| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| One religious group compared this holiday’s practice of munera to human sacrifice. A master of ceremonies chosen during this celebration inspired later holidays' concept of the Lord of Misrule. Slaves (+) took part in carnivals during this holiday, which may have inspired some aspects of Christmas. (*) For the points, name this Roman festival that was dedicated to the father of Jupiter. | Saturnalia |
| This speech calls for certain reputations to “not be imperiled in the mouth of a single individual.” This speech's orator claims that "as a city we are the school of (+) Hellas." This speech is recounted in the second book of the best-known work by Thucydides. Delivered in the fifth century BCE after the first year of the (*) Peloponnesian War, for the points, what was this speech by an Athenian statesman? | Pericles's Funeral Oration (prompt on partial answer) |
| One source claimed the man who had "done the most to sustain the wavering battleline" at this engagement was Dodo zu Innhausen und Knyphausen. Gottfried Heinrich Graf zu Pappenheim was embalmed after this engagement, (+) which took place in 1632. Among the casualties for one side during this battle was a monarch of the House of Vasa known as the “Lion of the (*) North.” For the points, name this Thirty Years' War battle at which Gustavus Adolphus was killed. | Battle of Lützen |
| The CHP's Vedat Dalokay was once elected mayor of this city, whose namesake castle was rebuilt in the third century B.C.E. by the Galatians. The Hittite Sun Disc Monument was created by Nusret Suman for this city's Sıhhiye Square, (+) which was once named for the Conference of Lausanne. Initially the capital of Anatolia (*) Eyalet under the Ottomans, for the points, what is this current capital city of Turkey? | Ankara (accept Ancyra; accept Angora) |
| This man claimed he "forsook [his] home as birds forsake their nests" during one undertaking that occurred years before he went to Kilwa. Roughly 117,000 kilometers were covered by the efforts of this author of the (+) Rihla, which was roughly five times that of Marco Polo. Born in the Marinid city of Tangier, this man hailed from the (*) Maghreb. For the points, name this North African traveler who wrote extensively of his experiences. | Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Battutah (accept ʾAbū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh al- Lawātiyy aṭ-Ṭanjiyy ibn Baṭṭūṭah) |
| This group rejected certain reforms under the leadership of Avvakum Petrov, and many of its communities were rediscovered during the colonization of Siberia. This group refused to conduct a procession counterclockwise and do the (+) sign of the cross with three fingers. Rejecting the reforms of Patriarch Nikon, (*) for the points, who were these Russian Orthodox practitioners who refused to conduct rituals in the style of the Greeks? | Old Believers (or Old Ritualists; or Starovery; or Staroobryadtsy) |
| During this event, a set of 400 locations were placed on a "black board." The Law of the Spikelets was criticized by one group during this period in which "Decline in draught power" and "Quality of cultivation" (+) were cited as causes. One estimate claims that five million people died in this 1932-1933 event that affected such cities as (*) Kharkiv and Odessa. Sometimes known by a name meaning "to kill by starvation," for the points, what was this Ukrainian famine? | Holodomor (accept moryty holodom; accept Terror-Famine; prompt on "Great Famine") |
| This man was claimed to have been the child of Lady Yishou and a Censor-in-Chief. While disguised as a farmer, this man was allegedly recognized by a man who would become his student, Yinxi. (+) A fourth century B.C.E. work by this man who influenced Confucian scholars and notably advocated a form of "effortless action" known as (*) wu wei. For the points, name this Chinese philosopher who founded Taoism. | Laozi (accept Lao Tzu; accept Lao-Tze; accept Li Er; accept Boyang) |
| A unit of measurement named for this man is equivalent to one-twelfth of a carbon-twelve atom. Color blindness is sometimes named for this man after he reported the hereditary nature of the condition was to the (+) Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society. The law of multiple proportions is named in honor of this man, and that law was conceived by this man in part based on the work of Antoine Lavoisier. (*) For the points, name this English scientist known for pioneering atomic theory. | John Dalton (accept Daltonism) |
| Alonso de Ojeda was the leader of a voyage that included the service of this man before he was hired by the Kingdom of Portugal as a pilot on a 1501 expedition to Brazil. A cosmographer once wrote (+) "I see no reason why anyone could properly disapprove of a name derived from" that of this man for a location that he (*) explored. For the points, name this Italian who lends his name to the continents that contain Argentina and the United States. | Amerigo Vespucci |
| This battle included a failed cavalry charge by Charles the Second the Magnanimous that ended with his forces being trampled under their mounts. The Count of Flanders and Count of Alençon (+) were among the casualties in this engagement, which was a defeat for the forces of Philip the Sixth. Involving French crossbowmen being overpowered by the British (*) longbow, this battle was fought in 1346. For the points, name this Hundred Years' War victory for Edward the Third. | Battle of Crécy |
