| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| This scientist was indifferent to Arthur Eddington’s solar eclipse experiment, which Philipp Lenard used in an attempt to discredit this man's "Jewish physics." This scientist resisted quantum mechanics, which he called “spooky action at a distance.” The theoretical phenomena called "wormholes” are also known as "bridges" named for this scientist and Nathan Rosen. For ten points, name this scientist who revolutionized physics with his theories of relativity. | Albert Einstein (accept Einstein-Rosen Bridge) |
| One city in this country is home to marching youth organizations called Buekorps [[BOO-uh-"corpse"]]. That city in this country's Vestland region was the northernmost Kontor of the Hanseatic League, and this country's Dalen Hotel was built in a "Dragon Style" that drew inspiration from this country's wooden stave churches. For ten points, name this Scandinavian kingdom whose Akershus fortress lies at the heart of its capital, Oslo. | Kingdom of Norway (or Kongeriket Norge) |
| This composer was admitted to the Paris Conservatory at the age of ten and won the Grand Prix [[PREE]] de Rome for L’Enfant prodigue [[lahn-FAHNT proh-DEEG]]. This composer was influenced by Indonesian gamelan [[GAM-eh-lan]] music as shown in the movement Pagodes [[pah-GOHD]]. This composer used extended harmonies and harmonic planing in a style called Impressionism. For ten points, name this French composer whose works include La Mer [[lah-MEHR]] and Clair de Lune. | Claude Debussy [[deh-byoo-SEE]] (accept phonetic pronunciations) |
| Protections guaranteed in this case were extended in Eisenstadt v. Baird. This 1965 case ruled that longstanding Comstock Laws were unconstitutional. The petitioner in this case was the executive director of a New England chapter of Planned Parenthood, and this case established that the Constitution protects “marital privacy.” For ten points, name this Supreme Court case that overturned laws prohibiting married couples from purchasing birth control. | Griswold v. Connecticut (or Estelle T. Griswold and C. Lee Buxton v. Connecticut) |
| This man exiled his only daughter, Julia, to Pandateria along with his wife, Scribonia, and this man also exiled the poet Ovid. Following Publius Quinctilius [[kwink-TILL-ee-us]] Varus’s disastrous loss at Teutoburg Forest, this man allegedly said, “Give me back my legions!” With Marcus Lepidus [[LEP-id-us]] and Mark Antony, this man was a member of the Second Triumvirate. For ten points, name this adopted son of Julius Caesar, the first emperor of Rome. | Caesar Augustus (or Octavian; or Gaius Octavius; or Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus; prompt on "Caesar"; do not accept or prompt on “Julius Caesar”) |
| Early in the War of 1812, this officer successfully defended Indiana’s Fort Harrison from a British assault. This officer commanded U.S. forces to an indecisive result at the Battle of Lake Okeechobee. Along with Abraham Lincoln, this officer is one of two future U.S. presidents to fight in the Black Hawk War. The victor at the Battle of Buena Vista against overwhelming odds, this is, for ten points, what man who was also known as “Old Rough and Ready?” | Zachary Taylor |
| This organization used Gestapo agent Willi Lehmann to spy on Nazi Germany. This organization ran sharashkas, which were secret labs used to detain researchers, and this organization used the “album procedure” for extrajudicial killings such as the Polish Operation. A Georgian named Lavrenty Beria led this organization, which ran the Gulag system during the Great Purge. For ten points, identify this pre-KGB Soviet secret police of the Stalin era. | NKVD (or People's Commisariat for Internal Affairs; or Naródnyy komissariát vnútrennikh del; prompt on "Soviet Union" before "Lavrenty" is mentioned) |
| This man proved the treason of counterfeiter William Chaloner while leading the Royal Mint. This man stuck needles into his tear ducts during one experiment, and, following another experiment, this man reported that mercury tasted “strong, sourish, [and] ungrateful.” This man was the second scientist to be knighted, and he reportedly said that he had stood "...on the shoulders of giants.” For ten points, name this English scientist known for his laws of motion. | Sir Isaac Newton |
