| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The area of this present-day country was initially inhabited by the Charrúa people and was established by the Portuguese as Colónia do Sacramento. This country won its independence through a fourteen-year struggle led by José Gervasio Artigas and a treaty negotiated by Viscount John Posonby. An "Oriental Republic" led by Luis Lacalle Pou [["POW"]], for the point, what is this South American country that contains the headquarters of Mercosur in Montevideo? | Oriental Republic of Uruguay (or República Oriental del Uruguay) |
| This man died in the arms of the illegitimate daughter he had with Clementina Walkinshaw. This man armed a ship known as Du Teillay, on which he was accompanied by the Seven Men of Moidart. That group landed at Eriskay with this man, whose forces began a march on Black Friday under the command of George Murray. While disguised as a maid named “Betty Burke,” this man was smuggled to the Isle of Skye after losing at Culloden [[kul-AH-den]]. For the point, name this “Young Pretender” who led the 1745 Jacobite [[JAK- uh-"bite"]] Uprising. | Charles Edward Stuart (or Bonnie Prince Charlie; or Charles Edward Louis John Casimir Sylvester Severino Maria Stuart; prompt on " (The) Young Chevalier;" prompt on "Young Pretender"; prompt on "Charles" or "Charlie") |
| Robert Laws founded a mission town on this body of water that he named after David Livingstone. The headquarters of the Universities' Mission to Central Africa was founded on Likoma Island in this body of water in 1880. One international border along this body of water has its roots in the 1890 Treaty of Heligoland between Britain and Germany. For the point, name this East African lake in the Great Rift Valley whose waters have long been disputed between Mozambique, Tanzania, and a namesake country. | Lake Malawi (or Lake Nyasa; accept Republic of Malawi or Dziko la Malawi) |
| This man was excommunicated for being the first clergyman to take the Civic Oath. In his role as Bishop of Autan [[oh-TAHN]], this man oversaw the mass at the Festival of the Federation despite reportedly not knowing the words. This man unsuccessfully advised Napoleon to pursue mild terms in the Treaty of Tilsit, and this man's insistence on receiving a bribe exacerbated the Quasi-War. The central figure of the XYZ Affair, for the point, who was this diplomat that represented France at the Congress of Vienna? | Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Perigord (or 1st Prince of Benevento; or Prince of Talleyrand) |
| A posthumous publication by this work's author is titled for The Garden of [the title character of this work]. One section of this work, "On Religion," describes how the "freest song comes not through bars and wires" while other sections of this work ask the title character to speak "On Marriage" and "On Eating and Drinking." This work begins as its title character prepares to depart from the island of Orphalese [[or-fah-LEES]]. Al-Mustafa is the title character of, for the point, what work of prose poetry by Kahlil Gibran? | The Prophet (accept The Garden of the Prophet) |
| This thinker collaborated with Gregory Bateson to produce a documentary titled Dance and Trance in Bali. This thinker studied the Arapesh, Tchambuli, and Mundugumor in the book Sex and Temperament in Three Primitive Societies. This thinker's work was criticized in a work subtitled The Making and Unmaking of an Anthropological Myth by Derek Freeman. For the point, identify this anthropologist who wrote the landmark study Coming of Age in Samoa. | Margaret Mead |
| A pope with this name produced the "Rights and Duties of Capital and Labor," which was expanded in his Rerum Novarum. Another pope with this name closed the Fifth Lateran Council and succeeded Julius II [[the Second]]. Manuel I [[the First]] of Portugal gave the elephant Hanno to that pope with this name who issued the papal bull Exsurge Domine [[ek- SUR-geh DOH-mee-neh]] in response to the sale of indulgences. For the point, identify this name shared by thirteen popes, which means "Lion." | Leo (accept Leo X [[the Tenth]]; accept Leo XIII [[the Thirteenth]]) |
