| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| It's not Armenia, but this country experienced a 1934 civil war known as the February Uprising. One leader of this country, Engelbert Dollfuss, was assassinated in the 1934 July Putsch. Another politician from this country was criticized for omitting details of his service in the Wehrmacht [[VEHR-mahkt]] and served as UN secretary-general for a decade. Kurt Waldheim once led, for the point, what country governed from Vienna? | Republic of Austria (or Republik Österreich) |
| This company launched its premium Mint service in 2013 and has a minority stake in the TWA Hotel. In a 2010 incident, Steven Slater publicly announced he was leaving this company after claiming to have been abused by a customer. This company's founder, David Neeleman, set up a Brazilian company with a similar business model called Azul. For the point, name this U.S. airline which announced a merger with ultra-low cost carrier Spirit Airlines in July 2022. | JetBlue Airways Corporation |
| While en route to North America, this man was sentenced to death by James Newport but survived due to a royal decree. This man drew on Second Thessalonians when he said “He that will not work, shall not eat” to a group of colonists. In his autobiography, this man claimed he was saved by a daughter of the chief of the Powhatan tribe. For the point, name this English colonist and leader of Jamestown, who was allegedly spared execution thanks to Pocahontas. | John Smith |
| In 2018, this country abolished its system of rotating the presidency between three islands. In 2008, this country invaded its own island of Anjouan, and in 1976, a fourth island voted against joining this country during the presidency of Ali Soilih [[soy-LEE]]. Claiming sovereignty over Mayotte, for the point, what is this archipelagic country in which Azali Assoumani has governed from Moroni since 2019? | Union of the Comoros (or Umoja wa Komori; or Union des Comores; or al- Ittiḥād al-Qumurī; or Les Comores; or Juzur al Qamar) |
| This leader narrowly won an election with the slogan "The Land is Strong." This leader lost an election for his highest post to Joe Clark but returned after Clark failed to pass a budget. In a television interview, when asked how far he would go to stop violence, this man responded, "Well, just watch me." For the point, name this long-time leader of the Liberal party and prime minister of Canada who invoked the War Measures Act during the 1970 October Crisis. | Pierre Trudeau (or Joseph Philippe Pierre Yves Elliott Trudeau; prompt on "Trudeau") |
| Charles Elliott led British East India troops in attempts to capture this city by attacking forts on the Pearl River delta during the First Opium War. This city’s European name is given to a dialect of Chinese commonly spoken in Hong Kong. For the point, name this coastal Chinese city once known as Canton. | Guangzhou (accept Canton before mentioned; accept Guangzhou Circle) |
| A chapter-by-chapter critique of this man’s thought was published by Frederick the Great with the help of Voltaire. This man used the example of Septimius Severus as someone who is like both the lion and the fox. In one book, this man extolled Cesare Borgia [[CHEH- sah-reh BOHR-zhah]] as an ideal ruler and originated the dictum that it is "better to be feared than loved." For the point, name this Italian Renaissance philosopher and author of The Prince. | Niccolò Machiavelli [[mah-kee-ah-VEH-lee]] (or Niccolò di Bernardo dei Machiavelli; accept Nicholas Machiavel) |
| During this war, Rothenburg was saved by Mayor George Rusch, who drank over three liters of wine at the behest of an enemy commander. Eighty percent of the population of Magdeburg died in this war when it was razed by Count Tilly. Sweden intervened in this war, which was ended by the Peace of Westphalia. For the point, name this religious conflict between Protestants and Catholics in the Holy Roman Empire, named for its three-decade duration. | Thirty Years' War |
| This man landed on Possession Island while sailing his damaged ship through the Torres Strait during a voyage aboard the Endeavour. This man's final voyage ended with his death in Hawaii. Lending his name to the highest mountain in New Zealand, this is, for the point, what explorer who made a 1770 voyage to Australia? | James Cook (accept Captain Cook; accept Mount Cook) |