| During Queen Anne's War, the capital of this province fell under siege from the British, who controlled it after the Treaty of Utrecht. First inhabited by the Mi'kmaq [[MIK- mak]], this province was colonized in 1605 by the French, who called it Acadia. This province was once known as "the 14th American colony" for harboring American loyalists. For ten points, name this Canadian province that is home to the largest Gaelic-speaking community outside of Scotland. | Nova Scotia |
| A man who led a rebellion of people of this ethnicity organized a "Society of United" people in 1798. Wolfe Tone led a rebellion of people of this ethnicity, who were targeted by the Penal Laws. People of this ethnicity were attacked during the Battle of Vinegar Hill in Enniscorthy, and a 1641 rebellion of these people involved the Siege of Drogheda [[DRAW- geh-dah]]. A movement for Home Rule was led by, for ten points, what ethnicity that faced a potato famine? | Irish (accept word forms or descriptive answers about People from Ireland; accept Society of United Irishmen) |
| This object was first recorded in 240 BC in the Chinese chronical Records of the Grand Historian. One of the first photographs of this object was taken at Harvard’s Southern Hemisphere Station in 1910. While at the Cape of Good Hope, William Herschel sighted this object, which is represented in the Bayeux [[bay-YOH]] Tapestry. For ten points, identify this celestial object that is named for a British astronomer and visible from Earth in cycles of 75 years. | Halley’s Comet (prompt on partial answers) |
| Born two weeks after the 1835 appearance of Halley's Comet, this American author accurately predicted he would die in the year of its return, as he suffered a heart attack the day after its closest approach to Earth. | Mark Twain (accept Samuel Langhorne Clemens) |
| During a 1932 attempted coup in this city, reactionary naval officers murdered a 76- year-old appointed official and plotted the assassination of actor Charlie Chaplin. This city was the primary target of Operation Coronet, part of the never-conducted Operation Downfall. This city was the capital of the Tokugawa Shogunate under the name Edo. For ten points, identify this capital city that witnessed the trial and execution of Hideki Tojo. | Tokyo (prompt on “Edo” before mentioned) |
| Born in Tokyo, this Japanese filmmaker depicted the Heian and Sengoku periods in films such as Rashomon and Seven Samurai. | Akira Kurosawa (accept in either order; prompt on "Akira") |
| Peter Andreas discussed the impact of the IRCA on this area's flow of workers and families. Gloria Anzaldúa [[ahn-zahl-DOO-ah]] discussed the "new mestiza" [[mes-TEE-sah]] in a book titled for this location, which was the subject of the Chamizal [[chah-mee-ZAHL]] dispute. Operation Streamline instituted a zero-tolerance policy in this area, which increased security at Nogales [[noh-GAH-lehs]]. For ten points, name this border that divides San Diego and Tijuana. | United States–Mexico Border (or U.S.–Mexico Border; accept clear-knowledge equivalents; prompt on "Borderlands"; prompt on "Border Games"; prompt on partial answers) |
| This Texas city on the U.S.-Mexico border sits across from Ciudad Juárez [[see-yoo- DAHD HWAH-rehs]] and was the site of a secret meeting between William Howard Taft and Porfirio Díaz. | El Paso |
| Peleg Sprague and Theodore Frelinghuysen [[FREE-ling-hy-sen]] spoke against this policy in Congress. Elias Boudinot [[BOO-dih-naht]] was killed for supporting this policy, which was implemented by the Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek. The case Worcester v. Georgia tried to prevent this policy that resulted in the deaths of 4,000 people moving west of the Mississippi River. For ten points, identify this policy that names an 1830 act forcing native tribes out of the Southeast. | Indian Removal (accept clear-knowledge equivalents including those referring to Native Americans or Indigenous Americans; accept Indian Removal Act; accept Trail of Tears) |
