| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| This man appointed Michigan senator Zachariah Chandler to Secretary of the Interior in order to fight corruption within the Bureau of Indian Affairs. This man’s Secretary of the Treasury, Benjamin Bristow, cracked down on a scandal during this president’s tenure that culminated in the indictment of John McDonald and this president’s private secretary, Orville Babcock. The Whiskey Ring scandal occurred during the presidency of, for ten points, what U.S. president and Civil War general who succeeded Andrew Johnson? | Ulysses S. Grant (or Hiram Ulysses Grant) |
| In 1791, the HMS Pandora broke on this geographical feature, killing 35 sailors. Discovered in 1768 by French explorer Louis de Bougainville, this geographic feature was the site of a major shipwreck for the HMS Endeavour, captained by James Cook, which was only able to break away due to a high tide. In 2018, the National Geographic said half of this place was dead, “Akin to a forest after a devastating fire.” For thousands of years, Torres Islanders and Aboriginal peoples have been using, for ten points, what coral system off the coast of Queensland, Australia? | Great Barrier Reef |
| A composer from this musical era, Heinrich Biber [[BEE-buh]], called for strings to play col legno to evoke the sounds of battle in the opening of Battalia. Another composer from this era, who wrote the music for The Bourgeois Gentleman, died by stabbing himself with a conducting staff. The all-female ensemble of the Ospedale Della Pieta orphanage often sang music by a composer from this era who wrote four concerti grossi depicting changing weather throughout the year. For ten points, name this classical music era of Jean- Baptiste Lully, Antonio Vivaldi, and Johann Sebastian Bach. | Baroque era |
| Following the Bolshevik Revolution, an alternative version of this character was banned for being too “bourgeois,” with Joseph Stalin instead uplifting the Slavic "Ded Moroz." Jerry Rubin mocked the House Un-American Activities Committee by holding a toy rifle while dressed as this character. Thomas Nast depicted this character draped with the American flag and holding a puppet that resembled Jefferson Davis. For ten points, what character, based on a historical saint, is known for giving presents to children during Christmas? | Santa Claus (or Kris Kringle; accept Saint Nicholas; accept Father Christmas before “Christmas” is mentioned; accept Ded Moroz before mentioned; accept regional equivalents for “Santa Claus”) |
| This author posited that "Whatever is my right as a man is also the right of another" in a response to Edmund Burke's Reflections on the Revolution in France, after which he was put on trial in absentia. This author described "the summer soldier and the sunshine patriot" who shrink from "the times that try men's souls" in The American Crisis. Before penning Rights of Man, this author asserted that the Colonies had plenty of resources to defeat Great Britain. For ten points, name this author who advocated for a "republican government" in Common Sense. | Thomas Paine |
| A man in this profession, Dua-Kheti, may have written the work The Satires of the Trades which extolled the virtues of this occupation. A female recluse named Diemut who held this occupation is considered a local saint in her home region of Austria for single- handedly stocking the Wessobrunn [[VEH-soh-broohn]] Monastery library. This type of public servant developed the demotic Egyptian script for everyday use. Papyrus scrolls were used by, for ten points, which type of professional copyist who became obsolete after the invention of the printing press? | Scribes (accept Calligraphers; accept Copyist before mentioned; prompt on "Writer" or equivalents) |
| NASA’s future missions include launching the Dragonfly spacecraft to a feature of this celestial body to investigate its possible habitability. One of this planet’s moons was determined to be habitable after the Cassini space probe found evidence of geysers. An anagram that describes a feature of this planet as a “thin, flat ring” was published by Christian Huygens [[HOY-gehns]] in 1655. In 1610, Galileo Galilei observed the extensive ring system of, for ten points, what gas giant, the second largest planet in the solar system? | Saturn |
