| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The basis for this state came after colonial governor Benning Wentworth issued controversial land grants. This state was the first to abolish slavery in its borders, and during the War for Independence, this state enlisted William Samuel Johnson to represent its interests, along with those of his own state. In the Haldimand Affair, representatives of this state flirted with returning to the British Empire. For the point, name this state which existed as an independent republic from 1777 to 1791. | Vermont (accept Vermont Republic) |
| This author analyzed the growing inequality gap and social mobility, in the context of rich, middle-class, and poor students, in his book Our Kids. This theorist conducted a case study of twenty regional Italian governments in Making Democracy Work. This political scientist described the dissolution of the Pennsylvania Bridge Club and the Little Rock Sertoma Club in a book that traces a decline in social capital. For the point, name this Harvard political scientist who wrote Bowling Alone. | Robert D (avid) Putnam |
| Chauncey Goodrich and James Hillhouse were among the seven delegates to this event representing the state in which it was held. Discussions of abolishing the three-fifths compromise were held at this event, which was preceded by the denunciation of an allegedly "odious and disastrous war." Harrison Gray Otis was among the primary leaders of this 1814 to 1815 event which discussed the secession of New England. For the point, name this convention held by the Federalist Party in Connecticut. | Hartford Convention |
| This woman rose to prominence when she headed a project to bring a 16-mile waterline to the residents of Bell, Oklahoma, a majority of whom were Native American. In 1998, this woman received the U.S. Medal of Freedom, from President Bill Clinton, for her service to a particular "nation." An activist who supported the 1964 occupation of Alcatraz and the Pit River tribe compensation claims, for the point, who was this person, the first female principal chief of the Cherokee Nation? | Wilma Mankiller (or Wilma Pearl Mankiller) |
| This figure co-wrote a pair of books with Hamilton Fish Armstrong regarding U.S. neutrality before writing a 1947 text about Germany’s “underground.” This figure headed one organization which led the 1954 coup in Guatemala, and this man sent Kermit Roosevelt to destabilize the government of Iran. This figure resigned from one post after his agency failed at the Bay of Pigs. For the point, name this longest-serving CIA director, whose older brother, John, was Eisenhower’s secretary of state. | Allen Dulles [[DULL-ess]] (or Allen Welsh Dulles; prompt on "Dulles") |
| A regional museum in this woman's hometown, Atlanta, Texas, includes a yellow Curtiss JN-4 Jenny which shares this woman's nickname. This woman attempted to gain a license in the United States but was forced to move to France due to racial discrimination. Beginning in 1920, this woman studied at the Caudron Brothers School in Le Crotoy, France, operating the Nieuport 82 dual-controlled trainer. For the point, name this woman who was both the first African-American and the first Native American to have a pilot’s license. | Bessie Coleman (or Elizabeth Coleman) |
| This figure taught John Milton the Dutch language in exchange for some Hebrew lessons. This figure’s A Key into the Language of America was the first English book published about Native American languages, focusing mainly on Narragansett. This figure accepted Anne Hutchinson into his colony after they were both expelled from Massachusetts. For the point, name this man who founded both the First Baptist Church in America and the Providence Plantations colony, which became Rhode Island. | Roger Williams |
| William Silber claimed that the first of these pieces resulted in a "remarkable turnaround in the public's confidence." The "Reorganization of the Judiciary" and the Emergency Banking Act were among the subjects of these pieces, one of which was titled for the "Arsenal of Democracy." 58 percent of the audience of a certain medium tuned in for these pieces during the Second World War. For the point, name these radio broadcasts, delivered by Franklin Delano Roosevelt. | Fireside chats (prompt on "speeches by Franklin Delano Roosevelt" or "speeches by FDR" or "broadcasts by FDR" or similar answers) |
| This treaty led one country to break ties with a fellow republic to which it had pledged perpetual alliance two decades earlier, eventually leading the two countries to the brink of war. In one of this treaty’s signatory countries, the party out of power tried to wield the "power of the purse" to prevent its implementation. This treaty’s namesake claimed that he could cross the country by the light of his burning effigies. For the point, name this treaty, which compelled Britain to abandon its forts in the United States. | Jay Treaty (or Treaty of Amity, Commerce, and Navigation, Between His Britannic Majesty and the United States of America; accept John Jay) |