| The Choctaw, who were removed from Mississippi and Alabama by the Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek, served in this capacity during World War One for the 36th Infantry. Members of the Navajo served in this capacity, which provided an indecipherable form of communication. | Code Talkers (or Code Talking) |
| A song recorded by this man in 1968 has been the spark for at least twelve karaoke bar murders in the Philippines. Known to have Mafia connections, this man broke publicly with John F. Kennedy after the president opted to stay at the home of professed Republican Bing Crosby during a trip to Southern California. Winning an Academy Award for From Here to Eternity in 1953, this is, for ten points, what American singer known as the "Chairman of the Board?" | Frank Sinatra (or Francis Albert Sinatra) |
| Frank Sinatra is partially credited with helping to usher in integration in this "City of Sin" where Black entertainers Nat King Cole and Sammy Davis Jr. were segregated while performing at the Sands hotel. | Las Vegas (or Sin City) |
| One individual involved in this event died after contracting typhoid fever, purportedly caused by bad shellfish at a Boston banquet. Neil Armstrong carried an artifact from this event to the Moon, and the New York Times declared that the advent of an object central to this event was between “one million and ten million years” away. Ohio and North Carolina both lay claim to the brothers involved in, for ten points, what event that occurred at Kitty Hawk? | First powered Flight (accept the Wright brothers’ First Flight; accept the First Flight by Orville and Wilbur Wright; accept the Successful Use of the Wright Flyer; accept clear knowledge equivalents) |
| In 1783, the Montgolfier [[mohn-gohl-FYEH]] brothers, Joseph-Michel and Jacques- Étienne, demonstrated this flight-related invention in Annonay, France. | Hot Air Balloon (or Globe aérostatique; prompt on "Balloon") |
| This man withdrew from the 2008 Republican presidential race after finishing a distant third in Florida. An outspoken supporter of Donald Trump in the 2016 election, this man was part of Trump’s legal team during the special counsel’s investigation into Russian election interference. The first Republican mayor of New York City in two decades, this is, for ten points, what man who was known as “America’s Mayor” for his leadership following the attacks on 9/11? | Rudy Giuliani (or Rudolph William Louis Giuliani) |
| Late in the 2020 election cycle, Giuliani was involved in a media fiasco after giving a press conference at a landscaping company with this name, with media outlets suggesting the Trump campaign had mistakenly thought they were booking at a major international hotel chain. | Four Seasons (accept Four Seasons Total Landscaping; accept Four Seasons Hotel and Resort) |
| Father Gapon led a march against a ruler with this name, which was shared by a ruler who came to power after the abdication of his brother, Constantine. The first ruler with this name put down the Decembrist Revolt, and Alexei and Anastasia were among the children of the second ruler of this name, whose family was massacred at the Ipatiev [[ee- PAHT-yehf]] House. For ten points, give this name of two Russian tsars, the second of whom was killed in 1918. | Nicholas (accept Nicholas I [[the First]]; or Nicholas II [[the Second]]) |
| Nicholas II's [[the Second's]] advisor, Sergei Witte [[WEE-teh]], helped him draft a 1905 manifesto named for this month, which also names the Bolshevik-led Revolution of 1917. | October (accept October Manifesto; accept October Revolution; accept Great October Socialist Revolution) |
| Has fronted the E Street Band since 1972 and is known as "The Boss." | Bruce Springsteen (or Bruce Frederick Joseph Springsteen) |
| Led the band Queen and died of AIDS in 1991. | Freddie Mercury (or Farrokh Bulsara) |
| Is the lead singer of Aerosmith and the father of actress, Liv. | Steven Tyler (or Steven Victor Tallarico; prompt on "Tyler") |
| Sang the hits "Hound Dog" and "Blue Suede Shoes". | Elvis Presley (or Elvis Aaron Presley) |
