| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| One commander at this battle brought his pet lion and was able to lead a counterattack when mercenary opponents stopped to loot the tents of his dead soldiers. This battle destroyed the Ra division after it was separated from the Ptah division, and the outcome of this battle led to the first recorded peace treaty. Muwatalli the Second led the Hittites into, for ten points, what largest chariot battle in history, where they were faced by the Egyptian army of Ramses the Second? | Battle of Kadesh |
| This body considered, but ultimately rejected, the Lodge Bill to protect the voting rights of Black people in the South. This body passed two acts named for an Ohio senator, one mandating the government purchase of 4.5 million ounces per month of a coinage metal and the other restricting monopolistic practices. The Sherman Silver Purchase Act and Sherman Antitrust Act were passed during, for ten points, what iteration of Congress, nicknamed for exceeding a certain budgetary milestone? | Billion Dollar Congress (prompt on "Congress" accept “51st United States Congress”) |
| The literal translation of this work is "book that pertains to the mat." A Dominican priest known for his preservation of this non-European literary work was Francisco Ximénez [[HIH-meh-nez]]. Like the Books of Chilam Balam, this work provides insight into the culture of a group that includes the Kʼicheʼ. Post-Classical codices notably have different characters than earlier versions of this work, which commonly features the legend of Hunahpú and Xbalanqué [[HOO-nah-POO and zhah-bah-LAHN-keh]], the Hero Twins. For ten points, name this primary mythological text of the Maya. | Popol Vuh |
| Sechele the First led tribes from this modern-day country in the Battle of Dimawe. During that battle in this African country, the Boers raided the Kolobeng Mission, which is now called the David Livingstone Memorial. When this country gained independence from the United Kingdom, the chief of the Bamangwato tribe, Seretse Khama, became its first president. For ten points, name this landlocked country that was colonized by the British as the Bechuanaland Protectorate. | Republic of Botswana (prompt on "Bechuanaland" before mentioned) |
| After this battle, the winning side dishonored their opponents by erecting a permanent tropaion. During this battle, Epaminondas unusually placed himself and his cavalry on the left side of his phalanx, allowing him to deploy an echelon formation against his opponent’s stronger right side. During this battle, Pelopidas led the Sacred Band in a successful maneuver that destroyed much of Cleombrotus’s position. For ten points, name this 371 BC battle in which Thebes defeated Sparta to gain hegemony over Greece. | Battle of Leuctra |
| The laws of this country were compiled in the late 13th century in a text called the Jónsbók [[YONES-boke]]. One man from this country died after a collision with the HMS Apollo, making him the only known fatality of the Cod Wars. Save for a brief suspension, this nation’s legislation has been handled by an organization that began meeting at the Lögberg, or Law Rock. For ten points, name this nation where Lawspeakers preside over one of the oldest parliaments in the world, the Althing. | Iceland (or Island) |
| Three generals rose up against this politician after he attempted to name U.S. ambassador Ignacio Bonillas [[boh-NEE-yas]] as his successor. Álvaro Obregón allied with this man during a civil war that pitted him against the forces of Emiliano Zapata. This man, who served as the governor of Coahuila [[kwah-HEE-lah]] before going on to draft the Plan of Guadalupe, was supported by the Constitutionalists. For ten points, identify this ally of Alvaro Obregon and Pancho Villa, the president of Mexico from 1917 to 1920. | José Carranza (or José Venustiano Carranza de la Garza) |
| During the Goryeo period, a descendant of this man founded one clan after becoming count of Sinchang. An idiom for finding a proper environment for child-raising claimed this man's "mother moves three times." Unlike Xunzi, this man stressed the inherent righteousness of humanity, and he notably emphasized the significance of the masses as opposed to his teacher's emphasis on rulers. Born during the Zhou Dynasty, this is, for ten points, what "second sage" and disciple of Confucius? | Mencius (accept Mèng Kē; accept Mèngzǐ) |
