| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| This man served as assistant to the Secretary of the Labor Party after serving as the editor of its journal. During this man’s time in his highest office, he organized support for the truce in British Palestine (+) and dealt with crises like the Berlin Blockade and the Partitioning of India. This man resigned from that role after backlash from the USSR over his support of UN intervention in the Korean War. The first United (*) Nations Secretary General was, for the points, which Norwegian diplomat? | Trygve Lie [[TRIG-vuh LEE]] (or Trygve Halvdan Lie; accept pronunciation as [["LIE"]]) |
| To differentiate himself from other painters, this man signed his works with an inscription that roughly translates to “As I Can.” The first painting with that inscription by this man was Portrait of a Man in a Turban, and ten of the twenty surviving paintings (+) of this man share that signature. Arguably, this Flemish artist’s best-known work resulted from a commission shared between him and his brother, from the mayor of Ghent. (*) For the points, name this painter whose Adoration of the Mystic Lamb is called “the first major oil painting.” | Jan van Eyck |
| This man was only twenty when he was killed by a sniper during the Battle of Loos. An inscription in Westminster Abbey that commemorates this man claims “The Poetry is in the pity” and was written by Wilfrid Owen. In one work, which may have been a response to Rupert Brooke’s (+) “The Soldier," this poet wrote “Give them not praise. For, deaf, how should they know. . .Nor honour. It is easy to be dead." That 1915 poem begins with the lines “When you see millions of the mouthless dead / Across your dreams in pale battalions go.” (*) For the points, name this Scottish poet of the Great War. | Charles Sorley (or Charles Hamilton Sorley) |
| Life during this period is recounted in a book called The Gossamer Years by a poet known as "Michitsuna's mother." This period concluded after Go-Shirakawa failed to prevent a clan feud at Uji and the Battle of Dan-no-Ura. Taika reforms were launched (+) during this period, in which the Tendai and Shingon schools were formed. The Pillow Book explained life during this period, which was ended by the Genpei (*) War. Buddhism spread through Japan during, for the points, what classical period in which the capital was moved to Kyoto? | Heian Period |
| This man's forces fell into a trap at the Battle of Green Spring while trying to capture General Cornwallis, but a bold bayonet charge allowed this man to retreat. Little Turtle, Chief of the Miami, dubbed this man "the Chief that does not sleep" after years of (+) reconnaissance from tribal scouts. This man negotiated the Treaty of Greenville following his victory over Chief Blue Jacket in the Northwest Indian War. (*) For the points, name this U.S. Revolutionary War general known for his angry temperament. | "Mad" Anthony Wayne |
| This place's Kalasasaya is a raised platform mound with a large courtyard, which is surrounded by high stone walls and oriented to the four cardinal directions. Pedro Cieza de León was the first Westerner to discover this site. Alan Kolata and Oswaldo Rivera led multiple excavations (+) of this site in the 1980s, and this place's Gate of the Sun was carved from a single piece of stone. Located in Western Bolivia near Lake (*) Titicaca, for the points, what is this archaeological site, a major center of Pre- Incan Andean civilization? | Tiwanaku |
| After his arrest, this man, who served as Secretary General of the Cocalero Union from 1984 to 1994, inspired a march of 3,000 campesinos, resulting in his release. This man, who came from an Aymara family of subsistence farmers, led the Movimiento al Socialismo (+) after its inception in 1998. After surviving a recall referendum in 2008, this man oversaw the drafting of a new constitution, although attempts to abolish presidential term limits led to his (*) exile in 2019. For the points, name this first indigenous president of Bolivia. | Evo Morales (or Juan Evo Morales Ayma) |
