| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| One member of this family is depicted above a plinth during a peace negotiation in a work attributed to Jacopo Ripanda. Another member of this family is depicted wearing knee armor with the heads of lions while riding an animal sporting head armor (+) with an open-mouthed dragon. A hall named for a prominent member of this family also displays the Triumph of (*) Rome Over Sicily. For the points, identify this family depicted in works such as Hannibal in Italy. | Barca (accept Hamilcar Barca; accept Hannibal Barca; accept Hasdrubal Barca; prompt on partial answers) |
| One work by this artist includes a rush of water spilling from a jug. That work by this artist was copied in a tapestry and includes a bird that captures the attention of one of its title subjects, who sits near a personification of the (+) Tiber and a nourishing wolf (*). For the points, name this prolific Dutch Golden Age painter of Romulus and Remus and Elevation of the Cross who is considered the most significant artist of the Flemish Baroque period. | Peter Paul Rubens |
| This animal was depicted in adornments for objects used to fasten cloaks called fibulae. This animal was seen in military standards used by the Roman Legion to symbolize imperial (+) majesty, and the form of this animal was sometimes taken by Zeus, who made it one of his attributes. An area of the Capitoline with objects from the time of Pope Paul the Third Farnese is named for a (*) statuette of, for the points, what type of bird featured in Roman aquila? | Eagles (accept Hall of the Eagles) |
| This artist is thought to have been the first to sculpt a life-sized female nude and the first to invent the S-curve. One work attributed to this artist depicts its title figure leaning against half of a (+) tree, and another work by this artist inspired the depiction of a goddess who covers her (*) nudity. For the points, name this most celebrated of the fourth-century Attica sculptors, whose works were copied in the Capitoline Faun and the Capitoline Venus. | Praxiteles |
| One main technique that was used in this artform was known as opus vermiculatum. Examples of this artform at the Capitoline Museums include multiple panels depicting a tiger sinking its teeth into a calf. Other examples of this artform (+) include a depiction of a large basin with four pigeons, as well as a work showing two strange and expressive (*) masks. For the points, name this artform that creates a larger image using many small, colored pebbles or tiles. | Mosaic (accept Mosaic of the Doves; accept Mosaic with Scenic Masks) |
| One work titled for this figure was found in the Forum Boarium and depicts this figure in gilded bronze. Alessandro Algardi restored a depiction of this figure wielding a torch and holding the remains of a (+) monstrous creature. An imitation of this figure grips two snakes in a work depicting an assassination attempt by Hera. A bust of Commodus (*) featured the skin of a lion in imitation of, for the points, what hero, the subject of a plinth depicting his labors? | Hercules (or Heracles; accept the Twelve Labors of Hercules; accept Hercules in Gilded Bronze; accept Bust of Commodus as Hercules; accept Young Boy Portrayed as Hercules Choking the Snakes; accept Plinth with Labors of Heracles) |
| One artifact that may have been used for this purpose is topped with a Hebrew inscription. Another artifact that was used for this purpose is dedicated "to the Sun and to the gods of Palmyra, " and another artifact that was used for this purpose (+) was constructed for a clerk of the Land Registration Office (*). For the points, identify this solemn purpose for which the Romans constructed monuments and other ornaments to be used for the burial or memorial of the dead. | Funerals (accept Funerary Purposes; accept related concepts such as Commemoration of the Dead or Consecration of the Dead; accept Burial of the Dead or Memorial for the Dead before mentioned) |
| One work in this location features an ornamental headband with sheath of wheat to depict its subject as the goddess Ceres. A model of Aphrodite by the sculptor Phidias inspired a prominently displayed work (+) in this location, and the works that give this location its name are displayed on a pair of shelves in (*) chronological order. For the points, identify this hall of the Capitoline Museums where a multitude of busts depict subjects such as Trajan and Vespasian. | Hall of the Emperors (prompt on partial answers) |