| This person helped members of the 6th Massachusetts Militia after the Baltimore Riot. This person gained permission from Quartermaster David Rucker to work on the front lines, and in 1864, General Benjamin Butler made this woman the "lady in charge." This woman received the Prussian Iron Cross for distributing supplies after the Siege of Paris. Founding an organization which first met on May 21, 1881, for the point, who was this founder of the American Red Cross? | Clara Barton (or Clarissa Harlowe Barton) |
| This man had an illegitimate son with the metic woman Aspasia, who was not a citizen of this man's city-state. This man accused his political rival Cimon [[KY-mohn]] of assisting Sparta, which led to Cimon's ostracism. This man gave a speech that claimed his city-state's government was "a pattern to others" while eulogizing victims of the plague that later claimed his own life. A famous "Funeral Oration" was delivered by, for the point, what Greek statesman who led Athens during its Golden Age? | Pericles [[PEH-rih-kleez]] (accept Pericles's Funeral Oration) |
| Father Le Loutre's War, a continuation of this larger war, degenerated into guerilla warfare by the Wabanaki Confederacy and Acadian allies. An immediate predecessor to this war is named for a British captain who supposedly had his ear cut off by the Spanish. This war began when Prussia seized the region of Silesia shortly after the death of Charles VI [[the Sixth]] of Austria, who had passed the Pragmatic Sanction. For the point, name this war concerning the ascension of Maria Theresa. | War of the Austrian Succession |
| Before being executed, this man allegedly looked at a chaplain named Henry F. Gerecke and told him, "I'll see you again." Konstantin von Neurath preceded this owner of the Schloss Fuschl [[FOO-shul]] residence in one post. In that post, this man helped negotiate a deal that made demarcations in Poland, Estonia, and other spheres of influence. For the point, name this German minister of foreign affairs who signed a non-aggression pact with his Soviet counterpart, Vyacheslav Molotov. | Joachim von Ribbentrop |
| This man was forced to direct The Lady from Shanghai in order to finance the musical Around the World in 80 Days. One of this man’s best-known films was an adaptation of a Booth Tarkington novel about a Midwestern family. The Magnificent Ambersons was directed by this man, who partnered with John Houseman to co-found the Mercury Theater. For the point, name this filmmaker and actor known for a radio broadcast of The War of the Worlds and for directing Citizen Kane. | Orson Welles (or George Orson Welles) |
| Following the Six Day War, this man unsuccessfully announced his resignation, and this man established control over Syria by engineering the creation of the United Arab Republic. This member of the Free Officers Movement overthrew his predecessor, Mohammed Naguib. This man prompted an invasion by France, Israel, and the UK by nationalizing a strategic waterway. The Suez Canal was nationalized by, for the point, what second president of Egypt, the predecessor of Anwar Sadat? | Gamal Abdel Nasser Hussein |
| The All-Union Association forced citizens to convert foreign currency to this specific currency, with consumers only allowed to spend it at a chain known as Beryozka. A panic to exchange the 50 and 100 notes of this currency was caused by the 1991 policies of Finance Minister Valentin Pavlov. The two prior denominations of this currency ceased to be legal tender in 1998 due to reforms passed by Boris Yeltsin. For the point, name this primary currency of the former Soviet Union and Russia. | Russian Ruble (accept Soviet Ruble) |
| This person was the only non-NASA recipient of the Ambassador of Exploration award. This person, who wrote the memoir A Reporter's Life, ended every broadcast with the phrase "And that's the way it is." During escalation in Vietnam, Lyndon Johnson purportedly said, "If I've lost [this man], I've lost Middle America." For the point, name this "most trusted man in America," a longtime anchor of the CBS Evening News, known for his coverage of the Apollo 11 landing and the JFK assassination. | Walter Cronkite (or Walter Leland Cronkite Jr.) |