| This island's caves, in the Maros-Pangkep karst, are said to contain the earliest figurative art in the world. The Torajan people in the mountainous southern part of this island were mostly converted to Christianity by missionaries in the early 1900s. A 2018 earthquake struck this island's peninsula of Minahasa, (+) which joins the generically named East, South, and Southeast Peninsulas. This island, which lies south of the Wallace Line, contains Fort Rotterdam in Makassar, dating back to the time of (*) Dutch colonization. For the points, name this easternmost of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. | Sulawesi (accept Celebes) |
| During this war, Aulus Postumius Albinus commanded a winter siege on Suthul, after which half of the Roman army was killed in a desert. Lucius Calpurnius Bestia led one side during this war, which Plutarch chronicled in the biographies of Sulla and Marius. This war began after Micipsa (+) bequeathed his kingship jointly to his sons and his nephew, who later declared open war on his cousins. Occurring in the 2nd-century BCE, (*) for the points, what is this war, during which the Roman Republic intervened after the usurpation of the Numidian throne? | Jugurthine War (accept Bellum Iugurthinum; accept War against Jugurtha or obvious equivalents) |
| This prime minister created the Laurendeau–Dunton Commission to investigate bilingualism and biculturalism. The "60 Days of Decision" was heralded by this politician, who said that his people "do not need to be liberated" after a speech by Charles de Gaulle at Expo (+) 67. This successor of Louis St. Laurent as party leader introduced the Maple Leaf Flag and won a Nobel Peace Prize for his role in ending the (*) Suez Crisis. For the points, name this Liberal Canadian prime minister, succeeded by Pierre Trudeau. | Lester B (owles) "Mike" Pearson |
| This country was established in 1719, but its royal house did not visit until 1818. Diplomatic conflict involving the Beneš [[BEN-esh]] decrees led this country to avoid establishing relations with the Czech Republic or Slovakia until 2009, during the reign of Hans-Adam (+) II [[the Second]]. The 1866 demise of the German Confederation freed this country from its obligation to maintain an army, and it hasn't (*) had one since. For the points, name this Alpine principality which was accidentally invaded by Switzerland in 2007. | Principality of Liechtenstein (accept Fürstentum Liechtenstein) |
| In 2019, the perpetrator of this event was banned from using a telephone after calling a rapper and far-right activist known as "The Shadow." The lyrics to one "Song for Peace" were found in the pocket of the man targeted during this event, which was followed by the arrest of Yigal and Hagai (+) Amir. This event occurred during a November 1995 rally celebrating the Oslo Accords, which this event's target signed opposite Yasser (*) Arafat. For the points, name this event in Tel Aviv which resulted in Shimon Peres becoming prime minister of Israel. | Assassination of Yitzhak Rabin (accept killing or equivalents in place of assassination; prompt on partial answers; prompt on answers that indicate "death" or more general terms in place of "assassination") |
| Sarel Cilliers moved to a farm in Welgevonden after this battle, before which he vowed to build a church to commemorate his forces' victory. General Ndlela was strangled by King Dingane for his failures at this battle, during which over 3,000 soldiers died, including two (+) noble rivals of Prince Mpande. Considered a part of the Great Trek, 400 Voortrekkers under Andries Pretorius fought more than 10,000 (*) Zulu during this battle. For the points, name this 1838 battle, fought on a bank of the red-washed Ncome River. | Battle of Blood River (accept Battle of Bloedrivier; accept Battle of Ncome River before mentioned) |
| In this state, alongside the Audubon Society, David Gaines launched a lawsuit against a municipal utility whose superintendent was once Fred Eaton. The St. Francis Dam was built in this state, opposed by farmers based in Owens Valley. A river once named Porciúncula [[por-see-OON-koo-lah]] (+) was the primary source of fresh water in this state's largest city until the construction of an aqueduct under the supervision of William Mulholland. (*) For the points, name this Western U.S. state which is known for its "water wars." | California (accept California Water Wars) |