| A man with a left arm raised up lying next to an overturned chair can be seen in a depiction of one of these events by Karel Svoboda. One of these events was caused by a stone that was thrown at Jan Želivský, a priest with Hussite leanings. That event of this type allegedly caused Wenceslaus the Fourth of Bohemia to die from shock. The Thirty Years' War was preceded by, for ten points, what type of event in which individuals were thrown out of windows in a Czech city? | Defenestrations of Prague (prompt on partial answer – both underlined parts needed. Accept Pražská defenestrace; accept Prager Fenstersturz; accept Defenestratio Pragensis) |
| With Hamilton Fish III, this man names a resolution authorizing the United States’ endorsement of the British Mandate of Palestine and a Jewish nation. This man named an unsuccessful “Force Bill” which would have protected the voting rights of African Americans. This man authored twelve “Reservations” regarding the Treaty of Versailles, stifling Woodrow Wilson’s foreign policy agenda. For ten points, name this senator from Massachusetts, who successfully organized opposition to the League of Nations. | Henry Cabot Lodge (accept Lodge-Fish Resolution) |
| This treaty was only in effect for 183 days before it had to be resettled in the Treaty of Limits. This treaty resolved a border dispute along the Sabine River, extending the claimed territory of the U.S. to the Pacific Ocean, and establishing an American claim to the Oregon Territory. This treaty granted one of its signees most favored nation status at the port cities of Pensacola and St. Augustine. For ten points, name this treaty between Spain and the U.S. that transferred ownership of Florida. | Adams-Onis Treaty (or Transcontinental Treaty; accept Florida Treaty before “Florida” is read) |
| Although signed between Spain and the U.S., the Adams-Onis treaty sparked tensions with this power, which had settled Fort Ross near modern-day Sonoma. | Russian Empire (or Russian Federation; or Rossiyskaya Federatsiya; do NOT accept or prompt on "Soviet Union" or "CCCP") |
| This man came to power when his grandmother, Julia Maesa, raised an army to depose the emperor Macrinus. According to Cassius Dio, this man attempted to marry a charioteer named Hierocles and appoint him as a Caesar. This man sparked controversy by marrying a Vestal Virgin named Aquilia, and he deposed Jupiter from the pantheon in favor of an Arab deity that was worshiped at Emesa. For ten points, name this Roman emperor who renamed himself after his patron, a Syrian sun god. | Elagabalus (or Heliogabalus; or Marcus Aurelius Antoninus; or Sextus Varius Avitus Bassianus) |
| Elagabalus was a member of this Roman dynasty, which came to power in the aftermath of the Year of the Five Emperors. | Severan Dynasty |
| This son of Adela of Champagne replaced his predecessors’ title of “King of the Franks” with the new title “King of France.” This king ordered construction of a wall around Paris before leaving for the Third Crusade, and this king inflicted a defeat on English forces at the Battle of Bouvines, which contributed to the adoption of the Magna Carta and the end of the Angevin Empire. For ten points, name this French king from 1180 to 1223, whose achievements earned him the moniker “Augustus.” | Philip the Second Augustus (prompt on partial answers; accept Philip Augustus before mentioned) |
| Philip’s grandson was this king who conducted two disastrous Crusades, being captured in the Seventh and dying of dysentery during the Eighth. | Louis the Ninth (or Saint Louis) |
| George Horton was the American Consul General in this city and wrote a book entitled “The Blight of Asia” about a disaster in this city. British admiral Osmond Brock led an evacuation of refugees out of this city, which was described in a short story by Ernest Hemingway. The Treaty of Sevres included a provision that this city could vote on whether to join Greece or the Ottoman Empire, however, Turkish nationalists invaded this city in 1922, leading to a namesake “Great Fire.” For ten points, name this historical Greek colony in western Anatolia which is now the site of Izmir. | Smyrna (accept Izmir before mentioned) |
