| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Yasin al-Hashimi was among the prime ministers of this country where the National Brotherhood Party was founded. While leading this country, Rashid Ali headed a 1941 attempt to end British influence, and this country opposed the construction of colonial military facilities in Basra. For ten points, name this country where a nationalist coup occurred in Baghdad. | Republic of Iraq (or Jumhūriīyet al-ʿIrāq; or Komarî Êraq) |
| The Test Act required participation in this church to hold public office. This church was formed by the Act of Supremacy following a dispute over the divorce of Catherine of Aragon. For ten points, name this church that authorized the King James Bible and was created as a break from Catholicism by Henry the Eighth. | Church of England (or Anglican Church; or Anglican Communion; anti-prompt on “Episcopal” or “Episcopalian”) |
| This city is overlooked by a mountain that uses Maclear's Beacon to calculate the precise size and shape of the Earth. This city, which is bounded to the east by the Hottentots Holland Mountains, is the site of the oldest continually operating university in Sub-Saharan Africa. For ten points, name this southernmost major city of the Old World, which was founded by the Dutch East India Company as South Africa's oldest city. | Cape Town (or Kaapstad; or iKapa) |
| This man had to defend his mother, Katharina, after she was imprisoned under suspicions of witchcraft. This man authored a star catalogue titled the Rudolphine Tables. This scientist monitored the motion of Mars in his book Astronomia nova. For ten points, name this German astronomer who formulated the three laws of planetary motion. | Johannes Kepler (accept Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion) |
| This activist chronicled her life promoting women’s rights in Eighty Years & More. In The Woman’s Bible, this activist launched an attack on the misogyny of organized religion, which resulted in a censure from the NAWSA, an organization for which she had been the first president. For ten points, name this activist and primary author of the Declaration of Rights and Sentiments. | Elizabeth Cady Stanton (or Elizabeth Cady) |
| The title "universal ruler," or Chakravarti, was used by a ruler of this empire who died in modern- day Siem Reap. Jayavarman the Second ruled this empire, which contained the Bayon temple. The largest religious structure on Earth was dedicated to Vishnu by a leader of this empire during the 1100s. For ten points, identify this Southeast Asian empire that built Angkor Wat. | Khmer Empire (accept Angkorian Empire before "Angkor" is mentioned) |
| In one story, this ruler explored the bottom of the ocean using a glass submarine and was carried by griffins to see the top of the world. A set of adamantine gates made by this ruler were designed to prevent Gog and Magog from passing through the Caucuses. This ruler’s birth was foretold in a dream, in which his father sealed his mother’s womb with a wax seal depicting a lion. For ten points, name this conquering king, the son of Philip the Second of Macedon. | Alexander the Great (or Alexander the Third of Macedon) |
| The heir apparent to this country's monarchy holds the title Count of Monpezat. In 2022, this country's monarch stripped four of their grandchildren of their royal titles to "future-proof" the monarchy. Following the death of Elizabeth the Second, this country's head of state became the only reigning female monarch in the world. For ten points, name this Nordic country over which Margrethe the Second of the House of Glücksburg has ruled since 1972 from Amalienborg Palace in Copenhagen. | Kingdom of Denmark (or Kongeriget Danmark) |
| Different factions of these people were called "right bank" and "left bank," according to borders set by the Truce of Andrusovo. A subset of these people named for the Zaporozhian region inhabited what Polish–Lithuanian documents referred to as the "Wild Fields," and these people were organized into "hosts" such as Azov and Don. For ten points, name this Slavic ethnic group in the steppes of southern Russia who are known for their autonomy, horsemanship, and military service. | Cossacks |
| The "right bank" and left bank" of this river divided Cossacks into two major sections. The Kakhovka Dam on this river was destroyed in 2023, threatening Crimea's water supply. | Dnieper River (or Dnipro; accept pronunciations with or without the "D" sound) |
| As a teenager, this man was exiled to Yanchuan County following the purge of his father during the Cultural Revolution. This man, who introduced the Confidence Doctrine and the Four Comprehensives, presided over the 709 crackdowns in 2015. This leader who replaced Hu Jintao aimed to create a new "Silk Road" under the Belt and Road Initiative. For ten points, name this current president of China. | Xi Jinping (accept Xi Dada; prompt on "Jinping") |
| On November 11, 2021, the Chinese Communist Party gave Xi the same status as Deng Xiaoping and this founding father of China, who initiated the Cultural Revolution. | Mao Zedong (or Chairman Mao; accept Mao Tse-tung; prompt on "Zedong" or "Tse-tung") |
| Kaladian Coulibaly established an empire in this country named for the Bambara people. An unrecognized state in this country was established as Azawad by Tuareg rebels. Leo Africanus provided an account of a city in this country that has housed over one million manuscripts in the library of Sankore University. Sundiata ruled an empire in this country, as did a man who led a lavish hajj to Mecca. For ten points, name this country once ruled by kings in Timbuktu. | Republic of Mali (or Malian Empire) |