| This element was the first metal smelted from sulfide ores. Along with gold, this element was the principal resource mined from the San Jose Mine near Copiapó, Chile, where 33 miners were trapped in 2010. Brass and bronze are alloys that contain this element, which oxidizes to verdigris, as seen on the Statue of Liberty. For the point, what is this metallic element that formerly made up 95 percent of U.S. pennies? | Copper (accept Cu) |
| One politician with this surname gave the "Tale of Two Cities" keynote address at the 1984 Democratic National Convention and was later dubbed "Hamlet on the Hudson." Another politician with this surname published the book American Crisis after serving as Bill Clinton's HUD secretary. That politician with this surname resigned one office in 2021 and was succeeded by Kathy Hochul [[HOH-kuhl]]. For the point, give this surname shared by New York governors Mario and Andrew. | Cuomo (accept Mario Matthew Cuomo; accept Andrew Mark Cuomo) |
| This modern-day country is the site of Çatalhöyük [[chah-TAHL-hoh-yook]], and Heinrich Schliemann destroyed many artifacts in this present-day country by using dynamite to excavate Hisarlik. The city of Hattusa in this country was the capital of the Hittite empire, and this country is home to the ruins of Troy. For the point, name this modern-day country that comprises most of ancient Anatolia and Asia Minor. | Republic of Turkey (or Turkey Cumhuriyeti; prompt on "Ottoman Empire") |
| In 2016, the magazine Outside published an obituary for this region into which the Jia Yong crashed in 2010, causing an oil spill. In 2018, the Humane Society issued a lawsuit against one state government for its practice of "culling" sharks in this region. Under the Native Title Act, dugongs and turtles are allowed to be hunted by Aborigines in, for the point, what natural feature that stretches for over 1,400 miles along the coast of Queensland, Australia? | Great Barrier Reef (prompt on partial answers) |
| In return for relinquishing several Black Sea ports, this ruler arranged for Ottoman forces to expel Charles XII [[the Twelfth]] from the Balkans. This ruler ended Swedish supremacy on the Baltic with his victory in the Great Northern War. This man’s reforms included a so-called beard tax, as well as the establishment of the Table of Ranks. For the point, name this modernizing Russian tsar, the founder and namesake of Russia’s imperial capital. | Peter the Great (or Peter I [[the First]]; or Pyotr Alekséyevich; prompt on "St. Petersburg") |
| This ruler is believed to have ordered the poisoning of his half-brother, Britannicus. According to Tacitus [[TASS-it-us]], this ruler’s affair with Poppaea Sabina inspired him to execute his mother by sinking her boat. This emperor was the target of the Pisonian conspiracy, which resulted in the execution of Seneca. The death of this son of Agrippina the Younger began the Year of the Four Emperors. For the point, name this final Julio-Claudian emperor of Rome, who supposedly fiddled during the Great Fire. | Nero (or Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus) |
| A man who was in training for this profession named Valentin Bondarenko died of burns during a fifteen-day endurance program. A program that trained people in this profession was centered at Baikonur in southern Kazakhstan. Valentina Tereshkova was the first woman in this profession, whose members participated in Soyuz and Vostok 1. For the point, name this profession of Yuri Gagarin and other Soviets who went into space. | Cosmonauts (accept Soviet or Russian Astronauts; accept Astronauts alone) |
| This country's Dervish State was established during the Mad Mullah Revolt. Operation Gothic Serpent targeted this country, which fought a 1993 battle after an attempt to capture Mohammed Farrah Aidid. A leader of this country named Siad Barre [[see-AHD bah-REH]] was forced into exile after a war over the Ogaden region with Ethiopia. The film Black Hawk Down was inspired by an American military action in, for the point, what country, the site of the Battle of Mogadishu? | Federal Republic of Somalia (or Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya; or Jumhuriyat as Sumal al Fidiraliyah) |
| In 1958, a group of Black school children in this U.S. state’s capital launched one of the first Sit-ins at a Katz Drug Store. This state was the site of the Battle of Honey Springs, a conflict that involved a Union force consisting mostly of Black soldiers from Fort Gibson. In 1921, this state’s "Black Wall Street" in the Greenwood neighborhood was burned down. For the point, name this U.S. state in which a white mob attacked the Black community in Tulsa. | Oklahoma |