| During the larger Greek Genocide, some Greeks fled to Smyrna from this Central Anatolian region. Three “Fathers” of the Orthodox Church hail from this region, which is known for its signature “fairy chimney” rock formations. | Cappadocia (accept Kapadokya; or Kappadokia) |
| Other than a clip involving Jim Carrey, the only video on the e7edit YouTube channel to have over one million views involves the repetition of this four word movie quote for ten hours. The character who speaks this quote notes how “in this life or next," he will avenge himself, and claims to be a “General of the Felix Legions.” Joaquin [[WAH-keen]] Phoenix played the character this quote was directed at, Commodus. Stated by Russell Crowe’s character in a Ridley Scott historical film, for ten points, what is this four-word quote from the movie Gladiator in which the protagonist identifies himself? | My name is Maximus Decimus Meridius, commander of the Armies of the North, General of the Felix Legions and loyal servant to the TRUE emperor, Marcus Aurelius. Father to a murdered son, husband to a murdered wife. And I will have my vengeance, in this life or the next. (accept as much of the answer as the answerer provides) |
| Claiming to be too old for the role, this man turned down the role of Maximus after starring as William Wallace in a 1990’s film. | Mel Gibson (or Mel Columcille Gerard Gibson) |
| During the late 1850s, this Scottish immigrant served as a joint premier in a British colony, allying with George Brown to grant that colony a full-fledged House of Commons. This Conservative politician introduced the Chinese Head Tax and ordered the execution of the North-West Rebellion's leader. This Prime Minister briefly lost power after a scandal in which his party took bribes during the construction of a transcontinental railroad. For ten points, name this first prime minister of Canada. | John Alexander Macdonald |
| Macdonald’s successor was this Liberal prime minister who established the Supreme Court of Canada. An earlier Scottish explorer with this same name accomplished the first crossing of the North American continent in 1793. | Alexander Mackenzie |
| This state signed the Treaty of Tudilén with Ramon Berenguer [[beh-REHN-gehr]] the Fourth in an effort to delineate conquests made against taifas [[tah-EE-fahs]] like Murcia and Valencia. The death of Alfonso the Ninth led to this kingdom absorbing Leon, and it names a European dialect of Spanish. Queen Isabella’s marriage to Ferdinand merged Aragon with, for ten points, what kingdom, the central state of modern Spain? | Kingdom of Castile (accept Castilian Spanish; do not accept "Spain"; prompt on "Asturias") |
| Ferdinand and Isabella’s daughter, Joanna the Mad, was pushed aside in favor of this Flanders-born son of hers, who would unite the Habsburg possessions with the Spanish Empire. | Charles the Fifth of the Holy Roman Empire (or Charles the First of Spain; accept “Carlos” or “Karl” for “Charles”) |
| This event occurred after its target objected to the promotion of its namesake, claiming that such a move would “give a fatal blow to the existence of the army.” That namesake of this event was recruited by Silas Deane after serving in France’s royal army. This event was sparked when William Alexander forwarded a letter to its target, and it resulted in its namesake fighting a duel with John Cadwalader. For ten points, name this “conspiracy” in which a handful of officers suggested Horatio Gates would be a better Commander in Chief than George Washington. | Conway Cabal |
| Following America’s defeat at the Battle of Camden, this general, who was a Quaker blacksmith before the war, replaced Conway Cabal subject Horatio Gates as commander of the Southern Department of the Continental Line. | Nathanael Greene |
| Conflict in Southeast Asia he escalated with the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution. | Vietnam War (accept Second Indochina War; accept clear knowledge equivalents) |
| Phrase he first used to describe his domestic agenda in a commencement address at the University of Michigan. | The Great Society |
