| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In Walter Scott's Waverley, a prisoner is recaptured after escaping while trying to go back and retrieve a book by this man. Books 46 through 142 of the most famous work of this man are lost, including an account of the Social War. This man was a personal acquaintance of the Julio-Claudians, and a work set "From the Founding of the City" was written by this subject of a set of "Discourses" by Niccolo Machiavelli. For the point, name this Roman historian who wrote Ab urbe condita. | Livy (accept Titius Livius) |
| Manius Acilius Glabrio helped win the Battle of Thermopylae against this empire, which resulted in the Treaty of Apamea. Along with his brother, Lucius Cornelius Scipio led the victorious force at the Battle of Magnesia against this empire. The Aetolian War was fought between Rome and this empire, of which Antiochus the Third was a Hellenistic king. A 192 to 188 BCE conflict between Rome and this empire was centered in Greece and Asia Minor. For the point, name this empire, created after the division of Alexander the Great's lands. | Seleucid Empire (accept Kingdom of the Seleucids) |
| A compromise system of government in this kingdom was established after the Battle of Rhandeia. Following the defeat of Pontus in the Mithridatic Wars, this kingdom was placed under Roman hegemony. This kingdom reached its peak during the Artaxiad Dynasty and the reign of Tigranes the Great. For the point, name this kingdom, which was the first to make Christianity its state religion. | Kingdom of Greater Armenia (or Armenian Empire) |
| Francis S. Betten wrote that this agreement "changed the face of the Earth." This agreement was thought to have been directed against a man born as Daza and followed another agreement, signed two years prior in Serdica at the orders of Galerius. Licinius was among the leaders who met in Mediolanum to formalize this agreement, which aimed to prevent the persecution of one group but did not make a certain religion that of the state. For the point, name this agreement, which gave Christians legal status in Rome. | Edict of Milan |
| Frieze A of the Cancellaria Reliefs depicts this emperor preparing to depart for a campaign against the Chatti people. Due to the Revolt of Saturninus, this ruler was forced to abort his planned attack on Sarmizegetusa and recognize the kingship of Decebalus. Cassius Dio alleged that this ruler's wife, Longina, played a part in his death conspiracy, which was led by this ruler's chamberlain, Parthenius. For the point, name this last emperor of the Flavian Dynasty, whose death ushered in the Five Good Emperors period. | Domitian (or Titus Flavius Domitianus) |
| This person owned a Prima Porta villa bearing her name but also known as Ad Gallinas Albas, named for its sacred, white chickens. Images of this person were transported by elephant chariots during public festivals and games. This person was accused of murdering Marcellus and poisoning figs eaten by her husband. This woman was deified by her grandson, Claudius, who granted her the title Augusta. For the point, name this first Roman empress, the wife of Octavian. | Livia Drusilla (or Julia Augusta; prompt on "Drusilla") |
| The Derafsh Kaviani served as the royal standard of this empire, which justified its founding through the Letter of Tansar. This empire promoted the Zurvanite form of its primary religion and may have been responsible for the death of Gordian the Third at the Battle of Misiche. Emperor Carus was reportedly struck by lightning while invading, for the point, what last Iranian empire before the Muslim conquests, which captured Emperor Valerian? | Sasanian Empire (or Sasanid Empire; or Eranshahr; accept Empire of the Iranians before mentioned) |
| The forces of this man emerged victorious at the Battle of the Silarius River. Becoming praetor in 73 BCE, this man attended the Luca Conference alongside another man, with whom he served as consul in 55 BCE. Silver mine production and speculation in real estate were among the ventures that helped this man amass a large fortune. For the point, name this Roman general who, along with Pompey and Caesar, was a member of the First Triumvirate. | Marcus Licinius Crassus |
| This ruler launched an uprising after the death of Prasutagus after Roman leaders broke a treaty. Forces under this ruler massacred the 9th Legion at the Battle of Camulodunum. This Iceni leader’s rebellion was ended by Gaius Suetonius Paulinus at an extremely bloody battle along Watling Street of the English midlands. For the point, name this Pictish warrior queen who rebelled against Rome. | Boudica (or Boadicea; or Buddug) |
