| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| During this war, a detachment that had just fought at the Second Battle of Kellogg's Grove arrived to help bury the dead from Stillman's Run. A story from this war recalls the ingenuity of a captain who was given no protocol for marching a column through a small gate (+) and improvised by ordering the column to break ranks and reassemble on the other side of the fence. This war began as a dispute over the Treaty of St. Louis, when this war's namesake led the British (*) Band out of the Iowa territory and into Illinois. For the points, Abraham Lincoln fought in what 1832 Indian war named for the leader of the Sauk? | Black Hawk War [Editor's note: Lincoln was part of the burial corps and was the captain in the fence anecdote.] |
| In 2002 a lawsuit concerning plagiarism of this piece was settled by composer Mike Batt. This piece was inspired by its composer's visit to Harvard's anechoic [[an- eh-KOH-ik]] chamber, where the composer of this piece realized, "Until I die there will be (+) sounds." David Tudor premiered this piece in 1952 at a performance in which the piano lid (*) was opened and closed three times. For the points, name this piece by John Cage which consists of a pianist not playing while the audience hears ambient noises in the performance venue for the title length of time. | 4'33" [[four minutes, thirty-three seconds]] (or Four-Thirty-Three) |
| This man used an ENIAC program he wrote to support his position on bombing the USSR, which he summarized as "Why not today?" This man immediately found crucial mathematical errors in general equilibrium theory after being introduced to (+) economics by his countryman, Nicholas Kaldor. This scientist designed the explosive lenses that made the "Fat Man" design (*) workable while participating in the Manhattan Project. For the points, name this Hungarian-born polymath who created the field of game theory and designed the architectural paradigm of practical computers. | John von Neumann (or Neumann János Lajos; or Jancsi von Neumannn) |
| Along this river, the ghost town of Montell may be the site of an abandoned Spanish mine rumored to contain treasure. A massacre named for this river took place in 1862 when Confederates killed a party of German immigrants with Union sympathies. (+) Santa Anna claimed that this river's historical status overrode the wording of the Treaty of Velasco. Nearby pecan trees caused the Spanish word for "nuts" (*) to be used as the name of, For the points, what river, which is north of the Rio Grande, that the Republic of Texas claimed as its boundary with Mexico? | Nueces [[NWEH-sehss]] River (accept Nueces Massacre; accept Massacre on the Nueces) |
| A 1937 strike on this island was led by Manuel Fegel on behalf of the Vibora Luviminda [[vee-BOH-rah loo-vee-MEEN-dah]] union, marking the end of ethnically- based sugarcane strikes. This island's city of Lahaina [[lah-hah-EE-nah]] was a former center of the (+) whaling industry. Missionaries on this island created the twelve-letter alphabet now used for the language spoken on this island and its neighbors. (*) Kahului [[kah-hoo-LOO-ee]] is the largest town on, For the points, what second-largest island by area in Hawaii, which is named for a trickster god? | Maui |
| The Supreme Court declined to incorporate all protections of this amendment in 1949's Wolf v. Colorado. A federal rule regarding this Constitutional amendment was put forth in Weeks v. U.S. and was later applied to states, in a reversal of Wolf that arose from a (*) Cleveland police seizure of gambling paraphernalia. The case of Mapp v. Ohio created the state-level (*) exclusionary rule enforcing this amendment. For the points, name this Constitutional amendment which protects against warrantless searches and seizures. | Fourth Amendment (or Amendment four) |
| This author denounced "Communist penetration" and put forth an analogy about an "old white mare" in a 1955 letter to the Orlando Sentinel in which she expressed disagreement with the Brown v. Board decision. This author drove the "Sassy Susie" on her first (*) fieldwork expedition, where she learned not to speak "Barnardese" and transcribed dialect that became her book Mules and Men. The author of a novel about the all-Black (*) town of Eatonville, Florida, For the points, who was this anthropologist and novelist who wrote about Janie Crawford in Their Eyes Were Watching God? | Zora Neale Hurston |