| Nancy Pelosi said that this politician “carried the torch for Congress and the American people” during a 2012 floor speech. In a 1987 interview, this politician said, “No question… Ronald Reagan was the worst U.S. president.” The book How the Good Guys Finally Won details how this man orchestrated Richard Nixon’s impeachment. This man won the vacated seat left by John F. Kennedy as U.S. representative from Massachusetts, a position he kept for over thirty years. For the point, what Democrat was Speaker of the House from 1977 to 1987? | Tip O’Neill (or Thomas Phillip O’Neill Jr.) |
| This artist drew from Jerry Grandenetti's war-themed "Wingmate of Doom" for his painting, As I Opened Fire. This artist depicted "a scarred German submarine captain at a battle station" in his 1963 work, Torpedo…Los!. The title of one of this artist’s paintings is displayed in bold yellow text in front of an exploding fighter jet, taking inspiration from this man's time fighting in World War Two. For the point, name this Pop artist, whose comic book style is seen in works such as Whaam!. | Roy Lichtenstein (or Roy Fox Lichtenstein) |
| The Tennessee Supreme Court ruled against this person in a suit regarding the discriminatory practices of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad. A mob destroyed the office of this person’s newspaper, Free Speech and Headlight. This person attended Fisk University and wrote articles against racial inequality under the penname “Iola.” The fate of Thomas Moss, owner of the People’s Grocery, inspired a noted campaign by, for the point, what woman, a leading opponent of lynching? | Ida B (ell) Wells (or Ida Bell Wells-Barnett) |
| This event resulted in the cancellation of official celebrations for a submarine circumnavigation known as Operation Sandblast. This event resulted in a successful negotiation being carried out by James B. Donovan. Sergei Safronov was killed by friendly fire during this event, one member of which was the subject of a prisoner exchange for Rudolf Abel. Resulting in Francis Gary Powers crash landing near Sverdlovsk, for the point, what was this 1960 incident in which a U.S. reconnaissance plane was shot down by the Soviet Union? | 1960 U-2 incident (accept descriptive answers including Francis Gary Powers being shot down before mentioned) |
| This woman’s concept of “death-by-indirection” inspired Rob Nixon’s ideas regarding "slow violence." This woman first came to prominence with the Sea Trilogy, which includes Under the Sea Wind, The Edge of the Sea, and The Sea Around Us. Another book by this woman brought the impact of pesticides like DDT on bird populations to public attention. For the point, name this American conservationist, the author of Silent Spring. | Rachel Carson (or Rachel Louise Carson) |
| This person was offered the ambassadorship to the United Kingdom, a role to which Andrew Jackson had previously named him, after a surprise loss in the 1844 Democratic primaries. The leader of a New York political machine called the Holy Alliance, this man was accused of having a "gold spoon" and succeeded John C. Calhoun as vice president. The Panic of 1837 marred the administration of, for the point, what U.S. president, the only one to grow up speaking a language other than English? | Martin Van Buren |
| Along with a future major party presidential nominee, this man was the only member of the Keating Five to run for re-election to the U.S. Senate after news of the allegations broke. At 77 years old, this former lieutenant colonel served as a payload specialist on a 1998 Discovery mission. One of this man's most noted accomplishments came aboard Friendship 7. Completing three revolutions during a 1962 mission was, for the point, what first American to orbit the Earth? | John Glenn (or John Herschel Glenn Jr.) |
| This novel made its author the first African-American to win the U.S. National Book Award for Fiction. The main character of this novel finds himself in trouble with both a movement known as the Brotherhood and a nationalist named Ras the Exhorter. From a basement, festooned with lights powered by stolen electricity, this novel's unnamed narrator reflects on society's inability to fully see him. For the point, name this novel, the only one written by Ralph Ellison to be published during his lifetime. | Invisible Man (do not accept or prompt on "The Invisible Man") |
| Description acceptable. Reading this document was a tradition for both houses of Congress after 1862, but the House abandoned this tradition in 1984. The secretary of the Senate keeps a black book that lists all the senators who are chosen to read this document. In this letter, its speaker asks, “Is there a doubt whether a common government can embrace so large a sphere?” before remarking, “Let experience solve it.” Addressing a decline to seek a third term, for the point, what 1796 "address" was delivered by the first president of the United States? | George Washington’s Farewell Address (or The Address of Gen. Washington to the people on His Declining the Presidency of the United States; accept equivalents to George Washington’s retirement speech) |