| The winning general in these conflicts repeatedly built and destroyed bridges over the Rhine River in order to intimidate German tribes into staying neutral. These conflicts saw the defeat of Divico, who led the Boii, Tulingi, and Helvetii tribes in the Battle of Bibracte. Vercingetorix was captured at the Siege of Alesia during these conflicts, which were documented extensively in Commentaries by Julius Caesar. For the point, name these Roman conquests of a region now comprised largely of France. | Gallic Wars (accept Commentaries on the Gallic Wars) |
| This man, who immediately plunged his sword into Aper's chest to avenge one murder, defeated Aurelius Achilleus at Alexandria. This man bound peasants to the land with his Capitatio-Iugatio, an attempt to combine land and personal taxes. The Edict at Serdica abolished this man's persecution of Christians in the Eastern Roman Empire. For the point, name this Roman emperor, whose reign ended the Crisis of the Third Century and began the Tetrarchy. | Diocletian (or Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus; or Gaius Valerius Diocles) |
| One work by this man includes the section Odysseus and Gryllus, as well as a section on Egyptian religious practices titled On the Worship of Isis and Osiris. Lucius Mestrius Florus sponsored the Roman citizenship of this man, who authored a set of essays known as the Moralia. This priest, serving in Delphi, wrote a work that included Pelopidas and Marcellus as among its sets of pairs of Greek and Roman biographical subjects. For the point, name this author of Parallel Lives. | Plutarch (or Lucius Mestrius Plutarchus) |
| The right wing on one side of this battle was led by Lucius Gellius Poplicola, five years before he became consul. The defection of Quintus Dellius resulted in one leader at this battle obtaining the plans of another. A title meaning "first citizen" was adopted after victory at this battle, at which quinqueremes were widely employed. Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa was a key commander at, for the point, what 31 BCE naval battle, which resulted in the sinking of over 250 of Mark Antony's ships? | Battle of Actium |
| This man flattered his patron in an essay written in response to the murder of Britannicus called “On Mercy.” This man satirized one ruler in The Pumpkinification of Claudius, and this person’s ethical treatises included “On the Happy Life” and “On the Shortness of Life.” This philosopher was ordered to bleed himself to death for his alleged participation in the Pisonian Conspiracy. For the point, name this Stoic philosopher and statesman. | Seneca the Younger (or Lucius Annaeus Seneca) |
| A law passed by Mamercus Aemilius Mamercinus resulted in the shortening of the term of this office from five years to eighteen months. Public morality was overseen by the holder of this position, which, until 443 BCE, had its duties overseen by the consul. The Villa Publica was the site of the central function of this office, which required the attendance of the head of each Roman household. For the point, name this position, which was responsible for recording Rome's population. | Censor |
| This person compared tyrants to a rotting limb that needs to be amputated in his defense of tyrannicide. This man and Gaius Antonius Hybrida were the targets of an attempt to overthrow the Roman consuls in 63 BCE. This man imagines Scipio Aemilianus in the role of Socrates in a dialogue discussing Roman government in his De re publica. For the point, name this Roman philosopher and orator who denounced Mark Antony in the Philippics. | Marcus Tullius Cicero (accept Tully) |
| R. G. Collingwood put forth a theory that this project was divided into "broad" and "narrow" sections. Wallsend was a location on the River Tyne from which this project ran. Sandstone artifacts found at Jarrow refer to this project, which was built to include regularly spaced milecastles, and this structure was superseded by a similar project named for Antoninus Pius. Marking a boundary between Caledonia and Britannia, for the point, what is this defensive fortification, named for a Roman emperor? | Hadrian's Wall (accept Picts' Wall; prompt on "Roman Wall") |