| One example of this artform depicts a veiled version of the Empress Livia. Another example of this artform uses the material sardonica to depict a man and a woman facing each other. “Hardstone” (+) examples of this artform were often made of agate, but this artform also used the Cassis madagascariensis, a prized (*) shell. For the points, name this artform that involves carving an often-raised image on a flat background for objects such as signet rings and pendants. | Cameo (prompt on "Jewelry") |
| A fresco titled for these people contains a red tent on its left side as a man wearing a galea points from a short pedestal. A statue of Poseidon on the left oversees the central action in another work titled for these people, which uses an obelisk (+) as its vanishing point behind a group of these people as they are being (*) carried away. For the points, identify these people, whose women are depicted in a pair of artworks showing their abduction by the Romans. | Sabines (accept Abduction of the Sabine Women; or Rape of the Sabine Women) |
| This visual effect can entail a phenomenon known as “Zeeman's Paradox." This technique is used in Scarsellino's Adoration of the Magi to imply that the figures in the clouds are larger-than-life, and Aristotle described this effect as skenographia, (+) the use of flat panels on a theatrical stage to add visual depth. Curvilinear (*) is a type of, for the points, what visual effect that creates the illusion of three-dimensional scenes in two- dimensional media? | Perspective (accept Forced Perspective; accept Trompe-l'Oeil; prompt on "Point of View;" prompt on "Dimension") |
| This architectural element has a name which may derive from a word for "obscure" or “heaven.” This element has several design variations, some of which include their lacunar or coffered (+) examples, one of which in the Capitoline depicts a coat of arms surrounded on four sides by the abbreviation SPQR (*). For the points, name this architectural element that was sometimes called a vault and decorated most famously by The Creation of Adam in the Sistine Chapel. | Ceiling (accept Vault before mentioned; accept Lacunar Ceiling; accept Coffered Ceiling; accept Ceiling of the Sistine Chapel) |
| One work dedicated to this figure in the Galleria Lapidaria is the base of a statue of the Vicomagistri. One work depicting this figure is an alabaster sculpture that was adapted as a modern bust, and a large niche-set statue (+) of this figure depicts him making an offering while serving in his role as the pontifex maximus (*). For the points, identify this second-century Roman emperor whose accomplishments include the construction of a namesake wall. | Hadrian (accept Caesar Trajanus Hadrianus; accept Hadrian's Wall) |
| Along with cangiante, sfumato, and unione, this technique was one of the four modes in Renaissance art. An example of this technique can be seen in Garofalo's Anunzione, which uses an intervening column to divide a scene with the Virgin Mary into (+) brighter and dimmer sections. Often used when depicting selectively illuminated subjects (*), this is, for the points, what visual technique that is named for the Italian for "light and dark?" | Chiaroscuro |
| An aquatic version of one of these beings is depicted in one sculptural work as the torso of the god Triton. Another sculptural depiction of one of these beings was made using rare bigio morato marble and includes the signatures of Carian sculptors (+) Aristeas and Papias. That depiction shows a "Young" one of these beings raising a hand while lifting one of its (*) hooves. For the points, identify these mythological creatures that were half-man and half-horse. | Centaurs (accept Sea Centaurs) |
| One work by an artist with this surname depicts a saint bowing to an object propped against a skull. Another work by an artist with this surname includes a cherub shouldering a cornucopia as another figure nurses. Saint Francis (+) Adores the Crucifix and Allegory of Divine Providence were painted by two artists with this surname that one location pairs with (*) Guido Reni. For the points, identify this surname of Bolognese artists Ludovico and Annibale. | Carracci (accept Ludovico Carracci; accept Annibale Carracci) |
| A work depicting this figure features on the obverse of an annual medallion of the municipality of Rome. Scenes from a funerary monument dedicated to this figure include a sacrifice to Capitoline Jupiter. This figure is depicted in an (+) equi magni that may have been raised after his defeat of the Quadi and Sarmatians in the (*) Marcomannic Wars. For the points, identify this Roman emperor whose namesake Exedra is dominated by their bronze equestrian statue. | Marcus Aurelius (or Marcus Aurelius Antoninus; prompt on partial answers) |