| An investigation commissioned from the Franklin Institute found that an event on this ship was caused by the use of welded bands instead of a shrinking-based installation as used on the Oregon. That event on this ship, which was witnessed by a 75-year-old Dolley (+) Madison, happened after Captain Robert Stockton ordered the demonstration of a Peacemaker gun during a cruise on the Potomac. Naval Secretary Thomas Walker Gilmer and Secretary of State Abel (*) Upshur were among the six victims of an 1844 explosion aboard, For the points, what warship? | U.S.S. Princeton (accept Princeton explosion and similar answers) |
| This graphic novel contains an interlude entitled "Prisoner on the Hell Planet" in which the artist depicts himself reacting to his mother's suicide. The main narrative of this graphic novel takes place in Sosnowiec [[SAH-snoh-VEET]], the subject of Anja's [[AHN-yahs]] (+) burned diaries. In 2022, a Tennessee school board voted to ban the teaching of this graphic novel, causing it to return to the (*) bestseller list. For the points, name this graphic novel in which Art Spiegelman uses animals to recount his father's experience in the Holocaust. | Maus |
| Under the terms of this treaty, Tobias Watkins led a commission that heard private compensation claims, for which the U.S. assumed financial responsibility. The "step boundary" was established by this treaty, which cleared the way for Stephen Long's scientific expedition (+) the following year. One party to this treaty renounced all land claims above the 42nd parallel in exchange for recognition of its then- ownership of Texas to the Sabine (*) River. John Quincy Adams negotiated this treaty as Secretary of State. For the points, name this 1819 treaty by which Spain sold Florida to the U.S. | Adams-Onís Treaty (accept Transcontinental Treaty; accept Florida Purchase Treaty before "Florida" is mentioned) |
| Created by Len Wein and Herb Trimpe in 1974, this character's first major appearance was in Incredible Hulk, Number 181 in which he fights both the Wendigo and the Hulk. This character worked for the intelligence agency, Department H, and served in the 1st Parachute Battalion at (+) D-Day. From 2000 to 2017, this character appeared in nine films, and the actor playing this character held the Guinness record, along with (*) Patrick Stewart, for the "Longest career as a live-action Marvel superhero." For the points, name this character played in the X-Men films by Hugh Jackman. | Wolverine (or Logan; or James Howlett; prompt on "James") |
| After this incident was resolved, Charles Miller's actions in crossing the Brevie Line led to legal action. A brief Marine operation against Koh Tang island, designed to end this crisis, is often called the "last battle of the Vietnam War." (+) This incident involved the Sea-Land Service's vessel named for a town in Puerto (*) Rico. For the points, name this May 1975 diplomatic crisis during which the Khmer Rouge government of Cambodia seized an American merchant ship. | Mayaguez incident (accept descriptive answers of the event surrounding the seizure of the SS Mayaguez) |
| This man's younger brother, Thomas, defended his actions to Missouri congressman Spencer Pettis, leading to a duel in which both died, because Thomas's nearsightedness forced the pair to fire at each other from five feet apart. This man offended abolitionists (+) by illicitly buying millions of dollars of cotton with his institution's funds. This man raised interest rates following Roger Taney's [[TAH- nees]] withdrawal of federal (*) deposits to enforce a veto of charter renewal. For the points, name this last president of the Second Bank of the United States, who fought the "Bank War" with Andrew Jackson. | Nicholas Biddle |
| Diplomat David Erskine proclaimed British intention to comply with the aims of this bill but was rebuffed by the British Cabinet's refusal to repeal the Orders in Council. This bill was part of a series of "peaceable coercion" efforts and was passed in the final week before James (+) Madison took office. A three-month probationary suspension of this law's provisions was the main feature of its successor, Macon's (*) Bill Number Two. For the points, name this 1809 law that removed some restrictions of the Embargo Act in an attempt to target only Britain and France. | Non-Intercourse Act (or Indian Intercourse Act; or Indian Non-intercourse Act) |
| This structure's owners were required to pay 200 pounds per year to a nearby college for putting a university-run ferry service out of business. The investors in this structure argued that its charter implicitly guaranteed a monopoly and that (+) confiscation of property interests could not be justified by the state power to make internal improvements. (*) For the points, name this structure over a Boston waterway whose namesake company was the subject of an 1837 Supreme Court case over contract rights against the Warren Bridge. | Charles River Bridge (or Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge; or The Proprietors of Charles River Bridge, Plaintiffs in Error v. The Proprietors of Warren Bridge, and others) |