| Some versions of the myth about this man state that his sons, Lebadus and Eleuther, refrained from participating in his family's crimes against a Molossian. This man sacrificed an infant and served the bowels of a human to an itinerant laborer who was actually a disguised god. (+) This man was punished by being turned into a wolf and having his remaining sons killed. A king of Arcadia who tried to fool (*) Zeus, in some versions by serving the flesh of his own son Nyctimus, for the points, who is this mythical man? | Lycaon |
| Opponents of this woman called her Codoi after she mispronounced her native word for carbon dioxide during a scientific lecture. After the July Theses and a state visit with Mao Zedong's wife, this woman fostered a personality cult that labelled her "Mother of the Nation." (+) The National Salvation Front tried and executed this woman and her husband in Wallachia (*) for crimes of genocide. For the points, name this woman who served as Deputy Prime Minister of Romania under her husband, Nicolae. | Elena Ceaușescu [[chow-CHESS-koo]] (or Lenuta Petrescu; be lenient on pronunciation; prompt on "Ceausescu") |
| This tribe fought the U.S. only once, in a war led by a medicine man named Sword Bearer. Men of this tribe enlisted in the U.S. Army to fight against the Sioux and Cheyenne after the Battle of the Little Big Horn, which took place on this (+) tribe's land. Once occupying much of the Yellowstone River Valley, this federally recognized tribe's only modern reservation lies south of the city of Billings. (*) For the points, name this Native American tribe whose name translates to “children of the large-beaked bird.” | Crow (or Apsáalooke; or Absaroka) |
| This document cites the precedent of "Stratutum de Tellagio non Concedendo," or the power of the king to grant talliage. This document was drafted in response to Chief Justice Nicholas Hyde's ruling in Darnell's Case. The public celebrated this document's passage, (+) though the surrender of La Rochelle two months later ended the need for the "forced loans" that prompted the creation of this document in (*) 1628. For the points, name this document which laid out public grievances against King Charles I [[the First]]. | Petition of Right |
| Combatants in these wars met at predesignated yaotlalli [[yowt-LAH-lee]] before signaling the start of battle by burning a pyre of paper and incense. These wars began in response to a famine in the Mexican highlands, which provoked the priests of (+) Tenochtitlan to seek out offerings for the gods. The arrival of the Spaniards disrupted these wars between a Triple Alliance of city-states (*) and their enemies in the Tlaxcala-Pueblan Valley. For the points, name these ritual wars during which Aztec forces captured their adversaries as sacrificial offerings. | Flower War (s) (accept Flowery war (s)) |
| The Czechoslovak secret police armed this group with the Skorpion submachine pistols used in the Acca Larentia massacre. In 2002, France extradited a former member of this group, departing from Mitterrand Doctrine for the first time since its creation. This group's (+) second iteration, led by Mario Moretti, kidnapped and murdered Aldo Moro (*) while posing as Alitalia employees. For the points, name this far-left Italian guerrilla group, responsible for numerous acts of violence during the Years of Lead. | Red Brigades (or Brigate Rosse) |
| 300 men under this commander arrived from Socotra to help lift the siege of Cannanore. Along with a viceroy, this man oversaw the sacking of Barawa during a conflict with the Ajuran Sultanate in modern-day Somalia. The “Father of Goan Nationalism” is named after this man (+) who served as an ambassador to Pope Leo X [[the Tenth]]. Employed by King Manuel I, this cousin of Afonso de Albuquerque discovered a set of volcanic islands now containing Edinburgh of the Seven Seas. (*) For the points, name this Portuguese explorer who names a remote South Atlantic archipelago. | Tristão da Cunha (accept either underlined portion; accept Tristan in place of Tristão; anti-prompt on "Tristão de Bragança Cunha") |
| This leader concluded the "New Society" program under Jacques Chaban- Delmas after replacing him with Pierre Messmer. This man organized the Grenelle Agreements, which led to a rise in the minimum wage. This predecessor of Valery Giscard d'Estaing built the Montparnasse Tower (+) to modernize Paris and convinced de Gaulle to adopt reforms to end the 1968 student strikes. Richard Rogers and Renzo Piano designed a building in Paris named for this man that contains the Musée National (*) d'Art Moderne. For the points, name this president of France from 1969 until 1974. | Georges Pompidou (or Georges Jean Raymond Pompidou; accept Centre Pompidou in either order; accept Centre national d'art et de culture Georges-Pompidou) |