| This ruler formally ended imperial funding for the Neoplatonic Academy, which had been revived by Emperor Theodosius the Younger. In the text The Buildings, Procopius falsely attributes the construction of walls in Edessa and Tomis to this patron of his rather than to this man's uncle and predecessor of a similar name. The unpopularity of taxes raised by this monarch and his advisor, John the Cappadocian, led to the Nika [[NEE-kah]] Riots. The Corpus Juris Civilis was compiled by, for ten points, what sixth century Byzantine emperor who married Theodora? | Justinian the Great (accept Justinian I; do not accept or prompt on "Justin") |
| To denounce the atrocities committed in this present-day country's war of independence, Archer Blood wrote a namesake telegram to the U.S. State Department. George Harrison and Ravi Shankar organized a benefit concert at Madison Square Garden in support of refugees in this country, which in 2013 witnessed the death of over eleven hundred people in the world's deadliest garment factory disaster. For ten points, name this densely populated country in South Asia which broke away from Pakistan in 1971. | Bangladesh (or People's Republic of Bangladesh; or Gônoprojatontrī Bangladesh) |
| During this war, future Stasi head Erich Mielke [[MEEL-kuh]] was a major participant in the killing of about 7000 priests during a "red terror." During this war, Emilio Mola Vidal may have coined the term "fifth column" to refer to hidden supporters within a target territory. The Abraham Lincoln Brigades were composed of American volunteers who fought for the Republican side in this war, during which the Falangists allowed the Nazi Condor Legion to bomb Guernica. For ten points, name this 1930s war which ended with Francisco Franco establishing a fascist regime. | Spanish Civil War (or Guerra Civil Española) |
| This author wrote a book subtitled How I Got Licked about his failed "End Poverty in California" campaign. This author stated, "I was aiming for the public’s heart, and by accident I hit it in the stomach" after one of his novels led Congress to pass the Pure Food and Drug Act. That novel by this author concerned the Lithuanian immigrant Jurgus Rudkus, who works in Chicago's historic meatpacking industry. For ten points, name this activist and author of The Jungle. | Upton Sinclair (or Upton Beall Sinclair, Jr.) |
| Sinclair's novel Oil! was written in the context of what Harding-era scandal, which involved the leasing of Navy petroleum reserves in Wyoming to private oil companies? | Teapot Dome Scandal |
| A man from this province, who successfully argued to be made an exemplar of clemency, expressed wonder at wealthy Romans coveting "poor huts." In this Roman province, Cartimandua [[kahr-tee-mahn-DOO-ah]] of the Brigantes [[bree-GAHN-tehs]] received and handed over the rebel leader Caratacus [[kah-rah-TAH-kooss]]. A generation later, Suetonius Paulinus put down a revolt in this region by defeating the Iceni [["eye"-SEE- nee]] at Watling Street. For ten points, name this Roman province where Boudica's [[BOO- dih-kahs]] revolt occurred and of which the northern boundary was marked by Hadrian's Wall. | Britannia (or Roman Britain; do not accept or prompt on "Great Britain," "England," or "United Kingdom") |
| Caratacus pled his case to which Roman emperor, the fourth Julio-Claudian, under whom the conquest of Britain was achieved? | Claudius (or Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus; do not prompt on partial answer if "Claudius" is not mentioned) |
| This plan proposed simply amending the Articles of Confederation, which would represent the supreme law of the land. This plan, proposed by William Paterson, was opposed by Edmund Randolph and James Madison, whose Virginia Plan was worked, with elements of this plan, into the Connecticut Compromise. Calling for a unicameral legislature, for ten points, what was this plan proposing equal representation among all states? | New Jersey Plan (or Small State Plan; accept Paterson Plan before "Paterson” is mentioned) |
| The Connecticut Compromise is also named for this Founding Father. This man is the only one to sign all four "great state papers" of the United States and was the second oldest member, behind Benjamin Franklin, at the Constitutional Convention? | Roger Sherman (accept Sherman Compromise) |