| Concept against which he declared an "unconditional war" in his 1964 State of the Union Address. | Poverty (accept War on Poverty) |
| Major piece of legislation, the first of his term to defeat the Southern filibuster? | Civil Rights Act of 1964 (prompt by saying “I need the year” if given a partial answer) |
| Kennedy appointee who served as Secretary of Defense until 1968. | Robert McNamara (or Robert “Bob” Strange McNamara) |
| Secretary of state under both Kennedy and Johnson. | Dean Rusk (or David Dean Rusk) |
| Attorney general who stared down George Wallace in Tuscaloosa. | Nicholas Katzenbach (or Nicholas deBelleville Katzenbach) |
| First HUD secretary and first Black man to be named a cabinet secretary. | Robert C (lifton) Weaver Hundred Years’ War Regarding the Hundred Years’ War, name the… |
| Country against which England won the Battle of Agincourt [[ah-zheen-KOHR]]. | Kingdom of France |
| “Maiden of Orleans” who was burned at the stake during the war. | Joan of Arc (or Jean d’Arc) |
| English dynastic house whose Lancaster and York branches descended into open conflict immediately after the war. | House of Plantagenet |
| 1346 battle at which English and Welsh longbowmen proved superior to mercenary Genoese crossbowmen. | Battle of Crécy |
| Long-serving Prince of Wales whose early death made his son, the future Richard the Second, heir to the throne. | Edward the Black Prince (or Edward of Woodstock) |
| “Pale” in northern France that England secured in the Treaty of Bretigny [[breh-tin- YEE]]. | Pale of Calais [[kah-lay]] |
| Major naval battle of the war fought outside a Dutch port that saw nearly 20,000 Frenchmen killed. | Battle of Sluys [[SLOYS]] (or Battle of l’Ecluse) |
| French king in the war known as “the Victorious,” who came into conflict with his son, known as the “Universal Spider.” | Charles the Seventh |
| Wave of "Spring" protests that began after Mohamed Bouazizi's suicide. | Arab Spring |
| Ancient civilization, destroyed by Rome, based in modern Tunis. | Carthage (accept Carthaginians) |
| Ottoman special infantry units, four thousand members of which garrisoned in Tunis in the 16th century. | Janissaries |
| Turkic title used extensively by Tunisian rulers during the Husainid Dynasty. | Bey |
| 1943 battle in which American forces were soundly defeated by Erwin Rommel’s Afrika Korps. | Battle of Kasserine Pass |
| Second president of Tunisia who ruled from 1987 until the 2011 revolution. | Ben Ali (or Zine El Abidine Ben Ali; or Ezzine) |
| "Founder of Western Theology” and “Founder of Latin Christianity,” a Tunisian Christian gnostic who wrote Apologeticus. | Tertullian |
| Founder of modern Tunisia and president from 1957 to 1987. | Habib Bourguiba [[BOOR-gee-bah]] |
| Either Nathaniel Coffin Jr or Job Williams were responsible for a decisive attack on this place, whose namesake "Captain General" was the shoemaker Ebenezer Mackintosh. An effigy that read A.O, which stood for Andrew Oliver, was hung from this place, next to which a pole was established to summon gatherers upon the (+) raising of a flag. An engraving titled "A View of the Year 1765" which depicted this location was created by Paul Revere. In response to the Stamp Acts, Massachusetts colonists gathered at this (*) elm. For ten points, name this historic American tree. | Liberty Tree |
| After overthrowing the local and national assemblies, this man established the Council of State under Duan Qirui [[CHIH-rwee]]. This man’s tomb was looted by troops under Feng Yuxiang during the Northern Expedition, and this man’s popularity fell after he accepted the Twenty-One Demands from (+) Japan. The death of this man led to the start of the Warlord Era and the breakup of his Beiyang Army. (*) For ten points, name this Chinese general who briefly installed himself as Hongxian Emperor after the fall of the Qing Dynasty. | Yuan Shikai (prompt on partial answers; prompt on “Hongxian Emperor” before read) |
| This tenth of twelve children was born to an official named Nicolas serving in the Principality of Salm. In one effort, this man made use of projects undertaken by William Derham and Hevelius. Employed under the naval officer (+) Joseph-Nicolas Delisle [[deh-LILE]], this man made numerous observations from the Hôtel de Cluny. Nicknamed the "Ferret of Comets" by Louis the Fifteenth, this man created a compilation of over 100 clusters and (*) nebulae, including one in Orion numbered 42. For the point, identify this namesake of a catalogue of astronomical objects. | Charles Messier [[mess-YEH]] (accept Nicolas Messier; accept Messier objects; accept Messier catalog) |