| One flag of this empire displays a lion and an anthropomorphic sun on a green background. The mothers of this empire's eleven rulers came largely from Turkmen, Circassian, and Georgian ancestry. This empire's first ruler was the son of a Sufi sheikh and the last of the Grand Masters (+) of the Zahediyeh, an order started by this empire's namesake mystic. Three men named Abbas ruled this empire, including a "great" Shahanshah. (*) For the points, name this gunpowder empire founded in the city of Ardabil, which ruled Persia from 1501 to 1736. | Safavid Empire (accept Safavid dynasty; accept Safavid Persia or Safavid Iran; prompt on "Safi-ad-din Ardabili") |
| This man served as harpsichordist to Frederick the Great in Berlin from 1740 to 1767. This composer was an influential piano pedagogue, publishing Essay on the true art of playing keyboard instruments. This man composed in the Empfindsamkeit [[emp-FAHN-sahm-”kite”]] (+) style, which was in aesthetic opposition to the popular Galant Style of his day. Known for his "Sensitive Style and distinguished from his "London" (*) brother, for the points, who was this "Berlin" composer, the second surviving son of Johann Sebastian Bach? | C.P.E. Bach (or Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach) |
| The one manuscript about this man's best-known accomplishment was partially translated by Al Oikonomides [[al-OY-koh-NOH-mee-dehs]] and describes encounters with the friendly nomadic Lixitae [[lee-KEE-tay]] tribe. This man's party encountered hairy men known as gorillai, (+) and many scholars believe this man's expeditions went as far south as Mount Cameroon. This man is believed to have been a member of the Magonid family and the son of Hamilcar I [[the First]]. (*) Known for his voyages along the African coast, for the points, who is the 5th century BCE Carthaginian navigator? | Hanno the Navigator (or Hannon) |
| When electing this country's Parliament, each of its seven parishes selects two members. This country, where the speaker of the General Council is known as the General Syndic, was led for eight years by Antoni Martí. This only sovereign state to have (+) Catalan as its official language has two heads of state, including the Bishop of Urgell and the (*) French president. For the points, name this microstate in the Pyrenees believed to have been created by Charlemagne. | Principality of Andorra (accept Principat d'Andorra) |
| MI6 [[M-I-SIX]] double agent Duško [[DOOSH-koh]] Popov was threatened with prosecution under this act by J. Edgar Hoover. Chuck Berry went to prison after being convicted under this act for actions involving 14-year-old Apache waitress Janice Escalante. Black boxer (+) Jack Johnson was posthumously pardoned in 2018 for racially motivated charges supported by this act. Meant to protect women from being (*) trafficked into prostitution, for the points, what is this 20th century U.S. law, also known as the White-Slave Traffic Act? | Mann Act (accept White-Slave Traffic Act before mentioned) |
| Kaiser Wilhelm II [[the Second]] learned about the death of Archduke Franz Ferdinand while attending a regatta in this city. This city lends its name to a freshwater canal that links the North Sea to the Baltic Sea. In 1918, sailors of the High Seas Fleet revolted (+) in this city, triggering the German Revolution. One of the traditional homes of the German Navy's Baltic fleet, this city's eponymous university is also known as Christiana Albertina. (*) For the points, name this German city, the capital of Schleswig-Holstein. | Kiel (accept Kiel Week; accept Kiel Regatta; accept Kiel Canal; accept Kiel Mutiny; accept Kiel University; accept Christian-Albrecht University of Kiel) |
| From 1975 to 1988, this woman served as president of the Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs, an organization that united scientists toward nuclear disarmament. In 1969, this woman discovered the structure of insulin, which broke the ground for widespread treatment for (+) diabetes. This woman, who won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1964, used X-ray diffraction techniques to discover the structure of penicillin and Vitamin B-12. (*) For the points, name this British chemist whose work became the core of structural biology. | Dorothy Hodgkin (or Dorothy Mary Crowfoot Hodgkin; or Dorothy Mary Crowfoot) |
