| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| This U.S. state's largest city was guarded by Fort Gorges, and its coastline includes the similarly obsolete Fort Baldwin and Fort Knox, who once resided in this state’s town of Thomaston. The Mitchell Map favored the American side of a border dispute for this U.S. state, whose northern border is now formed by the Saint John River, and this state's town of Kittery hosted the talks for the Treaty of Portsmouth. Formerly part of Massachusetts, this is, for the point, what easternmost U.S. state in New England? | Maine |
| This town is situated across the Bay of Islands from Okiato, or Old Russel, the first capital of its country. In 2018, Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern was escorted by activist Titewhai Harawira by holding hands during celebrations in this town, known for its "Treaty House." That house in this town was owned by James Busby, known as the "originator of law in Aotearoa," and this town's namesake holiday involves celebrations with waka canoes. For the point, name this town on North Island where New Zealand's founding treaty was signed. | Waitangi (accept Waitangi Day; accept Treaty of Waitangi) |
| This city includes a square called the Stadthuys, which is home to the oldest remaining Dutch structure in East Asia. This city was the seat of a sultanate that extended from the port of Pattani to the Riau Islands. That sultanate based in this city helped spread the Jawi script and eventually disintegrated into the Perak and Johor sultanates. For the point, name this city on the Malay Peninsula, which shares its name with a major strait that separates it from Sumatra. | Malacca (accept Strait of Malacca) |
| This empire secretly got its gold from the Bambuk territory. This empire was founded by the Soninke [[soh-NIN- keh]] people, an ethnic group that referred to it as "Wagadou" and spoke a Mande [[MAN-deh]] language. This empire was split between modern-day Mauritania and Mali, and its name was used by Kwame Nkrumah to rename his country. For the point, name this empire that existed in West Africa and inspired the name of a country formerly known as the Gold Coast. | Ghana Empire (accept Wagadou until mentioned) |
| Ararat, City of Refuge, was a failed Jewish homeland on this river’s Grand Island. This river’s name likely comes from a term for members of the Neutral Nation that inhabited the area around it. This river flows past Navy Island, where the steamship Caroline was operating before it was set adrift on the most powerful waterfalls in North America. This river, which includes a power plant named for Robert Moses, contains the western terminus of the Erie Canal. For the point, name this short river separating New York from Canada. | Niagara River |
| Those accessing this region via the Chilkoot or White Passes were required to bring a year’s supply of food. This region contains the southern portion of the Dempster Highway, and that highway connects to this region’s namesake highway that has its southern terminus at the city of Skagway. This region’s boom town of Dawson City declined due to the growth of mining in Nome. For the point, name this region in northern Yukon, the site of history’s largest gold rush. | Klondike (accept Klondike Gold Rush; prompt on "Yukon" or "Canada") |
| This kingdom's Asiatic section was centered on the city of Najran, and this kingdom emerged from the Dʿmt kingdom. This kingdom reached its apex under the rule of Saint Elesbaan, who invaded the Himyarite Kingdom to stop the persecution of Christians. The Siege of Sanaa marked a loss for this kingdom against the Sasanians, and this kingdom's capital is situated in the modern-day Tigray Region. For the point, name this kingdom, which existed in modern-day Eritrea and northern Ethiopia for most of the first millennium. | Kingdom of Aksum (or Axum; accept Aksumite Empire) |
| Charles the Fifth was born in this region, whose busiest port imported metals from Spanish colonies that were exchanged with the Fugger banking empire. That port in this region was sacked in the Spanish Fury as part of the Eighty Years' War. This region, which attempted to gain independence from France in the Battle of the Golden Spurs, dominated the wool trade of the Middle Ages. Bruges [[BROOZH]], Ghent, and Antwerp are cities in, for the point, what Dutch-speaking region of northern Belgium? | Flanders |