| This war prompted Bernard Kouchner to found the humanitarian organization Doctors Without Borders, and the Aburi Accord was signed before this war, one side of which was led by Odumegwu Ojukwu. Conflict over oil in areas like Port Harcourt occurred during this conflict, which was chronicled in a memoir by Chinua Achebe [[SHIN-wah ah- SHEH-beh]]. For the point, identify this conflict in which a country later led by Goodluck Jonathan fought a secessionist state. | Nigerian-Biafran War (accept Nigerian Civil War; prompt on "Nigeria") |
| James Prinsep deciphered a set of documents by this ruler, in which he is repeatedly referred to as the "beloved of the gods." A pillar built by this ruler features four lions standing back-to-back in the city of Sarnath. After his conquest of the Kalinga Kingdom, this ruler converted to Buddhism, and languages such as Greek appear in a series of rock edicts created by this third ruler of the Mauryan empire. For the point, identify this grandson of Chandragupta. | Ashoka Maurya (or Ashoka the Great; or Asoka) |
| This non-Soviet revolutionary became famous in the United States through the journalism of John Reed. This governor of Chihuahua and ally of President Venustiano Carranza was assassinated by a pumpkin seed vendor in 1923. This leader of the Conventionist faction was victorious at the Battle of Columbus, which led to the Wilson administration's Punitive Expedition led by John Pershing. For the point, name this leader of the Mexican Revolution, the Northern ally to Emiliano Zapata. | Pancho Villa [[VEE-yah]] (or Francisco Villa; or José Doroteo Arango Arámbula) |
| This dynasty launched the Great Persecution of Buddhism under Emperor Wuzong, which was also directed at other religions such as Zoroastrianism and Manicheism [[man- ih-KEE-ism]]. Nobles of this dynasty unsuccessfully rebelled against the Empress Wu Zetian [[ZEH-TYAHN]]. This dynasty's Emperor Xuanzong [[SHWAHN-ZOHNG]] was attacked by a Sogdian general in the An Lushan Rebellion. This dynasty's golden age included poets such as Du Fu and Li Bai. For the point, name this Chinese dynasty that ruled between the Sui and Song. | Tang Dynasty (or Tang Empire) |
| The age of artifacts made of this material can be determined with a namesake hydration dating process. Tezcatlipoca [[tes-kaht-lee-POH-kah]] was known as the “smoking mirror” due to his association with shamanist mirrors made from this material, blades of which were embedded into a wooden club to make a type of Aztec hand weapon called a Macuahuitl [[mah-kwah-HWEE-tuhl]]. For the point, name this igneous volcanic glass used to make extremely sharp blades, knives, and other weapons. | Obsidian (accept Obsidian hydration dating; prompt on "Volcanic glass" or “Glass”) |
| The first European scientific expedition to map this river was led by Ernest Doudart de Lagrée [[doo-DAHRT duh lah-GREH]] and Francis Garnier [[gahr-NYEH]] in the 1860s. Roman coins have been excavated at this river's delta, which contains the archaeological site of Óc Eo [[OHK EH-oh]]. One watercraft developed for use on this river was the Patrol Craft Fast, or PCF, which was used in Operation Market Time and nicknamed "Swiftboat." For the point, name this river that still contains ordinance from the Vietnam War. | Mekong River |
| Possibly founded by the biblical Nimrod, this ancient city was the site of two lamassu [[lah-MAH-soo]] statues, destroyed by ISIL and reconstructed in Trafalgar Square. This city was home to the Library of Ashurbanipal, where the Epic of Gilgamesh was first discovered. This city was greatly expanded by Sennacherib [[sen-AH-keh-rib]], who built his massive palace in this capital of his empire. For the point, name this capital of the Neo- Assyrian empire, located near modern day Mosul. | Nineveh |
| Fred Trump dismantled parts of this area, including Steeplechase Park, and later invited reporters to break stained glass windows in this area in mid-1970s demonstrations. This area was the site the electrocution of a female Asian elephant named Topsy, an act that was supposedly part of the Edison-Tesla Current Wars. This area is the location of early wooden roller coasters such as The Cyclone and The Wonder Wheel. For the point, name this Brooklyn "island" which hosts the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest. | Coney Island peninsula (prompt on "Brooklyn" or "New York City") |