| Fronted Big Brother and the Holding Company until her 1970 death at 27. | Janis Joplin (or Janis Lyn Joplin) |
| Taught sixth grade in Manhattan before forming KISS with Paul Stanley and Peter Criss. | Gene Simmons (or Chaim Witz) |
| Was dubbed the “father of rock & roll” by Rolling Stone and wrote "Maybelline." | Chuck Berry (or Charles Edward Anderson Berry) |
| Died in 1980 after serving as Led Zeppelin's drummer for twelve years. | John Bonham (accept Bonzo) |
| Document signed by King John limiting monarchical power. | Magna Carta (or Magna Carta Libertatum) |
| Church and modern coronation site of British monarchs that was consecrated under Henry III [[the Third]]. | Westminster Abbey (or Collegiate Church of Saint Peter at Westminster) |
| Conflict during which Richard the Lionheart battled Saladin. | Third Crusade (or Kings' Crusade; prompt on "Crusade (s)") |
| Saint whose conflict with Henry II [[the Second]] led to his assassination and canonization. | Thomas Becket (or Saint Thomas of Canterbury; or Thomas of London or Thomas à Becket) |
| Prince of Wales who never became king and was named for his dark armor. | Edward the Black Prince (or Edward of Woodstock; prompt on partial answers) |
| Ruler who built the largest trebuchet [[treh-byoo-SHEH]] in history during his invasion of Scotland. | Edward I [[the First]] (or Edward Longshanks; prompt on "Edward") |
| Northwestern French region from which the Plantagenets originated. | County of Anjou |
| Wife of Edward II who led an invasion with Roger Mortimer against her husband. | Isabella of France (or Isabella the She-Wolf) |
| Ocean they traversed to reach islands like Tahiti and Tuvalu. | Pacific Ocean |
| Island where the Rapa Nui [[RAH-pah NOO-ee]] built large stone heads known as moai [[MOH-"eye"]]. | Easter Island (accept Isla de Pascua) |
| Technology utilized to catch wind on boats that came in a "crab-claw" variety. | Sail |
| Class of animals whose migration patterns assisted ancient Polynesian seafarers. | Birds (accept Aves) |
| Polynesian term for something sacred, later adapted into English to mean a prohibited act. | Tapu (accept Taboo) |
| Language and people group from which they originate, which experienced a namesake "expansion" in the second millennium BCE. | Austronesian peoples (or Austronesian-speaking peoples; accept Austronesian expansion) |
| Priestly caste of Hawaii, a term also used by Kamehameha IV [[kah-MEH-hah-MEH- hah the Fourth]] to describe Anglican priests. | Kahuna |
| Empire which extorted tribute for neighbors like Fiji through the Inasi ceremony at its capital of Mu'a. | Tongan Empire (or Tu'i Tonga Empire) |
| Before his death, this man’s final words were reportedly a request for his friend, Crito, to sacrifice a rooster to Asclepius. According to one work, this man, who claimed the unexamined life was not worth living, was said to be the wisest man by the Oracle of Delphi, because he knew that he (+) knew nothing. This man's trial on charges of impiety and causing corruption is depicted as a dialogue in Plato's (*) Apology. For ten points, name this ancient Greek philosopher whose trial resulted in his death by hemlock. | Socrates (accept Apology of Socrates) |
| This government official died four days after Ulysses S. Grant nominated him for associate justice of the Supreme Court. This replacement for Simon Cameron allowed Union soldiers from key states to return to home states to vote in the election of 1864, (+) which tipped the election even further in Abraham Lincoln’s favor. The Radical Republicans moved to impeach Andrew Johnson (*) after this man barricaded himself in his office. For ten points, identify this secretary of war who was wrongfully dismissed in violation of the Tenure of Office Act. | Edwin Stanton (or Edwin McMasters Stanton) |
| A set of 2016 protests in this country sought the return of Welkait to the region of which it is a part. Verbally attacked and called a dictator at a 2012 Food Security conference, a long-time leader of this country, Meles Zenawi, was succeeded after his death by Hailemariam Desalegn [[dess-ah-LEHN]]. The TDF (+) represents one side in an ongoing conflict in this country, in which Abiy [[ah-BEE]] Ahmed's military has taken part. The Tigray War (*) is ongoing in, for ten points, what African country in which Amharic is often spoken in Addis Ababa? | Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (or Ityop'iya Federalawi Demokrasiyawi Ripeblik) |