| This athlete appeared in dozens of films, mostly westerns, including John Ford's Wagon Master. This outfielder was the biggest celebrity during a 1913 baseball world tour with the New York Giants. The first president of the American Professional Football Association, this man was the earliest player inducted with the inaugural class of the Pro Football Hall of Fame. For the point, who was this member of the Sac and Fox Nation, an Olympian considered by many to be the greatest athlete of the early 20th century? | Jim Thorpe (or James Francis Thorpe) |
| Lloyd J. Beall led this organization throughout its existence after being appointed to lead it by Stephen Mallory. Fort Darling, on Drewry's Bluff in Virginia, served as the primary camp of instruction for this organization. While working as a member of this organization in 1864, Thomas Pelot boarded and captured the USS Water Witch in Ossabaw Sound. For the point, name this organization whose flag included the letter "M" on the Stars and Bars, opposing a similar rival organization whose motto is Semper Fidelis. | Confederate States Marine Corps (or CSMC; prompt on partial answers; do not accept or prompt on "Confederate Navy" or equivalents) |
| This American icon is featured in the titles of both a song written by Redd Evans and John Jacob Loeb and a film directed by Joseph Santley. The inspiration for this icon came from a photograph of Naomi Parker released through the Acme photo agency. A poster displaying this feminist icon was produced by the Westinghouse Electric Corporation to encourage more women to join the World War Two labor force. For the point, name this red bandana-wearing character who is depicted on a propaganda poster saying, “We Can Do It!” | Rosie the Riveter (prompt on partial answers) |
| This person formed his first group with Bob Montgomery and was contracted to Decca Records. This person also formed The Crickets and performed as their lead singer. This person is known for the songs “Peggy Sue” and "That'll Be the Day," and the day this person died is a central subject of the song “American Pie." For the point, name this Rock and Roll pioneer whose death in a plane crash, together with Richie Valens and the Big Bopper, is known as “the day the music died." | Buddy Holly (or Charles Hardin Holley; accept Buddy Holly and the Crickets) |
| Description acceptable. The goal addressed in this speech would cost nearly 22 billion dollars, according to James E. Webb. An excerpt of this address reads, “Why choose this as our goal? And they may as well ask, 'Why climb the highest mountain?'” The phrase for which this speech is titled was repeated three times and refers to a challenge “we are willing to accept…unwilling to postpone, and…which we intend to win.” For the point, name this 1962 speech by John F. Kennedy at Rice University. | “We choose to go to the Moon" speech (or Address at Rice University on the Nation’s Space Effort; accept clear-knowledge equivalents to JFK’s moon speech) |
| To poke fun at competitors, this company created fake advertisements with the tagline "We've got our heads in the clouds" as well as a fake website for the fictional SkyHigh Airlines. In 2021, this company joined the Oneworld Alliance, becoming the second active U.S. member. This company gained a strong presence on the west coast after fully acquiring Virgin America. For the point, name this airline, which, despite its name, has its headquarters and main base at SeaTac International Airport in Washington and a logo featuring a smiling Inuit man. | Alaska Airlines |
| In 1970, at the California Republican state convention, this politician derided media members by chiding, “We have more than our share of the nattering nabobs of negativism.” This man, governor of Maryland from 1967 to 1969, had a tumultuous tenure highlighted by the anti-Vietnam Cantonsville Nine protests and the Baltimore Riot of 1968. For the point, name this man, the second vice-president of the United States to resign, serving from 1969 to 1973 under Richard Nixon. | Spiro T (heodore) Agnew |
| This politician chaired a committee to suggest government administrative changes that Truman adopted with the Reorganization Act of 1949. While serving as secretary of commerce, this politician was called “under-secretary of all other departments.” This first president to be born west of the Mississippi became the namesake of a conservative think tank at his alma mater, Stanford University. Succeeding Calvin Coolidge as president, for the point, who was this man, U.S. president during the start of the Great Depression? | Herbert Hoover (or Herbert Clark Hoover) |
| When Samuel W. Bodman was appointed by George W. Bush to lead this department, he testified before the United States House Armed Services Subcommittee on Strategic Forces about security problems at Los Alamos. This department publicly accused Wen Ho Lee of stealing secrets, prompting the formation of the National Nuclear Security Organization. Arthur Schlesinger was appointed the first secretary of, for the point, what cabinet-level department, formally organized by Jimmy Carter in 1977? | United States Department of Energy (accept DOE) |
