier. As opposed to the $1.9 billion Manhattan project, the project to create this plane cost roughly $3 billion dollars, making it America's most expensive World War Two program. Utilizing four propellers, this is, for the point, what Boeing bomber, also called the "Superfortress"? | Boeing B-29 Superfortress (accept Superfortress before mentioned) |
| This man, who was disliked for his lack of German proficiency by the HRE electors, convened the Council of Trent with his cousin, Emperor Maximilian II. This man's court physician, Francisco Hernández de Toledo, published the Index medicamentorum, an early index of the medicinal use of plants in New Spain. This man acquired the crown of Portugal through his mother, Isabella, a member of the House of Aviz. The deployment of the Spanish Armada to overthrow Elizabeth I was done by, for the point, what king of Spain and son of Charles V? | Philip II of Spain (accept Philip the Prudent) |
| This woman published The Lamentation of a Sinner with the sponsorship of the Marquess of Northampton. Inspired by Thomas à Kempis's Imitatio Christi, this woman's Prayers or Meditations was translated into Latin, Italian, and French by her stepdaughter, Elizabeth, and given as a gift to the king. This woman died at Sudeley Castle in 1548, one year after the death of her third husband, a man whose other wives included Anne Boleyn and Jane Seymour. For the point, name this woman, the last wife of Henry VIII [[the Eighth]]. | Catherine Parr (accept Kateryn Parr; prompt on "Catherine") |
| In 1867, Thomas Spence founded a short-lived unrecognized state in this province's town of Portage la Prairie. During the Pemmican War, the Seven Oaks Massacre took place in this province. Mackenzie Bowell resigned as prime minister after a crisis in this province concerning French-language parochial education. This province's capital was the site of a 1919 General Strike and takes its name from Western Cree. A "Schools Question" concerned, for the point, what Prairie province governed from Winnipeg? | Manitoba (accept Manitoba Schools Question) |
| This man, who triggered the disastrous Livonian War, founded the streltsy and established the Zemsky Sobor. This man killed his eldest son, and instead, passed the throne to Fyodor the Bellringer whose childless death led to the end of the Rurikid dynasty. The Oprichniki were the secret police force of this ruler who ordered the construction of Saint Basil's Cathedral. For the point, name this Tsar of all Russia, nicknamed for his cruelty. | Ivan the Terrible (accept Ivan IV of Russia; or Ivan Vasilyevich; or Ivan Grozny; prompt on "Ivan") |
| This man invited controversy by repeatedly visiting the wife of Jacques Prevost at their home in New Jersey when her husband was away. Like his father, this man is buried in a cemetery at Princeton University, an institution to which he gained admittance at the age of 13 and attended before studying theology with Joseph Bellamy. This man founded the Manhattan Company bank to disrupt the monopoly held by his famous rival's Bank of New York. For the point, name this vice-president whose daughter, Theodosia, shared his wife's name. | Aaron Burr Jr. |
| Roberto Díaz Herrera was a colonel in this country, which in the 1940s was led by Arnulfo Arias. The physician Hugo Spadafora was killed by the leader of this country which was the site of Operation Nifty Package. Though not Egypt, a fort named after Ferdinand de Lesseps was located in this country's second-largest city of Colon. Jimmy Carter signed a set of 1977 agreements with Omar Torrijos of this country, another of whom associated with Pablo Escobar's Colombian drug cartel. The subject of a 1989 U.S. invasion, this is, for the point, what country bordering Costa Rica which Manuel Noriega led? | Republic of Panama (accept República de Panamá) |
| In this country's colonial era, indigenous soldiers known as lascarins [[lahss-kah- REENS]] served under Portuguese authorities. A kingdom located in this country's modern territory fought a set of three wars in the early 19th century, the second of which involved the replacement of the Nayakkar monarchy with a British governorate. In 1983, this country entered a 26-year civil war in which the Tamil Tigers fought the majority Sinhalese government. For the point, name this democratic socialist republic located on an island south of India. | Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka (or Śhrī Laṅkā Prajātāntrika Samājavādī Janarajaya; or Ilaṅkai Jaṉanāyaka Sōsalisak Kuṭiyarasu; accept Ceylon) |
| Loxodromes were often used for this purpose, much like a document developed by Domingos Teixeira [[teh-SHEH-rah]]. The "T and O" variety of a document used for this task is sometimes named after Isidore of Seville. Rhumbline networks often helped with this task, whose practitioners employed portolan charts. Dead reckoning and use of the doubly reflecting sextant have historically been done to accomplish this task, which often relies on the position of the North Star. For the point, name this practice by which sailors determine their correct direction. | Navigation (prompt on "Seafaring" or "Sailing"; prompt on "Mapping"; accept clear equivalents and/or word forms) |
| An act presented as part of this movement was drafted by James Stephen, the great- grandfather of Virginia Woolf. The Clapham Sect, whose members included Thomas Clarkson, was formed to support this movement. The merchant Josiah Wedgwood created a medallion in support of this movement, which gained traction after the publishing of The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano. William Wilberforce was a major advocate of, for the point, what British political movement that sought to end slavery? | British Abolitionism (accept Abolishing slavery in Britain and similar answers) |
| Language and item required; One of these things is named for "breeches" while other examples of these things are called "aprons." One of these texts was revised by Challoner and named for the city of Douai [[doo-"EYE"]]. Many of these things were based on the Textus Receptus, and the first authorized example of these things was prepared by Miles Coverdale, drawing on work by Tyndale. The Hampton Court Conference led to the third authorized version of these things, named for James I. For the point, name these renderings of a holy text into a vernacular language. | English translations of the Bible (accept clear knowledge equivalents including English and Bible) |
| A divine example of these beings saves the only member of the "Seven Against Thebes" to survive their expedition to reinstall Polynices [[pah-lee-NEE-sees]], a king of Argos named Adrastus. Two immortal examples of this type of creature named Balius and Xanthus [[ZAHN-thuss]] were gifted to Peleus following his marriage to Thetis, later being passed down to Achilles for use as mounts during the Trojan War. The Pegasus is a winged variety of, for the point, what animal known to the Greeks as a hippo? | Horse (accept Mares; accept Hippo before mentioned) |
| During this war, the U-154 Incident sparked tension between Colombia and one side in this war during the so-called Battle of the Caribbean. The 201st Fighter Squadron, or Aztec Eagles, participated in combat operations during this war. The Potenji River Conference was a meeting in Natal between the U.S. president and Getulio Vargas during this war. Near Argentina, this war's Battle of the River Plate [[PLAH-teh]] led to major fighting between the U.K. and Germany. South America played a major role in, for the point, what conflict in which Argentina had a large Nazi presence? | World War Two (accept Second World War) |
| A plaza with a massive mural of this movement's name is located north of Lafayette Square, and Bill de Blasio helped paint another mural with this movement's name in front of Trump Tower in 2020. This movement uses slogans such as "no justice, no peace," and this movement, which arose from the acquittal of George Zimmerman, surged in popularity after the murder of Eric Garner. For the point, name this movement which has included protests denouncing police brutality against African-Americans. | Black Lives Matter (or BLM) |