| This country's 1974 elections were its first after a power-sharing agreement known as the National Front. The site of an insurgency by the M-19 group, this country, led by guerilla organizations such as The Black Eagles and Los Rastrojos [[rah-STROH-hohss]], has become the world's largest producer of cocaine. The Medellín [[meh-deh-YEEN]] Cartel operated in, for the point, what country where FARC demobilized after a 2016 peace with the government in Bogota? | Republic of Colombia (accept República de Colombia) |
| Marcos Xiorro [[she-OH-roh]] led an 1821 slave revolt on this island. The 1868 Grito de Lares [[LAH-rehs]] was the first major revolt against colonial rule on this island, whose government was established by the Foraker and Jones–Shafroth Acts. This island's first democratically elected governor was Luis Muñoz Marín, the namesake of this island's busiest airport. For the point, name this U.S. territory annexed from Spain in 1898 and governed from San Juan. | Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (accept PR) |
| This president supported a polar expedition by Jeremiah N. Reynolds, a believer of hollow earth theory. This man is the only president to take office by swearing on the U.S. Constitution. While serving as another president’s secretary of state, this man wrote the Monroe Doctrine. This man helped to negotiate a land agreement with Spanish minister Luis de Onis. For the point, name this sixth president of the United States, the son of the second president. | John Quincy Adams (prompt on “Adams”; do not accept or prompt on "John Adams") |
| This instrument follows the cornet and bugle in a duet with the piccolo in Sergei Prokofiev's Lieutenant Kijé [[kee-ZHEH]] suite. This instrument was played by Elvin Jones and Art Blakey, and two other musicians known for playing this instrument face-off on the jazz album Rich versus Roach. This instrument plays the repeated ostinato rhythm in Maurice Ravel's Boléro. For the point, identify this instrument, orchestral examples of which include the timpani and snare. | Drums (accept Side Drum; accept Snare Drum; accept Bass Drum; accept Timpani Drum) |
| One cathedral in this city legendarily contains the remains of the Three Wise Men, which were brought to this city after Frederick Barbarossa's conquest of Milan. That cathedral in this city is the tallest twin-spired church in the world and was the tallest structure of any kind from 1880 to 1890. For the point, identify this German city on the Rhine that generically names perfumes marketed towards men. | Cologne (or Köln; accept Cologne Cathedral) |
| With Arnold Ruge [[ROO-guh]], this man founded a journal called The German-French Annals. This man criticized his fellow Young Hegelian Bruno Bauer in “On the Jewish Question.” In Theses on Feuerbach, this man stated that “philosophers have only interpreted the world, the point is to change it." Outlining historical materialism in Das Kapital, for the point, who was this German philosopher who partnered with Fredrich Engels to write The Communist Manifesto? | Karl Marx (or Karl Heinrich Marx) |
| A publicity stunt performed by this man saw him dangle from a zip wire in celebration of his country's first Olympic gold medal in 2012. This man once said, "My policy on cake is pro having it and pro eating it," referring to Brexit. Dominic Raab was deputized to one position after this politician caught COVID-19, and this man announced his resignation from that position in July 2022. Succeeding Theresa May, for the point, which Conservative served as prime minister of the United Kingdom from 2019 to 2022? | Boris Johnson (or Alexander Boris de Pfeffel Johnson) |
| A set of 19th century rules for this activity were named for the University of Cambridge. 97 people were killed during a 1989 crowd surge disaster at a venue for this activity called Hillsborough. The OAS resolved tensions after a 1969 qualifier in this sport sparked a conflict between El Salvador and Honduras. For the point, name this sport played by clubs such as Juventus [[hoo-VEN-tooss]] and Manchester United. | Soccer (accept Futbol; accept Association Football; accept Football War or Soccer War) |
| One museum in this city contains the Pergamon Altar. That museum lies on this city's Museum Island, along with the Humboldt Forum and the Old and New Museums. One square in this city is named after anti-Napoleonic forces at the 1814 Battle of Paris and lies at the end of the Unter den Linden. For the point, name this national capital whose Tiergarten is located in the Mitte [[MEE-tuh]] district near the Reichstag and Brandenburg Gate. | Berlin |
