| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A bishop of Nin with this name was renowned for his opposition to the Papacy and for starting Croatian language mass. A Byzantine monk with this given name originated the idea of a distinction between God’s essence and energies and was given the epithet Palamas. Along with Basil of Caesarea, two men with this name are dubbed the Cappadocean Fathers. The first pope of this name is given the epithet “The Great” in recognition of his contribution to Catholic liturgy. For the point, give this name of a pope who commissioned and names the modern calendar that replaced the Julian one. | Gregory (or Gregorian) |
| The case Texas v. Johnson ruled that a man’s decision to burn this object was protected speech. Students were protected from being forced to salute this object in the case West Virginia v. Barnette. The first version of this object was legendarily created after George Washington handed a pencil sketch to Betsy Ross. The Pledge of Allegiance is dedicated to, for the point, what national symbol of the United States? | The flag of the United States of America |
| Rajendra Chola I led incursions into this modern nation’s Kingdom of Srivijaya, causing the Shailendra dynasty to fall. The VOC subjugated the Makassar Kingdom on Sulawesi while conquering this modern nation, establishing the capital of Batavia. This nation, once known as the Dutch East Indies, was under the control of “Guided Democracy” with Sukarno. For the point, name this Asian state with capital at Jakarta. | Republic of Indonesia |
| This figure encounters Bacchus disguised as a Moor before his travels in The Lusiads. According to Thome Lopes, this man looted a ship from Calicut that was en route to Mecca. This explorer sponsored by the House of Avis was the first European to round the Cape of Good Hope. For the point, name this Portuguese explorer who opened up Europe to trade in South Asia. | Vasco de Gama |
| In 2004, this country’s 201st Fighter Squadron was awarded the Philippine Medal of Honor for their role in combating the Japanese during World War II. During the Cold War, Communists were rooted out in this country by the United States-supported PRI government. This country, along with Canada and the United States, signed the North American Free Trade Agreement. Donald Trump has threatened to build a border wall between the United States and, for the point, what Spanish-speaking country? | Mexico |
| Shortly after the rise of the Landsknecht in this entity, Franz von Sickingen led the Knights’ Revolt in an attempt to found a noble republic here. The last leader of this entity, Francis II, disbanded it to be replaced by the Napoleonic puppet known as the Confederation of the Rhine. For the point, name this political entity largely made of German speaking principalities ruled by the Austrian Hapsburgs. | Holy Roman Empire |
| In the autobiography Music is my Mistress, this musician wrote about writing the song “Soda Fountain Rag” by ear. Teddy Roosevelt was known to ride up on his horse to watch this musician play baseball as a child. This musician’s most famous composition is “It Don’t Mean a Thing (If It Ain’t Got That Swing).” For the point, name this jazz pianist who popularized “Take the A Train.” | Duke Ellington |
| In one speech, this man declared he would “rather be right than President.” This Whig Party leader called for investments in infrastructure and protective tariffs in his American System. John C. Calhoun and Daniel Webster formed a “Great Triumvirate” with this man, who unsuccessfully ran for president 5 times. For the point, name this Kentucky politician known as the “Great Compromiser.” | Henry Clay |
| President Truman devised the Golden Gimmick with this nation as a tax break for the oil company ARAMCO. In this modern nation, the last major battle where camels were used occurred at the Battle of Sabila. A king from this nation took control over the regions of Hejaz and Nejd in the Treaty of Jeddah signed with the UK. For the point, name this monarchy ruled by the Saud family. | Kingdom of Saudi Arabia |
| One festival dedicated to this deity was celebrated with a hippo hunt, because hippos were sacred to this deity’s enemy. In a stone boat race with that enemy, this deity painted his wooden boat to look like a stone. After this god’s father was ripped apart by Set, this god’s mother reassembled the body. For the point, name this falcon headed Egyptian god, the son of Osiris and Isis. | Horus |
| The namesake of this city temporarily controlled the port of Avalon until it was seized by David Kirke. Union soldiers en route to Washington DC killed Confederate sympathizers in this city as part of the Pratt Street Riots. In this city, the valiant defense of Fort McHenry inspired Francis Scott Key to write the “Star Spangled Banner.” During the War of 1812, British soldiers invaded, for the point, what largest city in Maryland | Baltimore |
| One of these devices that could measure longitude aboard a ship was designed by John Harrison. The first one of these devices to be run on water power was designed by Ibn Khalaf al-Muradi and was the first of these devices to use a complex gear train. Christiaan Huygens was the first to incorporate pendulums into the design of these devices. For the point, name these devices used to keep time. | clocks (or timepieces; do not accept or prompt on watches) |
| This event inspired a similarly named event in Annapolis in which the Peggy Stewart was burned. A meeting at the Old South Meeting House preceded this event, which led to the passage of the Intolerable Acts. Protesters, some who dressed up as Mohawk warriors, boarded three ships in this event. For the point, name this event in which the Sons of Liberty threw crates of a certain commodity into a harbor in Massachusetts. | Boston Tea Party |
