| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| This man led a faction to support allies in municipal positions called the Political Education Project. This man won a narrow general election over Bernard Epton, the first Republican after 1927 to surpass 46 (+) percent of the vote for the office this man won. This man unseated incumbent Jane Byrne in a primary and was opposed by the "Vrdolyak [[vur-DOH-lee-yak]] 29" bloc in the "Council Wars." (*) For the points, name this politician who suddenly died in 1987 after four years as the first Black mayor of Chicago. | Harold Washington (or Harold Lee Washington) |
| A nativist contingent during this period of unrest sacked the offices of the German-language Daily Wecker [[VEK-uh]] at Turner Hall. Local editor, Frank Key Howard, was arrested in the wake of this event after he criticized the president's suspension of the writ of habeas corpus. (+) Militia from Massachusetts and Pennsylvania, en route to the U.S. capital, put down this event, known as the "First Bloodshed of the Civil War." Anti-war "Copperhead" Democrats from (*) Maryland spearheaded, for the points, what riot in Baltimore, which occurred on a namesake causeway? | Pratt Street Riots (accept Baltimore Riot of 1861 before mentioned) |
| This man left the firm Skidmore, Owings, and Merrill in 2006 after nearly 40 years, stating that he was probably better known in China than in his hometown of Chicago. This architect of the Wuhan Greenland Center also designed the Central Park Tower, the second-tallest building in New York. One building designed by this man is notably not connected (+) to a sewer system and uses a fleet of trucks to remove human waste. The designer of the unfinished Jeddah (*) Tower, for the points, who is this American architect who also designed the world's tallest building, the Burj Kalifa? | Adrian Smith (or Adrian D. Smith) |
| The alleged father of this woman was one of many white indentured servants at Colonel John Mottram’s plantation, Coan Hall. Before the death of this mixed-race woman’s alleged father, she was placed in the custody of Humphrey Higginson until her fifteenth birthday. (+) However, Higginson sold this woman back to Mottram in the colony of Virginia. With her husband, William Grinstead, (*) acting as her lawyer, for the points, who was this enslaved woman who sued for, and won, her freedom and that of her infant son? | Elizabeth Key Grinstead (or Greenstead; accept Elizabeth Key Grinstead before "Grinstead" is mentioned) |
| One book by an author of this surname spawned over 100 "namesake Nationalist Clubs" and was followed up by the sequel Equality. In that novel by an author with this surname, Julian West sleeps for 113 years, waking up to find a Boston in which everyone eats at public kitchens (+) and retires at 45 years of age. Shared by socialist cousins and authors, including the author of the Pledge of Allegiance, (*) Francis, for the points, what is this last name of the author of the utopian Gilded Age novel Looking Backward, Edward? | Bellamy (accept Edward Bellamy; accept Francis Julius Bellamy) |
| The sponsors of this bill were the House Foreign Affairs Committee chairman who denounced the French intervention in Mexico and the senator who would have become president if Andrew Johnson’s impeachment trial was successful. This bill required an “Ironclad (+) Oath” of 50 percent of the male population of each state and a total abolition of slavery. Passed by Congress but refused by Abraham (*) Lincoln, for the points, what was this proposal for the post-Civil War South? | Wade-Davis Bill |
| This man penned the lyrics, "In Freedom we're born, and in Freedom we'll live" in a Revolutionary War tune titled "The Liberty Song." While a member of the First Continental Congress, this Founding Father drafted most of the 1774 Petition to the King, (+) and this man was the principle writer of the Olive Branch Petition in 1775. Known as the "Penman of the Revolution," (*) for the points, what man was renowned for his twelve Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania? | John Dickinson |
| The author of this work was described by Theodore Roosevelt as the “best American I ever knew” and the “most useful citizen,” after the two collaborated for years on police reform. After the publication of this work, Mulberry Bend was demolished and replaced with a park. (+) This work inspired the development of a committee which published the Tenement House Act. An 1890 exposé [[ek-spoh- SEH]] by Jacob (*) Riis [[REESE]], for the points, what is this work which documents the horrific living and working conditions within the slums of New York? | How the Other Half Lives: Studies among the Tenements of New York |