| The 118th ballad from the Percy Folio focuses on this man who survived an assassination attempt by Guy of Gisborne. One personification of the Virgin Mary may have influenced depictions of this man's lover, who was referred to as a (+) maid. This man who was associated with the yeoman class was usually depicted with companions such as Little (*) John, one of his Merry Men. Operating in Sherwood Forest, for the points, who was this legendary English outlaw who notably gave to the poor. | Robin Hood |
| This man’s court was thought to have completed a book of gospels known as the Cleves Evangeliary. Ermengarde of Tours was the wife of this man, whose full brothers included Pepin the First of Aquitaine and Louis the German. This man took part in efforts to protest his half-brother (+) Charles the Bald's claims to the Frankish throne. Reigning from 817 to 855 over the (*) Carolingian Empire, though effectively only controlling Middle Francia, for the points, who was this eldest son of Louis the Pious? | Lothair the First (accept Lotharius; accept Lothaire; accept Lothar the First) |
| Philippa of Hainault, the wife of a figure depicted in this work, allegedly asked her husband not to carry out a certain course of action in regard to the depicted group. Pierre de Wissant and Eustache de Saint Pierre are among the central figures depicted in this work, whose figures wear (+) nooses, as instructed by Edward the Third. Depicting an alleged incident in the Hundred Years' War, (*) for the points, what is this Auguste Rodin sculpture featuring six men who volunteer to be executed to lift a siege? | The Burghers of Calais |
| Clement Attlee opposed U.K. membership in this body on the grounds that it was "utterly undemocratic and... responsible to nobody." The Treaty of Brussels merged the executive institutions of this organization, as well as Euratom and the (+) EEC. Evolving from a proposal in the Schuman Declaration, this organization's founding was commemorated on (*) Europe Day. Achieving a single common market between its two namesake goods, for the points, what was this European organization, the predecessor of the EU? | European Coal and Steel Community (accept ECSC) |
| A name meaning "Holy Earth People" or Ni'hookaa Diyan Diné, is what these people thought their creators bestowed upon them. Changing Bear becomes the wife of (+) Coyote in the mythology of these people, whose traditions were recounted during the Long Walk. Displaced from their home in modern (*) Arizona, for the points, who are these Native American people with an extensive mythology? | Navajo Nation (accept Ni'hookaa Diyan Diné before mentioned; accept Naabeehó; accept Navaho) |
| Navosavakandua [[nah-voh-sah-vah-kan-DOO-ah]] led one conflict in this country, the first Tuka Rebellion. In 1990, the Group Against Racial Discrimination burned the constitution on Diwali as a form of protest in (+) this country, which was briefly known as the “Bligh Islands” (*) after a sea captain passed by it en route to Batavia. For the points, name this Melanesian island country that was settled by Polynesians around 3500 BC. | Fiji (or Viti; accept Republic of Fiji; or Matanitu Tugalala o Viti; or Fijī Gaṇarājya) |
| Khizr Khan was a ruler of this empire who founded the Sayyid dynasty, which ruled prior to a dynasty made up of members of a namesake Pashtun tribe. That later dynasty of this empire included Ibrahim Lodi (+) among its members. Ruling from the thirteenth through sixteenth centuries, this empire repelled the Mongol advance (*) into the subcontinent it ruled. For the points, name this sultanate based in the modern-day capital of India. | Delhi Sultanate |
| In a popular account, this man emerged from the cave Pacaritambo and set out to found a sun temple. This man ruled from the Colcapata Palace and was succeeded by his son, Sinchi Roca. This man founded the Realm of the Four Parts and (+) Cusco at a place where a staff sunk into the ground. This man legendarily survived a flood sent by the god (*) Viracocha, along with his wife Mama Ocllo. For the points, name this semi-legendary founder of the Incan Empire. | Manco Capac (or Manco Inca; or Ayar Manco) |
| This speech leveled criticism against a man who overthrew Ramon Grau. A set of "five revolutionary laws" were published in a manifesto inspired by this speech that was an inspiration for the (+) 26th of July Movement. This speech was delivered in court after its orator was charged with organizing an attack against the (*) Moncada Barracks. Delivered in 1956 by a Marxist–Leninist leader, for the points, what was this speech given by Fidel Castro? | History Will Absolve Me (or La historia me absolverá) |
| The treaty ending this conflict stipulated recognition of French control over Tortuga. Half of the roughly 38,000-man army of the Prince of Waldeck was lost at a battle of this war during an engagement at (+) Fleurus. The North American theater of this conflict was named for King William, and this war was also known as the War of the (*) Grand Alliance. The Peace of Ryswick ended, for the points, what conflict that lasted for just under a decade? | Nine Years’ War (accept War of the League of Augsburg; accept War of the Grand Alliance before mentioned; accept War of the Palatine Succession; prompt on "King William's War" before mentioned) |