| Under this man's rule, Leptis Magna was formally incorporated into the Roman Empire. Another man, who claimed to be Postumus but was actually Clemens, was captured and killed by this man, who divorced his first wife, Vipsania, at the request of the emperor. This man came to one position following the deaths of Lucius and Gaius Caesar, and this man's son, Drusus Julius Caesar, became heir to the throne after the death of Germanicus. For the point, who was this second emperor of Rome? | Tiberius Caesar Augustus (or Tiberius Claudius Nero; or Tiberius Julius Caesar) |
| This writer predicted that a man would attain godhood and save the world in one poem, which medieval Christians interpreted to be a prophecy of Jesus. After this man's death, Lucius Varius Rufus and Plotius Tucca were prevented by the emperor from burning this writer's manuscripts. This writer dedicated an agricultural treatise to Maecenas called the Georgics and he also wrote the Eclogues. For the point, name this Roman poet, the author of the Aeneid. | Virgil (or Publius Vergilius Maro) |
| These people are thought to have been the descendants of a group of 100 men who may have been chosen for their wisdom, and twelve youths from among this group of people made up the salii [[SAH-lih- ee]]. During the Conflict of the Orders, a counterpart of this group underwent a strike-like secession, which resulted in said counterpart being given the office of tribune. Today associated with the aristocracy of Rome, for the point, what was this class? | Patricians |
| According to Diodorus Siculus, one of these people saw zero birds rather than six during an augury contest and was killed by Celer [[KEH-lehr]]. Faustulus adopted these people, who are depicted as infants in a bronze sculpture known as the Capitoline Wolf. These people hailed from Alba Longa and were born to Rhea Silvia, who claimed to have been impregnated by Mars. Including a murder victim and a man who committed fratricide, for the point, who are these legendary twin brothers who founded Rome? | Romulus and Remus (accept in either order; prompt on partial answers) |
| Chalcedonian Christians in this region were persecuted by a state that made Arianism its official religion. After conquering this region, Geiseric used it as a launching ground for his invasions of the rest of the Roman Empire by the Alans and Vandals. During the reign of Justinian the First, Belisarius reconquered this region in the Vandalic Wars. For the point, name this region, which Rome governed from Carthage after conquering the local Berbers. | Roman North Africa (accept the Maghreb; accept Tunisia, Algeria, or Morocco) |
| Terentius Maximus claimed to be this man, who once ordered the creation of a trio of artificial lakes at Subiaco. A villa in Pompeii is named for the second wife of this man, Poppaea Sabina. Britannicus was the step-brother of this man, who was himself the son of Agrippina the Younger. This last emperor of the Julio- Claudian dynasty was succeeded by Galba. For the point, name this Roman emperor who legendarily fiddled while Rome burned. | Nero (or Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus; or Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus) |
| A Henryk Siemiradzki painting depicts individuals purportedly responsible for this event being prepared for execution. One theory claimed that this event, depicted in Candlesticks of Christianity occurred in order to provide space for the construction of the Domus Aurea. A number of merchant stores surrounding the Circus Maximus were the starting point of this event. Taking place in 64 CE, for the point, what was this event, which caused widespread damage to property in Rome? | Great Fire of Rome (prompt on descriptive or partial answers) |
| A panel on one structure dedicated to this man has generated controversy among scholars as to whether it depicts Italia, Tellus, or Venus Genetrix. That structure, dedicated to this man, commemorates his return to Rome after three years in Gaul and Hispania. An intricately decorated breastplate can be found on a sculpture of this man, found in and named for Prima Porta. The dedicatee of the Ara Pacis, for the point, who was this man, who was in power from 27 BCE to 14 CE as Rome's first emperor? | Caesar Augustus (or Octavian; or Gaius Octavius) |
| The Sibylline oracle predicted that if this Roman deity's Eryx aspect were persuaded to change allegiance, Carthage could be defeated in the Second Punic War. Along with Jupiter, this deity was worshipped in the Vinalia wine festival, and in the Lectisternium feast scene, ancient artists paired this goddess with Mars. A popular story about this deity depicts her tormenting her daughter-in-law, Psyche. For the point, name this Roman goddess, the mother of Cupid. | Venus (do not accept or prompt on "Aphrodite") |