| The founder of this house was an Obotrite named Pribislav. In 1363, Bo Jonsson led an aristocratic council to convince a member of this house to replace Magnus IV [[the Fourth]] as king of Sweden. Queen Juliana of the Netherlands was the last head of state from this house, (+) which is now led by Duke Borwin. This house's name comprises one half of a modern German state, the other half of which is (*) Western Pomerania. For the points, name this German noble house, also known as Nikloting. | House of Mecklenburg (accept Nikloting before mentioned; accept Mecklenburg-Vorpommern; accept Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania) |
| In 1972, this man, the author of Decent and Indecent: Our Personal and Political Behavior was the U.S. presidential candidate for the pacifist People’s Party. This doctor, who taught child development (+) at Case Western University from 1955 to 1967, wrote Raising Children in a Difficult Time (*) in 1974. For the points, name this American pediatrician who wrote the Common Sense Book of Baby and Child Care in 1946. | Benjamin Spock (or Dr. Benjamin McLane Spock) |
| Henry Fielding criticized this man in plays like Pasquin and The Historical Register, which led this man to introduce a Licensing Act censoring dramatic works. This man earned the nickname "Screenmaster-General" after freeing Lords Stanhope and Sunderland, (+) who were implicated in the South Sea Bubble scandal. King George II [[the Second]] reportedly wept when this man lost a vote of no confidence, after which this man was made Earl of (*) Orford. For the points, name this first British prime minister. | Robert Walpole (accept 1st Earl of Orford before mentioned) |
| This man wrote the poem Mi último adiós days before his execution at an urban park now named after him. Upon learning his mother was going blind, this man studied ophthalmology at the University of Santo Tomas. In 1887, this man published his first novel, Noli Me Tángere, (+) an anti-colonialist critique of Spanish rule in the Philippines, and this man later founded the civic movement La Liga Filipina. (*) For the points, name this polymath and writer whose martyrdom cemented him as a national hero of the Philippines. | José Rizal (or José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda; accept Rizal Park) |
| Bob Bain and Tracy Sullivan are among the four advisors of an effort involving this approach, which Dipesh Chakrabarty claimed was less politicized than alternatives. A 2011 TED Talk presented by Bill Gates focused on this field, an "Introduction to" which is presented in the book (+) Maps of Time. A former professor at Macquarie University who introduced this field is David Christian, who structured this approach to cover vast geological and cosmic expanses (*) of time. For the points, name this broad approach to history, beginning during an event thought to have created the universe. | Big History (accept Big History Project; accept Maps of Time; An Introduction to Big History) |
| Anselmus was among the high-ranking casualties at this battle, whose initial attack may have been ordered by Lupo II [[the Second]]. This battle occurred in retaliation for one monarch's destruction of the city walls of Pamplona, then the capital of the Vascones. (+) This battle is featured heavily in La Chanson de Roland, which describes the death of a legendary Frankish commander during an invasion of Iberia. (*) For the points, name this battle, during which Basque forces ambushed Charlemagne's army while traveling through the Pyrenees. | Battle of Roncevaux Pass (accept Battle of Roncevalles Pass; accept Battle of Orreaga) |
| Richard Morris Hunt designed "The Breakers" for this family in Newport, Rhode Island. One member of this family was the subject of a 1934 trial in which her mother and her aunt pursued custody as well as control over her trust fund. That woman, (+) Gloria, had four children, including CNN anchor Anderson Cooper. A university in Nashville (*) is named after the patriarch of, for the points, what family which descends from a railroad tycoon named Cornelius? | Vanderbilt (accept Gloria Laura Vanderbilt; accept Cornelius Vanderbilt; accept Vanderbilt University) |