| This man was run out of England for defending the French Revolution in The Rights of Man, which helped him get elected to the French Constitutional Committee. This man’s other writings include The Age of Reason and Agrarian Justice. In a 1776 pamphlet, this man argued that it was absurd for an island to rule a continent, and in another pamphlet he declared, "These are the times that try men's souls." For the point, name this author of the The American Crisis and Common Sense. | Thomas Paine |
| The victims of this event "slipped the surly bonds of Earth" according to a presidential speech which referenced the poem "High Flight." As a member of the Rogers Commission investigating this event, Richard Feynman put a piece of rubber in a glass of ice water in front of a congressional committee to explain how cold weather reduced the elasticity of O-rings. For the point, name this January 1986 disaster in which a space shuttle exploded shortly after liftoff from Cape Canaveral. | Challenger Disaster (accept OV-099 Disaster; accept "Explosion" or equivalents in place of "Disaster") |
| This man made ten cartoons for tapestries that were hung in the Sistine Chapel. This man died while completing his Transfiguration, which was commissioned for Narbonne Cathedral. This man depicted a bird in a child's hand in his Madonna of the Goldfinch, and this man's La Disputa hangs in one of his four namesake rooms in the Vatican. For the point, identify this Italian artist who depicted Euclid teaching geometry and Plato pointing to the sky in The School of Athens. | Raphael (or Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino; accept either underlined portion; accept Raphael Rooms) |
| One of these beings named Cissus [[KISS-ooss]] was turned into an ivy plant while climbing a tree. Another example of these beings was hung from a pine tree and flayed alive by Apollo after losing to him in a musical contest. One of these beings named Ampelos was a lover of Dionysus who was turned into the first grapevine after being killed by a bull. For the point, identify these creatures from Greek mythology which are portrayed as woodland gods with physical traits resembling a horse or a goat. | Satyr (or Silenos; or Silenus) |
| One man with this title held the epithet Parapinakes [[pah-rah-pee-NAH-kehs]], literally meaning "Minus a Quarter," due to his devaluation of a currency. The Palaiologos [[pah-"lie"-oh-LOH-gohss]] Dynasty held this title for 200 years, with the last holder of this title from that dynasty dying while fighting Ottoman sultan Mehmed the Conqueror in 1453. For the point, name this title held by by men such as Basil the Bulgar Slayer and Justinian the Great. | Eastern Roman Emperor (accept Byzantine Emperor; accept Basileus or Imperator; Emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire; prompt on partial answers) |
| A king of this name implemented the Sound Dues on ships sailing between Sealand and Scania after defeating the Hanseatic League in 1427. Another ruler of this name was the first male leader of the Kalmar Union and the successor of his mother, Margaret. That Danish king was the seventh of this name, and an earlier leader of this name founded the first Norse settlement in Greenland. For the point, give this first name of a Viking explorer known as “the Red." | Eric (accept Erik the Red; accept Eric of Pomerania; accept Eric VII [[the Seventh]]) |
| This man lost control of the majority of his ships following a mutiny attempt in Saint Julian that was masterminded by Juan de Cartagena [[kar-tah-HEH-nah]]. This man, who gave the Pacific Ocean its modern name, was succeeded by Captain Juan Sebastián Elcano following this explorer's death in the Philippines. Charles V [[the Fifth]] of Spain named the straits which traverse Tierra del Fuego after this Iberian explorer. The first circumnavigation of the world was completed by the crew of, for the point, what Portuguese explorer? | Ferdinand Magellan (accept Straits of Magellan) |
| This leader supposedly stated “the die is cast” after crossing the Rubicon and starting a civil war. After his victory at Zela, this leader is recorded as stating, “I came, I saw, I conquered.” With Crassus and Pompey, this leader made up the First Triumvirate. For the point, name this dictator of Rome who was assassinated by a group of senators on the Ides of March. | Gaius Julius Caesar (prompt on "Caesar") |