| During the Revolutionary War, this man's residence, Belvedere, was burned by British troops. The earliest U.S. secretary of foreign affairs was this man, who, along with Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, and Roger Sherman, was a member of the Committee of (+) Five. In April 1789, this man administered the oath of office during the inauguration of George Washington. Known as "The Chancellor" as he was the first chancellor of (*) New York, for the points, what Founding Father shared his name with his father, known as "The Judge"? | Robert R (obert) Livingston |
| Early attempts to skirt this law involved Taiwan and were coordinated by John Singlaub. The second law of this name attempted to strengthen its provisions by removing an "intent" loophole, in response to rocket attacks which blew up oil storage tanks, devastating the port area of Corinto. (+) Laws of this name, introduced by a Massachusetts Democratic congressman, were violated by a scheme headed by John Poindexter and Oliver North involving (*) arms sales to Iran. For the points, give this common name of three 1980s amendments prohibiting the U.S. from assisting the Nicaraguan Contras. | Boland Amendment (s) (accept Edward Patrick Boland) |
| This senator led the Subcommittee on Juvenile Delinquency, which primarily focused on comic books. This senator interviewed Meyer Lansky and Frank Costello for a namesake subcommittee, which exposed the existence and the role of the mafia (+) to the average American. This chair of the Antitrust and Monopoly Subcommittee prompted Truman to withdraw from the 1952 election after beating him in New Hampshire and ran as Adlai Stevenson’s running mate in 1956. Spending a decade as the senior senator from the same state as Al (*) Gore Sr., for the points, who was this Democratic senator from Tennessee? | Estes Kefauver [[KEE-fah-ver]] (or Carey Estes Kefauver; accept Kefauver Committee; be lenient on pronuncation) |
| From 1948 to 1949 this entity was led by Charles W. Thayer. WIllis Conover became the longtime host of a jazz program that this entity initiated in 1955 despite opposition from Congress. Section 501(a) of the Smith-Mundt Act prohibited the domestic propagation of certain information created by this entity for audiences (+) abroad. The U.S. Agency for Global Media oversees this entity which has delivered content in nearly 50 (*) languages from its headquarters in Washington D.C. For the points, name this state-owned broadcaster of the U.S. | Voice of America (accept VOA) |
| Cal Tinney coined the name for this event, which closely coincided with the retirement of Willis Van Devanter. This event is often seen as having brought about the end of the Lochner era, which was characterized by de-regulation. The central figure in this event often acted independently of the Three Musketeers (+) and the Four Horsemen but sided with the latter in finding a state minimum wage law constitutional. Often viewed as an attempt to undermine the court-reform bill of FDR, (*) for the points, what was this event, with a six-word name, in which Owen Roberts made a notable change in voting? | Switch in time that saved nine (accept Owen Roberts vote in West Coast Hotel v. Parrish and similar answers before "Roberts" is mentioned; prompt on partial answers) |
| Six divisions of infantry under this man, casualties of which included officers such as Patrick Cleburne, occurred at a battle known as "Pickett's Charge of the West." This Kentucky native broke through an enemy line at Gaines' Mill while commanding the (+) Texas Brigade. This man lost the functionality in his left arm after a wound at Gettysburg, and this man's instructor at West Point, George Thomas, defeated him during a Tennessee battle. Defeated at the Battles of Franklin (*) and Nashville, for the points, who was this Confederate general? | John Bell Hood |
| Alexander Haig spent a month pressing for this document by pointing out a mutual interest in opposing border incursions from the Soviet Union. Qiao Guanhua [[chee-OW GWAHN-HWAH]] agreed to remove all mention of treaties from this document when negotiating with (+) Henry Kissinger. The use of the word "acknowledge" in lieu of "accept" in this document is considered a classic example of "constructive ambiguity." (*) A February 1972 effort by the U.S. and China to work towards diplomatic relations, for the points, what is this document? | Shanghai Communiqué (or Joint Communiqué of the United States of America and the People's Republic of China; prompt on partial answers) |