| The Capitoline Brutus was donated by a holder of this position named Pius da Carpi. Another holder of this position was Alessandro Albani, whose private artworks formed the basis for the collection of antique sculptures in the (+) Palazzo Nuovo. One holder of this position at the San Giorgio al Velabro commissioned the Banner of Saint George for their (*) basilica. For the points, identify this position held by members of a college that elects the pope. | Cardinals |
| One god associated with this domain is usually paired with another deity who is often depicted with a set of butterfly wings. One deity of this domain is depicted in a statue in the Hall of the Galatlan alongside a god of the (+) soul. Psyche was often paired with a god of this domain, one of whom is seen in another statue preparing to string their bow near a quiver of (*) arrows. For the points, identify this domain, whose gods include figures such as Eros and Cupid. | Love (accept equivalents) |
| A seated depiction of this figure sports a beard and holds a pan flute as a young Greek boy reaches from below. Another depiction of this figure includes a row of five men all collectively holding the same (+) spear on the opposite side of a scene from a naval battle. That depiction on a cratere shows this figure as he is wounded by a man who calls himself Nemo, or (*) Nobody. For the points, identify this figure, a cyclops who was blinded by Odysseus. | Polyphemus (or Cratere with the Blinding of Polyphemus and a Naval Battle; or Statue of Polyphemus) |
| One work by this artist depicts disembodied heads staring down at the title action from the clouds. That work by this artist shows a man in a blue sash kneeling to perform the title action on Jesus. That work by this artist (+) depicts multiple figures with a type of red hair color that is often named for this artist (*). For the points, name this painter of the Baptism of Christ who is considered the most important member of the sixteenth-century Venetian school. | Titian (or Tiziano Vecelli (accept either); or Tiziano Vecellio (accept either)) |
| One work of art in this medium depicts its title figure above a crowd of kneeling and praying apostles. This medium was used by Barnaba da Modena for his depiction of the Ascension. This medium's odor was sometimes masked by (+) liquid myrrh, and this material's durability preserved the vibrant purple and gold in Macrino d'Alba's painting Holy Conversation (*). For the points, name this painting medium using pigments mixed with a binding agent such as egg yolk. | Tempera |
| This location contains a terracotta artifact depicting and titled for a female divinity wearing a diadem. This location contains an artifact depicting a sacrifice to Mars, and this location is named for an element that is sometimes seen above a lintel (+) and has a central area called a tympanum that can be filled with an inscription, sculpture, or other decoration (*). For the points, identify this location named for a type of triangular gable found over doors and porches. | Hall of the Pediment (prompt on partial answers) |
| One work of this type may be a copy of a work from a temple called the Foro di Augusto titled Marte Ultore. Another work of this type was once part of a "Talking" sextet of similar works and is known as Marforio. Several depictions of (+) Constantine include fragments from a work of this type, including a left hand that measures almost five feet (*) long. For the points, identify this type of work, an extremely large statue exemplified by a wonder of Rhodes. | Colossus (or Colossal Statue; accept Colossus of Rhodes; prompt on "Statue") |
| A larger form of this object was known as a mandorla, a square variety of which indicated donors. Thin, hair-like versions of this object can be seen in works such as one depicting a gold violin near a patron (+) of music. These objects were also depicted as chunky and disc-like, and works such as Sacra Famiglia depict this object as a soft, glowing (*) light. For the points, name this object that was used in iconography around the heads of sacred figures. | Halo (accept Nimbus; accept Aureole; prompt on "Aura") |
| One object used for this purpose was fashioned in the form of an animal’s head or horn and was known as a rhyton. Another type of object that was used for this purpose includes two examples depicting red-figures athletes. The kylix (+) was a type of object that was used for this purpose, the word for which was later adapted for a similar object used to hold a sacred (*) substance. For the points, name this purpose for which objects such as a chalice were used. | Drinking (accept answers indicating any object used to hold a kind of liquid) |