| A member of this informal group advanced its opinions in the Globe in opposition to the United States Telegraph of one of this group's rivals, Duff Green. Tennessee judge John Overton was part of this group, (+) which came to prominence following the purge of its formal counterpart in the Petticoat Affair. Francis Blair, Amos Kendall, and (*) Martin van Buren were major members of this group. For the points, name this group of informal advisors to Andrew Jackson. | Kitchen Cabinet |
| This nickname arose from terminology used in a reply to Lloyd Tilghman by Andrew Foote, who oversaw naval bombardments that greatly assisted in securing this epithet. A song popularizing this nickname began, "We were sworn to death or victory for our (+) Union, God defend her." This nickname arose for an action agreed to by Simon Bolivar Buckner following John Floyd's abandonment of Fort Donelson (*) in February 1862. For the points, give this nickname which was humorously said to be the real meaning of U.S. Grant's initials. | "Unconditional Surrender" |
| This Justice wrote the Supreme Court opinion using state sovereignty to invalidate the "coverage formula" and "preclearance" provisions of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 in Shelby County v. Holder. An opinion written by this Justice found that the Congressional power to tax made most provisions of the (+) Affordable Care Act constitutional. Midway through this former DC Circuit judge's confirmation process, his nomination was changed so that he was no longer (*) Sandra Day O'Connor's replacement. For the points, name this man who replaced William Rehnquist in 2005 as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. | John Roberts (or John Glover Roberts, Jr.) |
| These structures, which take their name from a "spiked barrier," had a second wave of building in the 1840s which focused on their "plank" variety. Prominent examples of these projects in the late 18th century included the Great Western, (+) which began at Albany, and the Philadelphia and Lancaster, which opened in 1792 as the first American example of these projects. The "houses" which (*) collected payment for using these structures were found every 20 miles along the Cumberland Road. For the points, identify these paid roads which granted access by moving a barrier. | Turnpikes (prompt on "toll road"; prompt on "plank road"; prompt on "roads") |
| This man attempted to punish an 1866 race riot in New Orleans by removing officeholders, including Louisiana governor James Wells, during his time as the Reconstruction commander of Texas and Louisiana. This man amassed a 50,000-man army to guard against a possible invasion (+) from Maximilian's regime in Mexico. On an earlier mission, this general won at Fisher's Hill and the Third Battle of Winchester during a (*) scorched-earth campaign. For the points, name this Union general who led the burning of the Shenandoah Valley during his 1864 pursuit of Jubal Early. | Philip (Henry) Sheridan |
| In this city, Bernard Simon was bemused to be given a platter of bologna and mayonnaise sandwiches to feed a group of Jewish hostages. A coordinated siege in this city was directed by Hamaas Khaalis and demanded that the government surrender the killers of Malcolm X and destroy all (*) copies of the film Mohammad, Messenger of God. In this city, three major buildings were taken over for three days in March 1977 by members of the Hanafi (*) Movement. For the points, name this city where that hostage crisis included the wounding by gunshot of future mayor Marion Barry. | Washington, D.C. (or DC; or District of Columbia) |
| This committee chairman facilitated passage of the National Banking Act and Legal Tender Act of 1862 as war-financing measures during his time as chairman of the House Ways and Means Committee during the Civil War. An 1865 speech in Lancaster (*) by this man proposed confiscating the 70,000 largest estates in the South to fund Sherman's "40 acres and a mule" program. The film Lincoln depicts this man's semi- public relationship with his (*) Black housekeeper, Lydia Smith. For the points, name this Radical Republican leader from Pennsylvania. | Thaddeus "Thad" Stevens |
| This man lost seven million dollars in an attempt to outmaneuver Daniel Drew and partners for control of a railroad in the "Erie War." In his 70s, this man engaged in a controversial affair with feminist activist Tennessee Claflin. This man successively won control of the New York (+) and Harlem, Hudson River, and New York Central railroads. Descendants of this man include the builder of the Biltmore Estate, (*) fashion designer Gloria, and reporter Anderson Cooper. For the points, identify this transportation magnate who made a substantial donation to a Nashville university now named for him. | Cornelius Vanderbilt (or "Commodore" Vanderbilt) |