| A bench in Washington Park contains a quote from this man saying: "Portlanders understand and appreciate how differently beautiful is this part of the world." This man first gained prominence through his coverage of the Mexican Revolution for Metropolitan. This man who covered World War I for the (+) socialist magazine The Masses was portrayed in the 1982 film Reds by Warren Beatty. (*) For the points, name this American activist and journalist, best known for his coverage of the October Revolution in Ten Days that Shook the World. | John Reed (or John "Jack" Silas Reed) |
| A 2012 Modernization Act updated penalties for violations of this act, which originated after an inconclusive investigation led by Morris Sheppard. A senator from New Mexico lends his name to this act, which includes a clause prohibiting "any active part" in one practice. (+) United Public Workers v. Mitchell found that the Constitution was not violated by this act, which was created in response to the growing power of the WPA. Prohibiting forms of political (*) activity by members of the civil service, for the points, what is this 1939 act? | Hatch Act (accept An Act to Prevent Pernicious Political Activities; accept Carl Atwood Hatch) |
| This politician's novel Deliver Us From Evil is framed around the death of an IRA informer. This man’s dislike for Ted Cruz was summed up in his statement that he would “take cyanide if [Cruz] ever got the [Republican] nomination.” This man once claimed that “there are too many mosques” (+) in America and oversaw a set of radicalization hearings regarding Islam. This onetime chair of the House Homeland Security Committee represented South Shore Long Island (*) during his 1993 to 2021 tenure. For the points, name this New York congressman who retired in 2020? | Peter King (or Peter Thomas King) |
| This inventor of the lambda calculus used it to prove that Peano [[peh-AH- noh]] arithmetic is undecidable, and this founding editor of the Journal of Symbolic Logic edited its reviews section for more than forty years. This man's namesake theorem proves that the (+) Entscheidungsproblem [[ent-SHY-doongs-"problem"]] is undecidable. A father of computer science who articulated a thesis about the nature of computable functions with one of his students, (*) for the points, who was this man, under whom Alan Turing studied? | Alonzo Church (accept Church's Theorem; accept Church-Turing thesis) |
| In response to this event, Nelson J. O'Shaughnessy claimed that one man might take military action to "uphold... national dignity." Henry Mayo ordered a 21-gun salute to be fired during this event, which was refused on the grounds that Ignacio Morelos Zaragoza (+) had apologized. Victoriano Huerta's refusal of terms, brought about during this event, led to the occupation of Veracruz by American forces. Arising after American sailors on a whaleboat (*) were removed at gunpoint, for the points, what was this 1914 event which arose in a namesake city in Mexico? | Tampico Affair |
| This Vermont politician replaced fellow Republican Thaddeus Stevens as the chairman of the House Ways and Means Committee and filled that position until moving to the Senate in 1867. In reaction against Mormonism, this politician sponsored an eponymous act banning (+) polygamy in U.S. territories. The secession of Southern states allowed this politician to push through a protective tariff revising the Tariff of 1857. Sponsoring namesake (*) land-grant college acts in 1862 and 1890, for the points, who was this politician? | Justin Smith Morrill (accept Morrill Land-Grant Acts; accept Morrill Act of 1862; accept Morrill Act of 1890) |
| Five years after this act was signed into law, a set of its provisions was tested in the Supreme Court case United States v. Johnson. Harvey Wiley was a chemist who advocated the passage of this act. In describing a (+) work that inspired this and a similar act, the statement "I aimed at the public's heart and by accident I hit it in the stomach" was said by (*) Upton Sinclair. Signed into law alongside an act dealing with meat inspection, for the points, what was this 1906 act that led to the creation to the FDA? | Pure Food and Drug Act [of 1906] |
| The line "we shall stand by you with a devotion that no foreigner can approach" appears in this speech, whose orator became referred to as the "Great Accommodator" by one group. The central figure urges audiences to do one action "in agriculture, mechanics... and in the professions" before claiming that "Nearly sixteen millions of hands will aid you in pulling". Delivered in (+) 1895 at the Cotton States and International Exposition, this speech urges audiences to "cast (*) down your bucket where you are." For the points, name this speech by Booker T. Washington. | "Atlanta Compromise" Speech (accept Booker T[aliaferro] Washington's speech at the Cotton States and International Exposition; prompt on partial answer) |