| This Malian city that has close ties to Timbuktu is the oldest known city in sub-Saharan Africa. Many of its buildings were constructed using adobe, such as its Great Mosque. | Djenné |
| A message that appears in one work by this man includes, “You know more than you think you do.” After his switch to an all-plant diet in 1991 aided in his ability to walk again, this man urged a certain demographic to become vegans in order to reduce risks of heart disease and veganism. This man cautioned against picking up certain individuals when they cry and provided guidelines for toilet training. For ten points, name this pediatrician who wrote the best-selling Common Sense Book of Baby and Child Care. | Benjamin Spock (or Benjamin McLane Spock) |
| Spock ran for president in 1972 on the ticket of this short-lived left-wing party that unified several state-level parties including the Peace and Freedom Party and the Liberty Union. | People's Party |
| This man built a mobile classroom to provide education to farmers and named it after philanthropist Morris Ketchum Jesup. This man was offered benefits such as extra rooms and increased salary to teach at the Tuskegee Institute. This man encouraged crop rotation with products such as sweet potatoes in order to prevent nitrogen from being depleted on cotton farms. For ten points, name this American agricultural scientist who popularized 105 uses for peanuts. | George Washington Carver |
| The Tuskegee Institute was the site of unethical medical experiments in which Black men were unknowingly injected with this disease, which may have been the only disease to spread from the Americas to Europe. | Syphilis |
| This work appropriates Great Yu from Mohism by praising not only his self-sacrifice and thrift but also devotion to li [[LEE]]. This work says when ritual and righteousness of yi combine with kindness of ren, a ruler is a North Star around which all revolves. When the subject of this work is asked why he has no high position, he quotes the Classic of History’s assertion that simply being a good man also improves the world. For ten points, name this collection of Master Kong’s teachings. | Analects of Confucius (or Sayings of Confucius, or Lun Yu) |
| Confucius dreamed of the return of this ancient ruler, who brought prosperity after the fall of the Shang by always putting first the needs of the people. | Duke of Zhou (or Zhou Gong Dan, or Ji Dan, or Zhou Wengong) |
| This city’s most-spoken language, Krio, is an English-based creole brought to the region by Nova Scotian settlers. This city was founded by 400 former enslaved persons in 1792 and is located northwest of the Lion Mountains. This city’s Peace Monument was erected to mark the end of its country’s eleven-year civil war, which lasted from 1991 to 2002. For ten points, name this former capital of British West Africa, the current capital of Sierra Leone. | Freetown |
| During the civil war, Freetown was captured by troops representing this fifteen-country union that was established by the 1975 Treaty of Lagos. | ECOWAS (or Economic Community of West African States) |
| One man who held this position from 1959 to 1969 quipped, “I have heard your views. They do not harmonize with mine.” Alain Poher held this office twice in non-consecutive terms for less than three months. The first person to hold this position also declared himself emperor, and this title was refused by the Marquis de Lafayette. For ten points, identify this office that was assumed in 2017 by Emmanuel Macron. | President of France (or French President; or President of the French Republic; or Président de la République française; prompt on partial answers) |
| As the French leader, Emmanuel Macron also serves as co-prince of this microstate in the Pyrenees between France and Spain, according to an arrangement first established by Henry the Third of Navarre in 1607. | Principality of Andorra (or Principat d'Andorra) |
| Winner of the election who was assassinated in 1963. | John F (itzgerald) Kennedy (or JFK) |
| Republican nominee who was later the center of the Watergate conspiracy. | Richard M (ilhous) Nixon |
| 49th and 50th U.S. states who cast their first electoral votes that year. | Alaska and Hawaii (accept in either order) |
| Senate majority leader and Democratic nominee for vice president. | Lyndon B (aines) Johnson (or LBJ; prompt on "Johnson") |
| South Carolina senator and Dixiecrat candidate in 1948 who received Southern electoral votes for vice president. | Strom Thurmond (or James Strom Thurmond Sr.) |
| Future vice president with whom liberal Republicans aligned and who led alterations to the party platform. | Nelson Rockefeller (or Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller; accept Rockefeller Republicans; prompt on "Rocky") |
| Present-day country of which it is the capital. | Republic of Austria (or Republik Oesterreich; accept Austrian Empire; accept Empire of Austria) |
| Major river on which it lies and on which settlement began as early as 500 BCE. | Danube River (or Donau) |
| Indo-European peoples who first settled the region, often associated with the British Gaels. | Celts (or Celtic Peoples) |
| First Christian martyr, for whom the seat of the archbishop of Vienna is named. | Stephen (accept St. Stephen's Cathedral; accept Stephansdom) |
| Primary summer Hapsburg palace, whose name means "beautiful spring." | Schönbrunn Palace (or Schloss Schönbrunn) |
| Movement related to art nouveau, whose members included Gustav Klimt. | Vienna Secession (or Wiener Secession; or Union of Austrian Artists) |
| Constituent country of the UK in which William Kidd was born in Dundee on the Firth of Tay. | Scotland |