| An early example of these events was organized by David Morrill Poor and was known as the "Great Chihuahua" instance, one of the rare southward-oriented examples of these events. These events often involved a spare supply of "remuda" and served food from a (+) "chuckwagon." These events were the primary use of the Goodnight-Loving, Great Western, and Chisholm (*) Trails. These events ended at train depots that transported products to stockyards. For the points, name these actions conducted by cowboys to bring livestock to market. | Cattle drives (accept descriptive answers showing clear knowledge) |
| This scandal was exposed using letters leaked to the New York Sun by Henry Simpsons McComb. James Brooks and James Bayard were the major Democrats implicated in this mostly-Republican scandal, which involved a company founded by Thomas Durant and George Francis (+) Train. Massachusetts congressman Oakes Ames was the pivotal person in this scandal, which involved financing for the (*) Union Pacific. For the points, identify this early 1870s scandal involving congressmen being gifted stock in railroad construction firms. | Crédit Mobilier scandal |
| In 1974, Ronald Clark O'Bryan used poison in substances distributed for this purpose to kill his son, Timothy, for life insurance money. Delaware sociologist Joel Best specializes in debunking the notion that this kind of good is adulterated (+) on any random basis, despite baseless warnings from advice columnists in the 1980s. Products released for this seasonal purpose include Mystery Oreos, (*) Zombie Skittles, and Hershey's Monster Kisses. For the points, name this kind of sweet often distributed to costumed door-knockers at the end of October. | Halloween candy (accept Trick-or-treating candy and similar answers; prompt on "candy," "sweets," etc.) |
| This author of the memoir New Horizons inspired over 3400 clubs dedicated to enacting his namesake idea. This man's namesake plan was to be funded with a two percent federal sales tax and was to benefit any retiree who was not a "habitual criminal" (+) with special funds that had to be spent within 30 days of receipt. The Social Security Act was passed (*) in part to countermand this man's more radical proposal. For the points, name this California doctor who advocated the "old age revolving pension plan" in the 1930s. | Francis (Everett) Townsend (accept Townsend Plan) |
| A facility in this jurisdiction collected the data that was distributed in the SETI@Home [[SET-EE-AT-HOME]] project. People who live in this jurisdiction became U.S. citizens under the Jones Act. A series of 1999 protests caused the closure of the naval training base located at (+) Vieques [[VYEH-kehs]] in this jurisdiction. In 2020, the Arecibo telescope located in this jurisdiction collapsed, a month after a referendum (*) won 52 percent support for pursuing this territory's admission as a U.S. state. For the points, name this Spanish-speaking U.S. commonwealth in the Caribbean. | Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (accept PR) |
| In a musical titled for these people, the selection of Samuel Leibowitz as their attorney is covered in the song "That's Not The Way We Do Things." Both the Norris and Patterson Supreme Court decisions, regarding jury selection, arose out of a case involving these people, (+) as did the decision which first applied part of the Sixth Amendment to states. These people were implicated in a racially-charged incident on a (*) train that led to a series of controversial trials starting in 1931. For the points, name this group of nine Black teenagers who were falsely accused of rape in Alabama. | The Scottsboro Boys |
| On this holiday, twelve blocks of Rolla [[RAH-lah]], Missouri are painted by university students, and the 69th Infantry Regiment is always at the head of a New York parade on this day. In the 1995 Hurley case, the right of a Boston parade (+) held on this day to exclude gay marchers was upheld. In 1962, Plumbers Union head Stephen Bailey convinced Richard Daley to begin the tradition of dying the (*) Chicago River green on this day. For the points, name this March holiday used to celebrate Irish-American heritage. | St. Patrick's Day (accept St. Patrick's Day Parade) |
| Much of the modern equipment used for working with these animals was invented by Pennsylvania minister L.L. Langstroth. Nephi Miller pioneered the practice of renting out these animals from a mobile platform in a rotation of different agricultural (+) regions. Mormons believe that the word "Deseret" in Jaredite translates to the English name of this animal, which has thus become a symbol of the majority religion as well as the (*) state of Utah. For the points, name these insects which, in the 2000s, began undergoing a colony collapse disaster. | Bees (accept Honeybees; or Apis) |