| At UCLA, this man published his doctoral dissertation The Immediate Successors of Justinian. This man, who collaborated with Judith Tarr to write Household Gods, also co-wrote a work on Anglo-American relations, along with actor Richard Dreyfuss, (+) titled The Two Georges. One book series by this man starts when Union forces do not intercept Special Order 191 from Robert E. Lee. Known for his Crosstime Traffic, Southern Victory, and (*) Worldwar series, for the points, who is this "master of alternate history"? | Harry Turtledove (or Harry Norman Turtledove) |
| One leader of this group, Lazarus Stewart, was killed during the Battle of Wyoming. This group marched on a certain legislature but left when they were promised a hearing by Benjamin Franklin. The Susquehannock were targeted during the Conestoga Massacre (+) by members of this group, who lived in the hills of Lancaster County and in other areas on one state's border with Native American lands. Engaging in vigilantism in colonial (*) Pennsylvania, for the points, what was this group of colonists? | Paxton Boys (prompt on partial answers) |
| Patrick Hurley maneuvered successfully to have this person replaced by Albert Wedemeyer. This person embraced the broken Latin motto, “Illegitimi non carborundum.” This person disagreed with General Claire Lee Chennault [[sheh- NAHLT]] about how best to respond to the (+) Japanese invasion of China. This person led a retreat from Burma to Assam, India, and Barbara Tuchman wrote a Pulitzer- winning book that prominently featured this person, who was (*) referenced in the book’s title. For the points, name this person, known as “Vinegar Joe." | Joseph "Vinegar Joe" Stilwell (or Joseph Warren Stilwell; accept Stilwell and the American Experience in China, 1911–45) |
| An 1818 account by Henry Dearborn accused this then-deceased leader of "Cowardly leadership" in an effort to bolster his own run for Massachusetts governor. This man was brought in front of a military tribunal after he and Aaron Burr gave up both Fort (+) Montgomery and Fort Clinton to the British. This man is given credit for heavily fortifying Breed's Hill during a 1775 battle in Boston. Serving alongside William Prescott, (*) for the points, what Patriot commander at the Battle of Bunker Hill may have said, "Don't fire until you see the whites of their eyes"? | Israel Putnam (prompt on "Old Put") |
| This artist stated his belief that his most common genre was "the representation of the work of God in the visible creation" in his "Letters on Landscape Painting." This man worked in other modes such as his portrait of Luman Reed, a frequent patron of this artist. Many of this man's (+) landscapes depict small humans and suggest philosophical themes with titles such as Progress and The First Harvest in the Wilderness. Depicting William Cullen Bryant (*) and Thomas Cole in Kindred Spirits, for the points, who was this member of the Hudson River School? | Asher Brown Durand |
| The businessman Ted Barth partnered with the designer of this item, a Dutch- American engineer who developed its prototype while visiting his mother in Zurich. Mark Fifteen was another name for this item which military men sometimes called "the football." Consisting of various mirrors and affixed to a gyroscope, this item was (+) developed to pinpoint certain targets from a six-mile altitude aboard vehicles like the B-29 Superfortress. (*) Used on aircraft from World War Two through Vietnam, for the points, what was this item used for accurately dropping payloads? | Norden bombsight (accept Norden Mark Fifteen before mentioned, prompt after; accept Norden M series; accept clear-knowledge equivalents and descriptions for "bombsight") |
| This co-founder of Mammoth Biosciences discovered the unusual method by which hepatitis C synthesizes viral proteins. This scientist discovered that method while working on her most famous breakthrough involving a protein from the bacteria Streptococcus. This co-author of the memoir A Crack in Creation crystallized and determined the 3D structure of the Tetrahymena Group I (+) ribozyme at Yale University. The 2020 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Emmanuelle Charpentier and, (*) for the points, what American biochemist who pioneered the use of the gene-editing technology CRISPR? | Jennifer Doudna |