| This ethnic group used dialects such as Ciboney, Lucayan, and Yamaye, parts of the Arawakan language. This ethnic group was led by chieftains called caciques [[kah-SEE-kehs]] and it was defended by Bartolomé de las Casas in the History of the Indies. This ethnic group, whose population was eliminated by forced labor to search for gold, inhabited San Salvador Island. For the point, name these native inhabitants of the Greater Antilles who were encountered by Christopher Columbus on Hispaniola. | Taíno |
| This country was the site of a mine co-owned by the Musk family in its far north, and a lead mine made this country’s city of Kabwe the most polluted in Africa. This country was formerly grouped in a colony with neighboring Nyasaland, and this country’s southwest borders Namibia through the Caprivi Strip, which is situated in a city named for David Livingstone. Formerly known as Northern Rhodesia, this is, for the point, what country, whose name is similar to a major river that is home to Victoria Falls? | Republic of Zambia (prompt on "Northern Rhodesia" before mentioned) |
| The world’s first research park was established as a joint venture between this city and a neighboring university due to the efforts of Frederick Terman. This city was the site of the first Whole Foods Market on the U.S. West Coast, and this city, which is situated between Menlo Park and Mountain View, formerly housed the headquarters of Tesla before it was moved to Austin. For the point, name this town that adjoins Stanford University in the Silicon Valley. | Palo Alto, California |
| A salient called the Parrot's Beak marked the southern end of this route, where it merged with the Sihanouk Trail. This route travelled through the southern part of the Annamite Mountains, which was the inspiration for its native name of Đường Trường Sơn. This route was heavily targeted by Operation Barrel Roll, which turned Laos into the most "bombed country in history." For the point, name this route that was used by the Viet Cong and named for a communist leader. | Ho Chi Minh Trail (accept Annamite Range Trail or Đường Trường Sơn before mentioned) |
| Along the Pechora River, which traces this mountain range's eastern edge, lies Ust-Shchugor, a town that recorded Europe's coldest temperature. This mountain range's polar section was crossed by the Salekhard–Igarka Railway, which is also known as the Dead Road for its use of prison labor. These mountains were the site of armament factories that were established in Chelyabinsk, known as Tankograd. For the point, name these mountains that separate Siberia from Europe. | Ural Mountains |
| This family was first based in the town of Diriyah, and this family’s influence later expanded to include the entirety of the Nejd region. This family has historically been in dispute with the Al Rashid family of Ha'il. This family's head bears the title "Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques," and this family is known for its promotion of Wahhabism. For the point, name this family that rules over a country dominating the Arabian Peninsula. | House of Saud (or Āl Suʿūd) |
| In this city, President Obama was presented with $50,000 worth of "Crocodile Insurance" in 2011. This city was devastated by Cyclone Tracy in 1974, prompting Gough Whitlam to cancel his trip to Sicily, and that disaster in this city also caused the Hoodoo Gurus to release a song called "Tojo," comparing its impact to bombing campaigns. This city was targeted by the largest foreign attack on Australia by the Japanese in 1942. For the point, identify this Australian city that was named in honor of a British naturalist. | Darwin (or Garramilla) |
| In 698 C.E., this city was destroyed by an Umayyad force based in Kairouan to prevent it from being used by the Byzantine Empire. This city was mythically founded by Dido, and a rebuilt version of this city served as the capital of the Vandalic Kingdom and the Roman province of Africa. This city was originally destroyed during the end of the Third Punic War. For the point, name this ancient African city that opposed early Roman expansion. | Carthage |
| This country's city of Denizli serves as a hub of cotton production, and that city in this country is a gateway to sites such as Laodicea on the Lycus and Hierapolis, cities of the Phrygians. A monument in this country's city of Iğdır claims the roles of a genocide which occurred on its soil were reversed, and that monument in this country was opened in a ceremony attended by Süleyman Demirel. This country contains the alleged landing site of Noah's Ark at Mount Ararat. For the point, name this modern-day country that was once home to Ephesus and Byzantium. | Republic of Turkey (or Turkiye Cumhuriyeti) |