| According to Homer, this Greek deity was wounded in the shoulder by Herakles’s arrow at the siege of Pylos. According to Apollodorus, Hermes was able to slay the giant Hippolytus [[hih-puh-LYE-tus]] by donning this deity’s helmet, which was forged by the Cyclopes and granted (+) invisibility to its wearer. After becoming the lover of this Greek god, the nymph Minthe was turned into mint, either by Demeter, Persephone [[per-SEH-fuh-nee]], (*) or this god. For ten points, name this Greek god of the underworld. | Hades (do not accept or prompt on “Pluto”) |
| A president of this country was nicknamed the "Golden Sparrow of Democracy" after its democratic revolution of 1990. Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj [[tsah- kee-ah-GEEN el-bek-DORZH]] was a leader of this country, where anti-communist protestors led demonstrations at Sükhbaatar [[SOOHK-bah-tahr]] Square. The Battle of (+) Khalkhin Gol took place in this country, whose president, Khorloogiin Choibalsan [[kohr-loh-oh-GEEN choy-bahl-SAHN]], tried to merge its "Outer" and "Inner" (*) regions. For ten points, name this country whose capital was changed to "Red Hero," or Ulaanbaatar. | Mongolia (accept Mongol Uls) |
| The first pieces in this genre were created after one composer gave performances at Weinzierl [["VINE"-zyeh-ruhl]] Castle. A piece in this genre is a theme and variation on the hymn “God Save Emperor Francis,” honoring Holy Roman Emperor Francis II [[the Second]]. (+) Pieces in this genre, whose early examples include "The Joke" and "The Lark," developed into four movements with an opening sonata form thanks to examples like "Emperor." (*) Pioneered by Joseph Haydn, this is, for ten points, what genre that is written for a viola, cello, and two violins? | String Quartets (prompt on partial answers; prompt on "Emperor Quartet") |
| During a battle in this conflict, Peter Halkett was killed and Robert Orme was wounded. At the aforementioned battle during this conflict, a flying column consisting of 1,300 troops crossed the Monongahela [[mah-NON-gah-heh-lah]] River. Fort Cumberland was the starting point of a campaign through the (+) Ohio River Valley during this war, which attempted to capture Fort Duquesne [[doo-KEHN]]. That campaign of this war was led by Edward Braddock, who was assisted by (*) George Washington. For ten points, name this North American theatre of the Seven Years' War. | French and Indian War (prompt on "Seven Years'" War) |
| From 1066 to 1067, two men named Eric fought for this country's throne. The House of Bjelbo [[BYEL-boh]] took control of this country in 1250, though it later fell under the rule of the Kalmar (+) Union and regained independence under the Vasas. The House of Bernadotte governed this country and its western neighbor, and, during the Napoleonic Wars, this country was separated from (*) Finland. For ten points, name this Nordic country led by Carl XVI [[the Sixteenth]] Gustav. | Kingdom of Sweden (or Konungariket Sverige) |
| One leader of this country launched the New Village Movement to modernize rural communities. That leader of this country was assassinated by the head of his intelligence agency in 1979 and earlier staged a self-coup in the October (+) Restoration. This country’s Sampoong Department store collapsed and killed 502 people in 1995, and the cessation of one conflict was negotiated in this country's village of Panmunjom. Experiencing rapid economic development in the 1970s, (*) this is, for ten points, what Asian nation that was once led by Park Chung-Hee? | South Korea (or Republic of Korea; or Taehan Min'guk; or Han'guk; accept ROK; prompt on “Korea”) |
| This city contains the Belem Tower, which was constructed in the Manueline style during its country's Renaissance. This capital city experienced a devastating earthquake and fire that struck on All Saints Day in 1755. | Lisbon (accept Great Lisbon Earthquake) |