| This founder of the online community Grok Nation wrote their doctoral dissertation on Hypothalamic regulation relating to Prader–Willi Syndrome. Along with pediatrician Jay Gordon, this person wrote the parenting book Beyond the Sling. This person got one job after Claire McNear’s findings led to the resignation of Mike Richards. For the point, name this author and actress, known for her role as Amy Farrah Fowler on the Big Bang Theory and for co-hosting Jeopardy! with Ken Jennings. | Mayim Bialik (or Mayim Chaya Bialik) |
| This slogan's first appearance on television featured Stevie Ray Vaughan and occurred during the 1986 Cotton Bowl. One creator of this slogan, Tim McClure, said that it was primarily aimed at "bubbas in pickup trucks." Signs depicting this slogan will also often state, "Up to a $2,000 fine for littering." For the point, name this four-word slogan, which was created as part of an anti-littering campaign and has now become a key saying about the Lone Star State. | "Don't Mess with Texas" |
| An incident in this location in 2000 is the subject of the article “35 Scary Minutes,” which details how numerous women were assaulted after a parade. Ads stating “bring back the death penalty” and “bring back our police” were run in 1989 by Donald Trump after five teens were accused of attacking a female jogger in this location. Calvert Vaux [[VAWKS]] and Frederick Law Olmsted helped design, for the point, what large public area, which is often used for recreation in New York City? | Central Park (accept Central Park Five; prompt on “New York” or “New York City” or “Manhattan”) |
| Complaints against the Recreation and Amusement Association resulted in this man issuing SCAPIN 642 to shut down licensed brothels. While addressing a joint Congressional session, this man claimed, "Old soldiers never die. They just fade away.” This man was the title subject of the biography entitled American Caesar, and after he escaped to Australia from Corregidor [[koh-REG-id-or]], this man promised that he would return to the Philippines. Controversially relieved by Harry Truman, for the point, who was this American general? | Douglas MacArthur |
| For over seventy years, this publication was edited by three generations of the Grosvenor [[GROHV-ner]] family. In 2019, this publication became the first brand to reach 100 million followers on Instagram. This publication launched one competition after a survey commemorating their centennial revealed that many Americans lacked basic knowledge in a certain subject. For the point, name this American periodical, known for its photojournalism, its yellow-bordered cover, and its "Afghan Girl" cover of a 1985 issue. | National Geographic Magazine (accept National Geographic Bee; accept National Geographic GeoBee; accept Nat Geo in place of "National Geographic") |
| Journalist William Constant Church was the second person to hold this position in an organization which he co-founded, following Ambrose Burnside. One holder of this position, Charlton Heston, argued no one would try to subdue a dictator with a rolled up newspaper and claimed that Al Gore could take certain objects from his “cold, dead hands.” For the point, name this position, which heads a massively controversial pro-gun lobbying organization in Washington D.C. | President of the National Rifle Association (accept NRA in place of "National Rifle Association"; prompt on partial answers) |
| As president of this school, James McCosh, banned fraternities and sororities in the 1870s. This school became co-ed in 1969, and the incoming female students were all moved to Pyne Hall. In 2023, this school became the first since Cornell in 2010 to advance to the NCAA Sweet Sixteen after winning the Ivy League Men’s Basketball title. This school’s 13th president recently had his name removed from its school of public policy because of his racist legacy. Formerly led by Woodrow Wilson, for the point, what is this university, formerly called the College of New Jersey? | Princeton University (accept College of New Jersey before "co-ed" is mentioned) |
| Robert E. Simon became the owner of a building named for this man after a 1925 acquisition. Though not Samuel Tilden, this man led efforts to create 65 branches within a system whose buildings include a location with a pair of lion statues, representing Patience and Fortitude. Walter Damrosch and Pyotr Tchaikovsky performed during the 1891 opening night at a venue named for this Scottish-American who wrote an article on the obligation of the wealthy to give back to society. For the point, name this steel magnate and philanthropist. | Andrew Carnegie (accept Carnegie Hall) |
| A pair of girls, named Patience and Fear, moved to this colony on the ships Anne and Little James. This colony went to war with Metacomet after John Sassamon, who’d tried to warn Josiah Winslow of an upcoming attack, was killed. This colony, whose founders signed a compact in 1620, are believed to have celebrated the first Thanksgiving after being aided by Squanto. For the point, name this colony, founded in modern-day Massachusetts by the passengers of the Mayflower. | Plymouth Colony (accept Plymouth Bay Colony) |