| This man put the Lord Chamberlain in charge of theatre censorship after passing the Licensing Act. This man was a member of a social organization that met at Trumpet’s Tavern known as the “Kit-Kat Club.” News of the failed Battle of Cartagena [[car-tah-HEH- nah]] de Indias, which was part of the War of Jenkins' Ear, catalyzed the political downfall of this man. For ten points, identify this politician who came to power following the collapse of the South Sea Bubble and who is generally considered to be the first British prime minister. | Robert Walpole, 1st Earl of Orford (accept either underlined portion) |
| The War of Jenkins' Ear was the Caribbean theatre of the War of the Austrian Succession, during which this monarch became the last British king to personally lead troops in combat at the Battle of Dettingen. | George II (prompt on "George") |
| A September 2021 report found that employees of this organization, which opened a 100 million dollar "hub" in Berlin, perpetrated sexual abuse in the Democratic Republic of the Congo during its 2018 to 2020 mission in that country. This organization's director- general, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus [[ah-dah-NAHM geh-breh-YEH-sooss]] of Ethiopia, was accused of allowing China veto power over its report on the origins of the Covid-19 virus. For ten points, name this United Nations organ that oversees disease intervention and advocates for expanded medical care. | World Health Organization (accept WHO) |
| The WHO's new pandemic center in Berlin is housed in a building named for surgeon Bernhard von Langenbeck and this German biologist, whose activism for social health and work on the lifecycle of cells caused his friends to call him the "Pope of Medicine." | Rudolf Virchow [[FEER-koh]] (or Rudolf Ludwig Carl Virchow) |
| This man starred in a series of commercials for Paul Masson [[mah-SOHN]] with the slogan "We will sell no wine before its time." This man was infamously angered while recording a commercial for Findus frozen peas. In one film, a character played by this man erroneously states at the Vienna Riesenrad [[REE-zen-rahd]] that the Swiss had "five hundred years of democracy and peace" and produced only the cuckoo clock. For ten points, name this actor who portrayed Harry Lime in The Third Man and wrote and starred in Citizen Kane. | Orson Welles (or George Orson Welles) |
| Orson Welles founded this repertory company in New York that produced multiple stage and radio theatre productions including the "War of the Worlds” broadcast. This company notably staged a fascist-themed production of Julius Caesar in 1937. | Mercury Theatre |
| This case's subject based his legal argument on precedents such as Winny v. Whitesides and Rachel v. Walker. The grocer Samuel Russell falsely testified that he hired the central person in this case. In this case, Chief Justice Taney [[TAW-nee]] stripped Congress of its power to ban slavery in the territories, nullifying the principle of "once free, always free." For ten points, name this 1857 Supreme Court case which ruled that Black people in the United States lacked citizenship rights. | Dred Scott v. John F.A. Sandford (accept the Dred Scott case; accept Dred Scott v. John F.A. Sandford) |
| The Supreme Court ruled that the federal government was prohibited from freeing slaves brought into federal territories due to this clause, found in the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments, which prohibits arbitrary deprivation of "life, liberty, or property" by the government. | Due Process Clause |
| A group described by this color faced a six-day siege conducted by a volunteer army raised by by Toqto’a. A leader of a group described by this color was a merchant who sold salt illegally before amassing a 10,000 man force and leading an attack on Taizhou; that man was Zhang Sicheng. A man who had, as a child, been sent to a Buddhist monastery near Haozhou joined that movement described by this color. That man, Zhou Yuanzhang, would later become the Hongwu Emperor. For ten points, a group described as wearing headgear of what color rebelled against the Yuan Dynasty? | red (accept Hóngsè) |
| The Red Turban Rebellion led to the rise of what Chinese dynasty that constructed the Forbidden City in its capital, Beijing? | Ming Dynasty (or Míng cháo; accept Great Ming; or Dà Míng) |