| This route is honored by a twenty-meter-high gas pump, the world's tallest, in Sapulpa. A section of this route near the town of Tijeras in New Mexico was renovated to play "America the Beautiful" by driving through a musical road. The so-called "birthplace" of this route in Springfield contains the world's oldest drive-thru, and this route was officially named for Will Rogers. Ending at the Santa Monica Pier, this is, for the point, what historic route that traversed the western U.S.? | U.S. Route 66 (accept Will Rogers Memorial Highway until mentioned) |
| This country's communist government fell largely due to protests in Sükhbaatar Square in 1990. This country's Khangai Mountains housed the capital of the Xiongnu confederation. The Battle of Khalkhin Gol in this modern-day country stopped Japanese expansion with the support of the Soviet Union. This country’s city of Karakorum served as the capital of history's largest land empire. For the point, name this landlocked country in East Asia, the home of Genghis Khan. | Mongolia (accept Mongol Uls; accept Outer Mongolia) |
| This country contains the largest populations of Meglenites and Aromanians, who are both descended from Vlachs. This country's Maniot people are famed for their tower-houses, and those people helped to start a revolution in this country that broke out when Russian commander Alexei Orlov arrived in 1770. This country's Romaniote Jews are one of the oldest Jewish groups in Europe, and many Iberian Sephardi Jews fled to this country’s city of Thessaloniki under Ottoman rule. For the point, name this country home to Crete. | Greece (or Hellenic Republic; or Elliniki Dimokratia; accept Ellas or Ellada) |
| Based on evidence collected at Sedanka Island, this archipelago is the presumed source of an 1585 earthquake that led to a tsunami in northern Honshu. This archipelago also includes the Andreanof Islands, which were the source of a 1957 earthquake. This archipelago’s far west includes the Commander Islands, the rare site of a supershear earthquake in 2017. For the point, name this archipelago where the Japanese fought on Attu Island, the westernmost part of the United States. | Aleutian Islands (or Unangam Tanaa; accept Aleutic Islands; accept Catherine Archipelago) |
| A "cowboy" version of this sport played mostly in Montana uses seven-minute periods called chukkas. A club dedicated to this sport in the town of Indio hosted music festivals such as Desert Trip, Stagecoach, and Coachella. A version of this sport called sarlagan is played using yaks, and this sport became popular in Argentina due to the vast landscapes of the Pampas. For the point, name this game where wooden mallets are used to hit balls on horseback. | Polo (accept Cowboy Polo) |
| This country's Pomak ethnic group is part of its Islamic minority, which largely lives in the Rhodope Mountain Range. This country, where the Cyrillic Script was developed, was created in part as one consequence of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877 to 1878. This country was the southernmost member of the Warsaw Pact, primarily during the rule of Todor Zhivkov. For the point, name this Balkan country that is governed from Sofia. | Republic of Bulgaria (or Republika Bulgaria) |
| This country's Sacred City of Caral-Supe contains the ruins of the oldest city in the Americas, and this country's independence was gained at a decisive battle in Ayacucho due to the efforts of Antonio de Sucre. A viceroyalty named for this country initially included all land west of the Tordesillas Line upon its creation. For the point, name this country that once housed Cuzco, the capital of the Inca Empire. | Republic of Peru (or Republica del Peru) |
| This city is divided into six districts called sistieri, the largest of which is Castello. This city, under Austrian rule, formed a joint kingdom with Lombardy and lost trade to the nearby port of Trieste. This city's Giardini della Biennale was created after Napoleon drained its marshlands and freed this city's Jewish community, which originated the word ‘ghetto.’ For the point, name this Italian city known for the masks of its Carnival and its gondolas. | Venice (or Venezia; or Venesia) |
| This state's rural town of St. Marys is known for its historic Straub Brewery, the smallest pre- Prohibition brewery in continuous operation. This state's historic Fallingwater estate is considered the greatest work of Frank Lloyd Wright and is built atop a stream which eventually flows into the Monongahela River. The town of Shanksville in this state was where the only failed hijacking attempt on 9/11 crashed. This state's town of Punxsutawney serves as a hub of Groundhog Day festivities. For the point, name this state home to Pittsburgh. | Pennsylvania |