| To prevent the destruction of this document, James Bourne Ayer moved the building in which it was signed, which was later restored by William Morris Hunt. Introduced by Joseph Warren, the signing of this document was preceded by a meeting at Faneuil [[FAN-yoo-ul]] (+) Hall. This document's endorsement by the First Continental Congress was described as "one of the happiest days of my life" by John Adams. Civil disobedience toward the Boston Port Bill (*) was among the provisions of, for the points, what 1774 "resolves," through which a namesake county denounced the Intolerable Acts? | Suffolk Resolves |
| One of this man's subjects, a Nazi collaborator who had been punished with the loss of her hair, was shown in The Shaved Woman of Chartres [[SHAHRT]]. A representative of the FIJL, who participated in the Cerro Muriano, was the subject of one photograph (+) by this man, only eleven of whose photographs from a collection focusing on D-Day survived. That subject was photographed by this man wearing a cartridge belt during a Spanish Civil War engagement in which he is said to be "at the (*) Moment of Death." For the points, name this Hungarian-American photographer of The Falling Soldier. | Robert Capa (or Endre Ernő Friedmann) |
| This person was a member of the laissez-faire “Bourbon” faction of his party when he was elected president. Many Mugwumps from the opposing party supported this person’s candidacy due to his anti-corruption credentials, but a panic at the start of this man's second term (+) dealt a major blow to him and his party. This person was one of three to win the majority of popular votes in three consecutive (*) presidential elections. For the points, name this man who served two non-consecutive presidential terms. | Grover Cleveland (or Stephen Grover Cleveland) |
| Art made by this group frequently includes nature-inspired double-curve motifs. This group is known for their sweetgrass and ash splint baskets, which are still made in Presque Isle, Indian Island, and other reservations belonging to this group. Chief Gray Lock and Chief Paugus (+) led this alliance of Algonquian-speaking peoples during Dummer's War. Made up of the Maliseet, Mi'kmaq, Penobscot, Passamaquoddy, and (*) Abenaki, for the points, what is this confederacy of indigenous peoples in New England and Maritime Canada? | Wabanaki Confederacy |
| This composer’s early works were directly inspired by minimalism, including his piano works China Gates and Phrygian Gates. This composer won the 2003 Pulitzer Prize for music for a piece for orchestra, chorus, children’s choir, and pre- recorded soundtrack, titled (+) On the Transmigration of Souls and reflecting on the September 11th attacks. With noted operas centering on historical events (*) in U.S. history, for the points, who is this American composer of The Death of Klinghoffer and Nixon in China? | John Adams (or John Coolidge Adams) |
| A person from this state, whom Nikita Khrushchev [[KROO-shoff]] dubbed “the devil in disguise of a woman," denounced McCarthyism in the “Declaration of Conscience” speech. In addition to Margaret Chase Smith, senators who served this state included the running mate of Hubert Humphrey, (+) Edmund Muskie, and Abraham Lincoln’s first vice-president, Hannibal Hamlin. Another politician who served this state was the leader of the Half-Breeds and lost to Grover Cleveland in the 1884 presidential election. According to a (*) rhyme, James G. Blaine was the "continental liar" from, for the points, what New England state? | Maine |
| This man facilitated the Washington Conference, leading to the Five-Power Naval Limitation Treaty, and this man notably promised a "return to normalcy" during one campaign. In 1921, this man's secretary of the interior, Albert (+) Fall, leased Navy-owned petroleum without a competitive bidding process in what became known as the (*) Teapot Dome Scandal. For the points, name this man who served as the 29th U.S. president from 1921 until his death from a heart attack in 1923. | Warren G (amaliel) Harding |
| A person involved in this event was described as having a "look [that] was enough to terrify any person." James Bowdoin wrote a Short Narrative... about this event, which is known in one country as the Incident on King Street. Paul (+) Revere created an engraving of this event, whose perpetrators were defended by John Adams. Five colonists were killed (*) during this event, including Crispus Attucks. For the points, name this 1770 incident in which British soldiers fired on protestors. | Boston Massacre (accept Incident on King Street before mentioned) |