| Civil Rights leader he called "a chump" for supporting Black integration into white society. | Martin Luther King Jr. (accept MLK) |
| Abrahamic faith to which he converted before changing his name to Malik El- Shabazz. | Islam (accept Muslim; accept Nation of Islam; prompt on "Nation" Editor's Note: Malcolm left the Nation of Islam in 1964 before changing his name, but we are accepting it here to be generous) |
| Boxer once known as Cassius Clay whom he assisted in converting from Christianity. | Muhammad Ali |
| Black Supremacist and leader of the NOI who later claimed to have ordered his killing. | Louis Farrakhan (accept Louis Eugene Walcott) |
| Author of the book Roots who co-wrote his autobiography. | Alex Haley (or Alexander Murray Palmer Haley) |
| Covert FBI initiative which widened the rift between him and Elijah Muhammad. | COINTELPRO (or Counter Intelligence Program) |
| Controversial five-word phrase he used to positively describe the JFK assassination. | "Chickens Coming Home to Roost" |
| Midwest KKK splinter group which he believe killed his father. | Black Legion |
| Type of peasant who was tied to the land they farmed under feudalism. | Serfs (accept Villeins) |
| Crop which, along with rye and barley, was used in bread-making. | Wheat (accept Triticum) |
| Castrated bulls used by farmers to plow agricultural fields. | Oxen (accept Bullock; prompt on "cow") |
| Legal term for land ownership, now commonly used for an indefinite academic appointment at a university. | Tenure (accept Land Tenure) |
| "System" used by farmers in which one-half of the land lay fallow and the other was planted. | Two-field System |
| Century of the "Great Famine" which included a cattle plague, followed shortly by the Black Death. | 14th Century (accept 1300s) |
| Term of French origin which denotes the land held by a lord of the manor. | Demense [[duh-MAHNS]] (or Domain) |
| Prussian term for German land-holding nobles, commonly considered a modern hold-out of feudalism. | Junkers [[YOON-kehr]] |
| Present-day country whose capital was built on the site of Tenochtitlan. | Mexico (or United States of Mexico; or United Mexican States; or Estados Unidos Mexicanos; or Mēxihcatl Tlacetilīlli Tlahtohcāyōtl; or EUM) |
| Spanish conquistador who conquered their empire in the early 16th century. | Hernán Cortés (accept Hernán Cortés de Monroy y Pizarro Altamirano) |
| Emperor who was stoned after surrendering to the Spanish invaders. | Montezuma II (accept Moctezuma II) |
| Language spoken in their royal court. | Nahuatl (prompt on "Aztec" or "Mexicano") |
| Patron deity of Tenochtitlan to whom they sacrificed humans by removing their hearts. | Huītzilōpōchtli [[HWEET-zee-loh-"POACH"-tlee]] |
| Technique for growing crops in shallow lake beds on small rectangular areas. | Chinampa |
| Rival western state which defeated an invasion by their emperor, Axayacatl [[ak- sah-yah-KAH-til]]. | Tarascan Empire (accept Purepecha Empire) |
| Term for "city-state," typically a polity which paid tribute as a vassal in exchange for limited autonomy. | Altepetl (or Altepeme) |
| This man is often credited with saving one country's Jewish population by convincing Gustaf V of Sweden to open his borders to refugees. This man went by the pseudonym “Nicholas Baker” while working as a consultant on the Manhattan Project. This scientist, with Ernest (+) Rutherford, gives his name to an atomic model that exhibits electrons of a hydrogen atom moving in a (*) “planetary” motion. For ten points, what Danish scientist won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1922 for proposing that electrons orbit the nucleus in energy levels? | Niels Bohr (or Niels Henrik David Bohr; accept Bohr-Rutherford Model) |
| During this period, Ellen G. White developed the "Great Controversy Theme" which outlined the "28 Fundamental Beliefs." In the 1830s, the second best-selling book in the U.S. after the Bible was an autobiography by a figure in this movement, Lorenzo Dow. (+) During this movement, radical sects of Christianity arose such as the (*) Shakers and the Latter-Day Saints. For ten points, name this early 19th century period of religious revival in the U.S. which led to an increase in membership for Baptists and Methodists. | Second Great Awakening (prompt on partial answers; prompt on "Nineteenth Century" or "1800s"; do not accept "First Great Awakening") |