| One work by this artist is inscribed with the words Eximie et Multipliceter, or "Exceptional in Many Ways." A work by this artist in the Hall of the Geese is a bust depicting the moment of transformation of a sister of Euryale (+) and Stheno. This artist created a seventeenth-century marble sculpture of Pope Urban the Eighth and a bust of Medusa (*). For the points, identify this Baroque sculptor whose other works in Rome include the Ecstasy of Saint Teresa. | Gian Lorenzo Bernini (or Giovanni Lorenzo) |
| One work by this artist includes a cherub indicating toward a laurel wreath worn by the central figure. That work by this artist features a woman wearing sandals who steps on the hoof (+) of a large white animal, a transfigured lover of Zeus in the form of a white cow (*). For the points, name this Italian Renaissance artist and colorist who painted Rape of Europa and took his later name from his birthplace, which was once the largest mainland possession of Venice. | Paolo Veronese (or Paolo Caliari) |
| The colossal statue of Mars Pyrrhus displays this representational element in its lower half. This element was first seen in its earliest example, Kritios Boy. This element that conveys relaxation (+) can also be seen in the relief of a plinth possibly depicting a personification of Achaia stepping forward. A standing human figure with their weight mostly on one foot (*) exemplifies, for the points, what pose that has a name from the Italian for "counterpoise?" | Contrapposto |
| The head of a statue of one of these people may have been copied from an original design by Polykleitos. Another depiction of one of these people was signed by its creator, Sosikles. One depiction of (+) these people includes a long stick-like instrument held by its title subject, and these people are sometimes depicted as wounded since martial skills were central (*) in their lives. For the points, name these women warriors who were once led by their queen Hippolyte. | Amazons (accept Head of an Amazon; accept Statue of a Wounded Amazon) |
| Two of these figures guide the central family in Scarsellino's Flight into Egypt. Another pair of these figures holds a crown and forms a ring around the central subject as she is depicted in Glory. Two of these figures (+) flank either side of the Virgin Mary as she prays over an infant Jesus, and one of these figures approaches Mary in the (*) Annunciation. For the points, identify these servants of heaven who are frequently depicted with wings. | Angels (accept Seraphs or Seraphim; accept Cherubs) |
| A rouge vintage form of this material decorates one work that was found at Hadrian's villa in Tivoli. One work from the Hall of the Captains uses the Pavonazzetto form of this material, and another form of this material is called Lucullan (+) and is used in a work depicting a captured barbarian king. The Esquiline Venus uses an especially smooth form (*) of, for the points, what hard, white material used in statuary and sculpture and mined from quarries? | Marble |
| Biographical scenes concerning this figure are depicted on a mensa that was intended to decorate the Church of Aracoeli. Another artifact depicting this figure was retrieved from Monte del Grano (+) and shows scenes from the life of this figure on a sarcophagus, including episodes in which this figure seeks vengeance on (*) Hector for the death of Patroclus. For the points, identify this Greek hero of the Trojan War who was ultimately felled by a wound to his heel. | Achilles |
| This architectural element has a circular block called an echinus. This element was expanded by the Romans, who added types known as Composite and Tuscan. These architectural elements from Campus Martius include a relief depiction (+) of Egyptian figures. This element has vertical grooves called fluting, as well as a distinct top called a (*) capital. For the points, name this architectural element whose earliest styles included Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian. | Columns |
| One work by this artist shows a man clad in gold and black with a rapier on his hip as his palm is being touched by a woman in a white bonnet. This artist of (+) Good Luck also depicted a nude saint looking at the viewer while wrapping one of his arms around the neck of a (*) ram. For the points, identify painter of Saint John the Baptist who was known for his use of tenebrism, and whose other major artworks include The Calling of Saint Matthew. | Caravaggio (or Michelangelo Merisi da Carvaggio; or Michele Angelo Merigi da Carvaggio; or Michele Angelo Amerighi da Caravaggio) |