| After becoming an adopted member of the Cherokee nation, this man was given the name Black Raven. After being accused of fraud by William Stanberry, this man beat him with a cane.This man ended the Runaway Scrape with his victory at the Battle of San Jacinto [[jah- SIN-toh]] and became the inaugural holder of his highest position by defeating Stephen Austin. For the point, name this two-time president of the Republic of Texas, the namesake of Texas’s largest city. | Sam (uel) Houston |
| This man cleaned up Mulberry Street as president of the board of New York City Police Commissioners. This U.S. president showcased American naval might by sending the Great White Fleet on a global voyage. This man’s domestic program included a focus on corporate control and consumer protection as part of the Square Deal. For the point, name this president and successor of William McKinley who joined the Rough Riders during the Spanish American War. | Theodore Roosevelt (prompt on "Roosevelt") |
| An organization founded by Duncan Kenner in this U.S. state withheld wage payments in the sugar cane industry, prompting a strike led by the Knights of Labor. Members of the "Peace and Order Committee" formed paramilitaries in this state that carried out racial violence in Thibodaux [[TEE-boh-doh]]. Militia members occupying a courthouse were attacked in the Colfax Massacre in this state's Grant Parish. For the point, name this U.S. state where Benjamin Butler occupied New Orleans. | Louisiana |
| One mythical being in the form of this animal places a curse on Ravana that the king would lose his realm to a fire-bearing monkey. The Ionian Sea is named for a mythical figure who was transformed into this type of animal and then continuously pestered by a gadfly sent by Hera. Shiva's mount, Nandi, is one of these animals, the form of which Zeus took in order to abduct Europa. The minotaur had the body of a man and the head of, for the point, what type of creature? | Bull (accept Cow; accept Cattle; accept Bovine; accept Ox) |
| During one presidential debate, this man appeared to impatiently check his wrist watch. During a campaign, this man criticized Michael Dukakis as “soft on crime," making use of the controversial Willie Horton ad. This president's administration introduced PAYGO as part of a budget act that seemingly defied his admonition for voters to “read my lips: no new taxes.” For the point, name this 41st president of the United States who was defeated by Bill Clinton in 1992. | George H.W. Bush (or George Herbert Walker Bush; prompt on "Bush" or "George Bush"; do not accept or prompt on "George W. Bush") |
| One stylistic effect using this medium is millefiore [[mil-FYOH-reh]], or “1000 flowers,” a term first used by Apsley Pellatt in 1849. Dale Chihuly works in this medium, for which Louis Comfort Tiffany pioneered a form he termed "favrile." This material is featured in a steel-supported structure designed by I.M. Pei at the entrance of the Louvre. For the point, identify this material that is used in colorful religious imagery in its “stained” form. | Glass (accept Favrile Glass; accept Stained Glass) |
| The first military action using one of these devices was conducted by Ezra Lee in a failed attack on the Eagle. One of these devices, designed for the Confederacy by James McClintock, sank the Housatonic and was named after H. L. Hunley. The Alligator was the first of these craft to be commissioned by the U.S. Navy. Invented by David Bushnell, the Turtle was, for the point, the first instance of what type of craft that can travel underwater? | Submarines (or Submersibles) |
| Some people in a region of this country described a condition resulting from cadmium poisoning as itai-itai, or "it hurts-it hurts." Studies conducted in 2000 and 2008 after natural disasters found that a nuclear plant in this country needed better protection from tsunamis. Following a 2011 earthquake, a nuclear power plant in this country was damaged in Fukushima. For the point, name this country, earlier affected by the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. | Japan (or Nippon-koku; or Nihon-koku) |
| A pastor in this city, Jeremiah Wright, inspired one politician’s “A More Perfect Union“ speech. This city’s Freedom Movement helped inspire the Fair Housing Act and was led in part by Jesse Jackson. During the 1968 Democratic National Convention in this city, police violence led to accusations of “gestapo tactics” against Mayor Richard Daley. For the point, name this city where Barack Obama first became involved in politics, the largest city in Illinois. | Chicago |