| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Long period varieties of these objects come from the Oort Cloud. In1994,one of these objects named Shoemaker-Levy 9 crashed into (+) the surface of Jupiter. Solar wind causes the tails of these objects to always point away from the (*) star which they orbit. For the point, name these icy bodies that orbit the Sun and include examples named Halley's and Hale-Bopp. | Comets (accept Short-periodcomets; acceptLong-periodcomets; accept Periodiccomets) |
| As a consequence of its high density, this body's atmosphere experiences super-rotation. Unique volcanic features on this body's surface include pancake domes and ticks. This body is the only (+) planet to experience retrograde rotation. Due to its similar size, this body is sometimes called "Earth's twin." The hottest surface in the Solar (*)System is found on, for thepoint, what second planet from the Sun? | Venus |
| In1961,BerniceEddydiscoveredthatmillionsofpeoplewereexposedtoSV40 [[S-V-"forty"]] through contaminated vaccines for this disease. During the Cutter incident, thousands of Americans were given faulty (+) live-virus vaccines for this disease. This disease's first vaccine wasinventedbyJonasSalkinthe1950s.Paralysis can be (*)caused by, for the point, what diseasethat attacks the nervous system? | Polio (orPoliomyelitis) |
| Children with this disorder typically fail the Sally-Anne test, demonstrating a lack of theory of mind. The DSM Five reclassified this (+) disorder as a spectrum, subsuming the previous diagnosis of Asperger's syndrome. Low (*) social interest and communication struggles characterize, for the point,what neurodevelopmental condition? | Autism (orAutismSpectrum Disorder; acceptASD; accept answers relating to beingAutistic; prompt on "on the spectrum" and similaranswers) |
| Ralph Solecki controversiallyclaimedthatthepresenceofflowerpollenwitha buried member of this species was evidence of ritual burial. This species is believed to have frequently interbred with the closely related (+) Denisovans [[deh-NEE-soh-vins]]. The 1983 discovery of this species's hyoid bone suggests they had the ability to talk. A valley in Western (*) Germany names, for the point, what cave-dwelling relatives of modern humans? | Neanderthals (or HomoNeanderthalis; acceptpronunciations which replace the "TH" with a "T" sound; prompt on "Neander Valley") |
| The vaccinia [[vak-SIH-nee-ah]] virus is used to inoculate against this disease and was first harvested from sores on the hands of milkmaids. During a 1763 siege, British and American soldiers (+) used this disease as a bioweapon by distributing contaminated blankets. The world's first vaccines were produced by Edward (*) Jenner to prevent this disease. For the point, name this deadly disease caused by Variola viruses, which was eradicated in the 1970s. | Smallpox (prompt on "Variola Major" or "VariolaMinor" before mentioned) |
| With theophylline [[thee-AH-fih-leen]], this compound is often used as a treatment for sleep apnea among premature babies.Thisstimulantisoftenextracted using supercritical (+) carbon dioxide. Due to being an adenosine [[ah-DEH-noh-seen]] antagonist,thisalkaloidcompoundiscommonlyusedtoprevent (*)drowsiness. For the point, name this stimulantfound in tea and coffee. | Caffeine (acceptGuaranine; acceptMethyltheobromine) |
| A solution offerrousironandthiscompoundisusedtotreatdrinkingwateras Fenton's reagent. Within eukaryotic [[yoo-"care"-ee-AH-tik]] cells, specialized vacuoles use catalase [[KAT-ah-"lace"]] to (+) break down this compound into water and oxygen. Often used as a first aid antiseptic (*),forthepoint,whatisthis compound with formula H2O2? | Hydrogen Peroxide (acceptH2O2before mentioned;prompt on "peroxide") |
| Common ores of this element include nagyágite [[nahg-YAH-gite]], petzite and krennerite, from which this element can be extracted through (+) cyanide leaching. Iron pyrite superficially resembles this element, lending it the nickname (*) "fool's" this element. High conductivity and malleability characterize, for the point, what precious metal known for its yellow color? | Gold (acceptAu) |
| In a wheel and axle system with equal wheel and axle mass, this quantity for the wheel is equal to mass times radius squared. For a belt and pulley system, this quantity is equal to the (+)axialforceonthebeltmultipliedbytheradiusofthedrive pulley. This quantity, symbolized tau, is the time derivative of angular(*)momentum. For the point, name this rotational analogue of linearforce. | Torque (acceptMoment,Moment of force,Rotationalforce, orTurning effect) |
| This thinker was the first to note the color-changingcamouflageofoctopuses. In On the Heavenly Spheres, this thinker claimed that the stars were suspended inan imperishable aether [[AY-ther]]. This (+) thinker posited the prime mover in his Physics. The Nichomachean [[nih-koh-mah-KEE-an]] Ethics were written by, (*)forthe point, what Greek philosopher who tutored Alexanderthe Great? | Aristotle (orAristoteles) |
| This type of radiation creates free radicals by reacting with CFCs, which can damage the ozone layer. This kind of radiation creates vitamin D from ergosterol [[er-GAH-steh-rol]] and (+) 7-dehydrocholesterol [[dee-hy-dro-"cholesterol"]]. The primary cause of (*) sunburns, forthepoint,whatisthistypeofelectromagneticradiation which has wavelengths longer than x-rays, but shorterthan visible light? | UltravioletRadiation (orUVRadiation; prompton "radiation") |
| A type ofcrystallographyusingthisradiationwasusedbyRosalindFranklinto takeaphotoofthestructureofDNA.Thediscoveryofthistypeof(+)radiationearned Wilhelm Röntgen [[RENT-gen]] a Nobel Prize in Physics. With a lowerfrequencythan gamma (*) rays, for the point, what is this type of radiation which can be used to image bones? | X-rays (orX-Radiation; acceptRöntgen Radiationbefore "Röntgen") |
| The pika [["PIE"-kah]] is a close rabbit relative found in these biomes. Guanacos [[gwah-NAH-kohs]] and vicuñas [[vih-KOO-nyahs]] are twoSouthAmerican (+) camelids [[KAM-eh-lids]] noted for living in these biomes. Plant-life on these biomes typically stops above the snow line (*). For the point, name these high-altitude biomes found in places such as the Himalayas. | Mountains (acceptAlpine; acceptMountainrange; acceptHighlands; accept HimalayanMountains) |