| Welshman who sacked Panama City, served as lieutenant governor of Jamaica, and names a brand of rum. | Henry Morgan (accept Captain Morgan) |
| Pirate who often ignited braids of his facial hair and sailed the Queen Anne's Revenge. | Blackbeard (or Edward Teach; or Edward Thatch) |
| French privateer known for his aid to Andrew Jackson at the Battle of New Orleans. | Jean Lafitte |
| Cheap, heavy textile from which John Rackham took his nickname. | Calico (accept Calico Jack) |
| Man considered the most successful pirate, capturing over 400 ships and creating a widely adopted pirate code. | Bartholomew Roberts (or John Roberts; or Black Bart) |
| In 2010, this man's diary entries were allegedly published in The Critical Moment. This hydroelectric engineer was accused of siring the "new class of monopoly state capitalists" despite his opposition to (+) market reforms. This prime minister, who supported the building of the Three Gorges Dam, was condemned by Wu'erkaixi [[WOO-er-KAI-shee]] on national television. (*) For ten points, name this Chinese premier who ordered the crackdown on the Tiananmen Square protests. | Li Peng |
| This dance derives from the habanera, the milonga, and the candombe. At the turn of the 20th century, this dance began to spread internationally but was viewed as too sexual and inappropriate for public display. The popularity of this dance declined in the late 1950s (+) due to economic depression, but it was revitalized in the late 1980s thanks to dancer Osvaldo Peredo. Often associated with Uruguay (*) and Argentina, for ten points, what is this ballroom partner dance? | Tango |
| F.C.J. Spurrell claimed that constructs along this geographical feature were never "treated of before as a whole." Frederick Trench proposed one project along this geographical feature, which resulted in a portion of that project being called "Trench's Terrace." (+) Embankments of this feature include one made by Robert Mylne in 1767, starting at Paul's Wharf, and another called the Forty- Foot Way that was proposed by Christopher (*) Wren. For ten points, name this English river that runs through London. | River Thames [[TEMS]] (accept Thames Estuary; accept Thames River; accept phonetic pronunciations) |
| Despite having trailed in the polls, this man defeated Burk Bridges in a race to become his state’s railroad commissioner. This man was described by William Howard Taft as “the most brilliant lawyer to [argue before] the Supreme Court.” The memoir (+) My First Days in the White House was written by this man, who inspired a number of proposals in the Second New Deal. Heading the “Share Our Wealth” campaign, (*) for ten points, who was this Louisiana politician? | Huey Long (or Huey Pierce Long Jr.) |
| Qian Cai [[CHEE-AHN TSAI]] wrote that this deity transfigured into General Yue Fei upon death after having been expelled from paradise. Rama the Sixth adopted this vahana as the national symbol of Thailand, and this deity is often depicted with the (+) Naga snakes in its talons. This mythic figure steals Indra's vessel of nectar and flies away. (*) For ten points, name this mount of Vishnu, a legendary bird from Buddhist and Hindu mythology. | Garuda (or Garula; or Tarkshya; or Vainateya) |
| In a set of notes labeled A to G, this person wrote out an algorithm for calculating Bernoulli numbers. One of this person’s collaborators referred to her as “The Enchantress (+) of Numbers.” This woman was inspired by cards used on weaving looms to develop the world’s first computer (*) program. Creating the program to operate the Babbage machine, for ten points, who was this English mathematician and early computer scientist? | Ada Lovelace (or Augusta Ada King; or Augusta Ada Byron; or Countess of Lovelace) |
| This man lost American financial backing after his army disassembled tear gas grenades to pour the contents on praying monks. This man banned flying Buddhist flags on Vesak, (+) sparking protests that ended with a massacre of civilians. During the Buddhist Crisis of this man’s presidency, the monk Thich Quang Duc publicly committed suicide by (*) setting himself on fire. For ten points, name this first president of South Vietnam. | Ngo Dinh Diem (accept Nho Dinh Diem; prompt on "Ngo") |
| This organization was granted the right of conquest by the Golden Bull of Rimini under the leadership of Herman of Salza. A popular legend claims that members of this organization drowned (+) en masse due to their armor during the Battle on the Ice. After absorbing the Livonian Brothers of the Sword, this organization became the dominant force in the Baltic Crusades. Given a name based on their (*) Germanic origins, for ten points, what was this Catholic order of crusader knights? | Teutonic Order (or Teutonic Knights; accept Order of Brothers of the German House of Saint Mary in Jerusalem; accept Deutscher Orden or German Order) |
| This empire's titular nation was often considered "Triune," divided into Great, Little, and White branches. This empire was governed in religious affairs by the Most Holy Synod, (+) which was neither Catholic nor Protestant. Old Believers in this empire were persecuted and Jewish subjects were attacked within this empire’s Pale of Settlement in events sometimes provoked by the (*) Okhrana secret police. For ten points, name this empire in which a Lutheran minority existed along the Volga. | Russian Empire (or Imperial Russia) |
| Ancient sites such as Harappa and Mohenjo-daro can be found in this country, which suffered the assassination of Benazir Bhutto in 2007. | Islamic Republic of Pakistan (or Jamhuryat Islami Pakistan) |