| A historical fairy-tale opera in this language depicts one sister promising to bear a "bogatyr" knight for a certain monarch. That opera in this language partially takes place in the principality of Tmutarakan [[tuh-MOO-tah-RAH-kahn]]. The monologue "I have attained supreme power" (+) is sung by the title character of an opera in this language who gives the throne to his son. That play in this language takes place during the Time (*) of Troubles. For ten points, give this language of operas such as The Tale of Tsar Saltan and Boris Godunov. | Russian (or Russkiy) |
| This man attacked Mary I and stated that female monarchs went against biblical teachings in the pamphlet The First Blast of the Trumpet Against the Monstrous Regiment of Women. This man briefly preached to a group of Marian exiles in Frankfurt and claimed that (+) Charles V was "no less enemy to Christ than was Nero." In Stirling, this man gave the sermon at James VI's [[the Sixth's]] (*) coronation. For ten points, name this Scottish Calvinist theologian and founder of Presbyterianism. | John Knox |
| This country resettled Jewish refugees from Nazi Germany in the town of Sosúa [[soh-SOO-ah]] after the Évian Conference. During one massacre in this country, the fate of the victims was determined by how they pronounced the term "perejil'' [[peh-reh-HEEL]] (+) when soldiers held up a certain herb. One leader of this country had several thousands migrants from a neighboring country killed in the Parsley Massacre and was nicknamed "El (*) Jefe" [[HE-feh]]. For ten points, name this Caribbean country that was ruled for over thirty years by Rafael Trujillo [[troo-HEE-yoh]] from Santo Domingo. | Dominican Republic (or República Dominicana; prompt on "DR"; do not accept or prompt on "Dominica") |
| The Defence No. I calls the “spirit” of these entities “an inseparable appendage of human nature." Another essay argues that rather than removing the causes of these entities, we should control their effects. The power of these entities is curbed by Republicanism (+) according to "Federalist X [["TEN"]]." George Washington called the “alternating domination” of these entities “a frightful despotism” in his (*) farewell address. For ten points, name these organizations that coordinate political candidates and have included the Federalists and Democrats. | Political Parties (accept Factions) |
| A ceramic mask from the Sesklo culture depicted these creatures as early as 6000 BCE. The oldest stone pediment in Greece displays an image of one of these creatures at the temple of Corfu. According to Hesiod’s Theogony, (+) Ceto and Phorcys were the parents of these creatures, which were often depicted beheaded (*) and placed onto shields, like the Aegis. Believed by the Ancient Greeks to have provided protective magic for homes, for ten points, what mythological serpent-headed monsters included Medusa? | Gorgons (or Gorgon sisters; prompt on "Medusa (s)") |
| This organization built the largest wooden ship of the late 16th century, known as Der Grosse Adler for service during the Northern Seven Years' War. The Stalhof of London served as the principal kontor, (+) or foreign trading post, of this organization until Edward IV expelled a group of Cologne merchants. Maritime trade of the medieval Baltic (*) and North Seas was dominated by, for ten points, what trade league of German and Scandinavian guilds and towns? | Hanseatic League (accept Düdesche Hanse; accept Hanze; accept Hansa) |
| In this empire, unfree persons known as siraku were tied to temple lands and acted as tenants for the local religion. The capture of the Medean Wall following the 539 BC Battle of Opis led to the collapse of this empire. The Chaldean (+) period of this empire began after the chieftain Nabopolassar took advantage of the weakness of the Neo-Assyrians to dominate (*) Mesopotamia. The likes of Nebuchadnezzar and Hammurabi led iterations of, for ten points, what empire centered on a namesake city in which the Hanging Gardens were built? | Babylonia (accept Babylonian Empire; accept Neo-Babylonian Empire) |
| What "Offensive," named for a Vietnamese holiday, struck a morale defeat against the American war effort, especially on the home front? | Tet Offensive (or Sự kiện Tết Mậu Thân 1968) |