| Held on the 25th of April, this day is a public holiday in such places as Niue and Tokelau. During a 1967 instance of this day, members of the Progressive Youth Movement placed a wreath at (+) Christchurch to protest involvement in Vietnam. Known as Rā o Ngā Hōia in Maori, this day (*) is named for an army corps that took part in the Gallipoli campaign. For the points, name this day of remembrance observed in Australia and New Zealand. | ANZAC Day (accept Rā o Ngā Hōia before mentioned) |
| When speaking of this man, Winston Churchill once said "I fear, whatever our need, we shall never see his like again." The commanders at the Battle of Aqaba were advised by this author of (+) Seven Pillars of Wisdom who supported the independence of the Kingdom of Hejaz against the (*) Ottoman Empire. For the points, identify this British officer known for his exploits in the Middle East. | Lawrence of Arabia (or Thomas Edward Lawrence) |
| In 1799, Napoleon suffered his third tactical defeat during an engagement in this city against the Ottomans. Henry the Second of Cyprus escaped from this city, which he attempted to defend against a force led by Al-Ashraf Khalil. The final city in the Levant (+) that was held by the crusaders was this fortress city, which was eventually captured in a 1291 siege. (*) For the points, name this city in modern Israel that was seized by the Mamluks. | Acre (or Akko; or Akka) |
| This general was sent to claim the land of his brother Stesagoras after the latter was killed with an axe. Under Callimachus, this man, one of the ten strategoi, advocated an immediate engagement with an enemy army. To distinguish him from his uncle, (+) this general was named "the Younger," and a quick movement of this man's forces to western Attica (*) prevented an inland march of Persian forces. For the points, name this Athenian commander at the Battle of Marathon. | Miltiades the Younger |
| This dynasty came to power by ending the dual system of government and eliminating the secular Druk Desi position in favor of a Buddhist king. The first ruler of this dynasty, Ugyen, rose to power after uniting regional leaders called Penlops. The head of this dynasty holds the title (+) Druk Gyalpo, or Dragon King, who reigns from the Samteling Palace in (*) Thimphu. For the points, name this current ruling dynasty of Bhutan. | Wangchuck |
| This monarch’s wife, Amalia, was the subject of an assassination attempt. Along with Maximilian the Second, this monarch was a son of Ludwig the Second of Bavaria. A set of debates between this monarch and one of his prime ministers gave rise to the term for the Megali Idea. This monarch faced the (+) 3 September Revolution of 1843 at Syntagma Square, as well as the Epirus Revolt of 1854. The British blockaded Piraeus (*) during the reign of this, for the points, what first king of Greece? | Otto Friedrich Ludwig von Bayern (accept King Otto of Greece; accept Otto Friedrich Ludwig von Bayern) |
| One of these people named for the Danish village of Grauballe was thought to have suffered from spondylosis deformans and can now be found in the Moesgaard Museum. Calcium phosphate deteriorates the bones of these individuals, whose examples include (+) Tollund Man. Often containing well-preserved skin, these individuals experience (*) natural mummification. For the points, name these individuals whose remains are found in namesake peat wetlands. | Bog Bodies (prompt on "Mummies" or "Cadavers" or "Human Remains" or similar answers) |
| A city that was once the capital of the Kingdom of Lan Xang lies along this river, and that UNESCO World Heritage Site on this river is Luang Prabang. A sergeant from Annan and a pair of Tagalog sailors took part in an exploratory effort along (+) this river, control over which was extended during the expansion of (*) French Indochina. Once a major source of water for the Khmer Empire, for the points, what is this major river of Southeast Asia? | Mekong River (accept Lancang River; accept Megaung Myit or Maenam Khong or Láncāng Jiāng or Sông Mê Kông or Tônlé Mékôngk) |
| A nation bordering this country to the south contains the city of Yeha, which was thought to have been the capital of the Kingdom of Dʿmt. Within this country's city of Zula lie the ruins of a city where the remains of a basilica were found in Adulis. A nearly (+) 30-year war of independence gripped this former Italian colony that was once part of the (*) Ethiopian Empire. For the points, name this country where Allies accepted a 1941 surrender in Asmara. | State of Eritrea (or Hagere Ertra; or Ertra) |
| One female politician from this family was known as the Iron Butterfly and has part of her large shoe collection displayed at the Marikina Shoe Museum. That member of (+) this family was ousted along with her husband in the People Power Revolution. (*) For the points, name this family of an east Asian country whose members include former first lady, Imelda, and presidents Bongbong and Ferdinand. | Marcos (accept Ferdinand Marcos; accept Imelda Marcos) |