| This monarch used consanguinity to annul his marriage to Isabella of Gloucester and steal her lands. Robert FitzWalter led the Army of God and Holy Church against this monarch during the Barons’ War. This king begrudgingly signed a 13th century document at Runnymede along the river Thames. For the point, name this signer of the Magna Carta, a brother of Richard the Lionheart. | John I [Accept John Lackland] |
| This monarch forced his regent Bairam Khan on a death hajj, having Khan assassinated while en route to Mecca. The Hazarduari Palace hosts the biography of this monarch written by Abu’l-Fazl ibn Mubarak, one of the Nine Jewels of the Indian court. This king introduced the syncretic Din-i Ilahi, a mixture of both Islam and Hinduism. For the point, name this “Great” Mughal emperor, the grandson of Babur the Tiger. | Akbar the Great |
| This event was investigated by the Roberts Commission, which determined that Husband Kimmel was guilty of dereliction of duty. Most of the planes at Wheeler Airfield were destroyed during this event. A Franklin Roosevelt speech labelled the day of this event as a “date that will live in infamy.” Japan carried out, for the point, what December 7, 1941 attack on a naval base in Hawaii? | attack on Pearl Harbor |
| This author presented a fictionalized account of the USS Quaker City’s post-Civil War use in his travel book The Innocents Abroad. This author described his time traveling the American West in his semi-autobiographical work, Roughing It. Characters created by this author include Becky Thatcher, Widow Douglas, and the slave Jim. For the point, name this American author, who depicted life along the Mississippi River in novels such as Tom Sawyer. | Mark Twain (or Samuel Clemens) |
| Isadore of Seville claimed there were four forms of this language, with the earliest known as the Priscus. Many popular reforms like debtor relief were written in the Twelve Tables in this language. The “Vulgate” form of this language morphed into early forms of Portuguese, French, Spanish and other European tongues. For the point, name this language of the Romans. | Latin [Accept Old Latin or Vulgar Latin] |
| In what is now this state, forces under Tecumseh assisted British soldiers in massacring American troops in the Battle of River Raisin. William Hull surrendered a fort in this modern-day state to Isaac Brock. Andrew Holmes died in this modern-day state during the War of 1812 after clashing with British forces on Mackinac [mack-i-naw] Island. For the point, name this modern-day state where American forces surrendered Detroit. | Michigan |
| This war began after one power ignored the Thirty Years Peace and assisted the colony of Corcyra at Sybota. During this war, Alcibiades switched sides after abandoning the doomed Sicilian Expedition. The sinking of the Delian League’s fleet at Aegospotami effectively ended this conflict. For the point, name this conflict between city-states Athens and Sparta and their respective allies. | Peloponnesian War |
| John N. Mitchell was convicted of perjury for lying during an investigation into this event. As part of the scandal following this event, multiple attorney generals resigned rather than fire Archibald Cox as part of the “Saturday Night Massacre.” Members of the Committee for the Re-election of the President sparked this event by breaking into offices at the namesake hotel. For the point, name this break-in and subsequent scandal that led to the resignation of Richard Nixon. | Watergate |
| The construction of one of these structures led to the creation of Hell on Wheels towns. A fraudulent company was created to inflate construction costs for one of these structures in the Credit Mobilier scandal. A golden spike in Promontory, Utah marks the completion of the first Transcontinental one of these structures. For the point, name these infrastructure projects used by trains. | railroads (accept railways) |
| Khioniya Guseva stabbed this man in the stomach after reading about him in the paper and believing him to be the anti-Christ. This figure survived an attempted poisoning via cyanide, a shot to the chest, but then succumbed to a second shot. This man entered the retinue of the Romanov family for his ability to “cure” Alexei’s hemophilia. For the point, name this Siberian mystic of Imperial Russia. | Grigori Rasputin |
| On the flat coastal plains of this island is the ancestral homeland of Siraya, an Austronesian group of people that may have emigrated from Sunda. The Zheng family, a group of Ming Loyalists, held out for forty years in this island until supplanted by Qing forces. The Kuomintang of Chang Kai-shek fled to this island and set up the Republic of China. For the point, name this island with the city of Taipei. | Taiwan |
| In 1983, the May 19th Communist Coalition attempted to bomb this building to protest American involvement in Lebanon. Preston Brooks brutally caned Charles Sumner in the aftermath of a speech in this building. The United States’ bicameral legislature occupies the North and South wings of this building. For the point, name this building in Washington DC, the home of the House of Representatives and the Senate. | United States Capitol Building |
| A type of this animal named the Boll Weevil has been a historical pest to cotton growers. During the Middle Kingdom, amulets of these animals were popularly used in the worship of Khepri. The larva of the goliath one of these animals is the heaviest known insect on Earth. One type of these insects that eats aphids is the lady bug. For the point, name this group of insects from the order Coleoptera, which are distinguished by their hard wing casings. | beetle (or scarab; prompt on “insect” or “bug”) |