| John Young supported a campaign to expand this title's domain that culminated at the Battle of Leaping Mullet. A holder of this office decreed that any person should be able to sleep on the roadside without coming to harm in the Law of the Splintered Paddle. The last (+) holder of this office was forced to give up most of their power in the Bayonet Constitution (*) and resided in Iolani Palace. For the points, name this monarchy, created by Kamehameha I [[kah-MEH-hah-MEH-hah the FIRST]], that came to an end with the 1893 overthrow of Liliʻuokalani [[LIL-ee-oh-kah-LAH-nee]]. | Monarchy of Hawaii (accept King, Queen or Ruler of Hawaii or other equivalents; prompt on "leader") |
| John Wilkinson Taylor and Luther Evans were the two American directors- general of this agency. Blake Van Leer became the president of Georgia Tech and a board member of this organization at nearly the same time and used this group's declarations on racial equality (+) during integration of Southern college football. The U.S. has twice withdrawn from this organization over its perpetual overspending and controversial stances against Israel, though this agency still recognizes 24 (*) World Heritage Sites in the U.S. For the points, name this United Nations agency that promotes science and culture. | UNESCO (or United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization; or Organisation des Nations unies pour l'éducation, la science et la culture) |
| During this operation, Charles Young led the U.S. Army's first cavalry charge in 18 years. George Patton used three Dodge vehicles to lead the first motor vehicle assault in U.S. military history during this operation, during which Patton was nicknamed "The Bandito." (+) This operation was conducted after the 13th Cavalry and several civilian targets were assaulted during a (*) raid on Columbus, New Mexico. For the points, identify this operation just prior to U.S. entry into World War One in which John Pershing pursued Pancho Villa into Mexico. | Punitive Expedition (accept Mexican Expedition before "Mexico" is mentioned; accept descriptive answers such as the U.S. Army's pursuit of Pancho Villa before "Pancho Villa" is mentioned; do not accept or prompt on "Mexican War" or "Mexican-American War") |
| A Kentucky senatorial campaign ad about an event at this university accused Rand Paul of worshipping a deity called "Aqua Buddha" while attending school here. A future president of this university, Rufus Burleson, baptized Sam Houston in the Brazos River. A 2015 review (+) found that this university mishandled a series of sexual assault complaints, resulting in the firing of President Ken Starr and the head football coach, Art Briles. In 2019 and 2021, this university won, respectively, the women's and (*) men's Division One NCAA basketball championships. For the points, name this Baptist-affiliated university in Waco, Texas. | Baylor University |
| Tampa mayor James McKay captained a sidewheel steamship used for this purpose, the Scottish Chief. The screw-driven steamships also used in this role included the Fingal and the Sumter, captained by a pre-Alabama Raphael Semmes. Many (+) ships which filled this role stopped either in the Bahamas to meet John Newland Maffitt or in Cuba. Cotton was exported to Europe via (*) intermediaries by these ships. For the points, name these ships which attempted to avoid the Union embargo on Confederate trade during the Civil War. | Blockade runners |
| This man escaped from the cockpit of an A-4E Skyhawk whose fuel tank was ignited during the deadly USS Forrestal fire. In 2000, this man co-sponsored a bill aimed at "soft money" that was later partially invalidated by the Citizens United (+) case, along with Wisconsin Democrat Russ Feingold. This candidate announced a brief "campaign suspension" in response to the 2008 financial crisis (*) while running against Barack Obama for president. For the points, name this longtime senator from Arizona who died in 2018. | John McCain (or John Sidney McCain III; accept McCain-Feingold Act) |
| Abraham Lincoln symbolically contracted with J. Summerfield Staples to engage in a form of this practice designed to encourage other "ineligibles." People who repeatedly deserted after collecting money (+) as part of this practice were known as "jumpers." This practice was specifically authorized by the 1863 Enrollment Act, (*) and its cost was standardized at 300 dollars. For the points, name this practice of wealthy draftees paying others to serve in their place during the Civil War. | Substitution (prompt on descriptive answers) |