| James Cable divided this concept into expressive, definitive, catalytic and purposeful types of force. One instance of this policy occurred after a Gibraltar-born merchant had his home attacked by a mob. In the aftermath of that 1850 incident involving the (+) Jewish Don Pacifico, this policy took the form of a blockade of Piraeus. Lord Palmerston's use of squadrons constituted the use of this policy, similar to Teddy Roosevelt's use of the (*) "Big Stick.” For ten points, name this form of diplomacy involving the showcasing of naval power. | gunboat diplomacy (accept gunboat after "diplomacy" is mentioned) |
| An unofficial rematch of this event led to an arrest warrant for one participant who violated sanctions imposed against Yugoslavia. One side telephoned the other to concede in this event, during which the other claimed to have been distracted by the (+) cameras that were being used during it. Multiple uses of the Ruy Lopez occurred during this event, which was held in Reykjavik. Involving a clash between the two highest rated (*) grandmasters, for ten points, name this match between the Soviet Union and United States' best chess players. | The Match of the Century (accept World Chess Championship 1972; accept descriptions of the chess match between Robert James “Bobby” Fischer and Boris [Vasilievich] Spassky) |
| In 1974, February 6th was made a public holiday to celebrate the anniversary of this treaty, which contributed to an ongoing debate over ownership of its central country’s foreshore and seabed. The first article of this treaty gave one side a grant of (+) "all rights and powers of sovereignty" while its third ensured the rights of British subjects be given to one group. William Hobson (*) helped draft this 1840 treaty negotiated with the rangatira chiefs. For ten points, name this treaty that the British signed with the Maori. | Treaty of Waitangi |
| From 1830 to 1831, one man of this surname presided over the Citizen King's Council of Ministers and Minister of Finances. That man with this surname headed the Bank of France and had the first name Jacques. (+) Another man with this surname was born on Saint-Domingue and came to be known as the "Terror of the Gulf." That man of this surname established a colony on Galveston Island and assisted Andrew (*) Jackson at the Battle of New Orleans. For ten points, give this surname of a French privateer named Jean. | Lafitte (or Laffite; or Laffitte; accept Jacques Laffitte; or Jean Lafitte) |
| In 1848, this man oversaw the bringing of the Liberty Party into the new Free Soil Party, for whom he wrote the election platform at the convention that nominated Martin van Buren. Rulings handed down under this man's court included Texas v. White, which nullified (+) the laws of all secessionist legislatures, and Hepburn v. Griswold, which found unconstitutional the Legal Tender Acts that this man had lobbied for in an earlier position. The Chief Justice from (*) 1864 to 1873 was, for ten points, what former Treasury Secretary under Abraham Lincoln and namesake of a major American bank? | Salmon P (ortland) Chase |
| The ability to use this object to ascend Ben Nevis led one man to make a bet with his son, and he won that bet in five days. Created shortly after the Curved Dash, this object's price fell below $300 after the completion of a plant at (+) Highland Park. Sometimes nicknamed "Tin Lizzie," the creator of this object claimed that it could be "painted any color... so long as it’s (*) black." A competitor to products designed by Oldsmobile, for ten points, what was this early mass-produced American car? | Ford Model T (prompt on "Ford"; prompt on "Tin Lizzie," "Leaping Lena," or "Flivver"; prompt on "automobile" and similar answers) |
| The Massachusetts-born nurseryman John Chapman became a legendary figure in the American Midwest for his prolific and eccentric life and is better-known today by this nickname. | Johnny Appleseed |