| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| This city's royal namesake was depicted by Charles Henry Niehaus [[NEE-haus]] in an equestrian statue known as the Apotheosis of [this city]. This city hosted a 1904 World's Fair, during which Brookings Hall was constructed for this city's Washington University. This city is commemorated as the origin of the Lewis and Clark Expedition with the Gateway Arch. For ten points, name this Missouri city located along the Mississippi River. | St. Louis |
| U.S. officials opened a warrant for this man's arrest after he traveled to Yugoslavia for a competition in 1992. At age thirteen, this man beat Donald Byrne in the so-called "Game of the Century." This man became World Champion in 1972 by defeating Boris Spassky in Reykjavík and later became a citizen of Iceland. This man refused to defend his title against Anatoly Karpov in 1975 over a rules disagreement. For ten points, name this reclusive American chess Grandmaster. | Robert "Bobby" Fischer |
| During this event, a man named Dismas told its main subject to "remember me when you come into your kingdom." After this event, a soldier named Longinus [[lon-JAI- nus]] pierced the side of this event's central subject, causing water and blood to gush from the wound. For ten points, name this event ordered by Pontius Pilate, in which the Son of God was hung on a cross outside of Jerusalem. | Crucifixion of Jesus Christ (accept descriptive answers of the death or killing of Jesus Christ) |
| Ammianus Marcellinus recorded one of these events which destroyed Alexandria in a "day of horror." "Meteo" types of these events often hit Britain, and a confirmed example of these events in Scotland was caused by the Storegga slide. 230 thousand people died in a 2004 Boxing Day event of this type in the Indian Ocean. Thucydides correctly postulated that oceanic earthquakes caused, for ten points, what deadly tidal waves? | Tsunamis (accept Meteotsunamis; accept Tidal Waves before mentioned; prompt on "earthquake (s)") |
| From 2013 to 2020, this man served as chief judge of the D.C. circuit. This man prosecuted the perpetrators of the Oklahoma City bombing and rose to fame when a Republican Senate majority refused to consider his nomination for the Supreme Court. In his highest position, this man vowed to bring to justice those who stormed the U.S. Capitol on January 6th, 2021. For ten points, name this jurist who became U.S. Attorney General in March 2021. | Merrick Garland |
| A secret society that formed in this city was known as the Green Gang. A photograph titled Bloody Saturday depicts a crying baby among the ruins of one of this city's train stations. In a battle in this city, Lieutenant Oyama was killed at its Hongqiao [[HUNG- CHOW]] Airport. A 1937 battle in this city was referred to as “Stalingrad on the Yangtze.” For ten points, name this Chinese city occupied by Japan through much of World War Two. | Shanghai |
| Robert Curthouse arrived to this conflict after Kilij Arslan was defeated at Nicaea. Bohemond of Taranto won at this campaign's Battle of Dorylaeum. Near the end of this conflict, Godfrey of Bouillon [[bwee-YOHN]] successfully fended off a Fatimid attack at Ascalon. This campaign was called for at the Council of Clermont by Pope Urban II with a cry of "Deus Vult!" For ten points, name this 11th century campaign in which Christians recaptured the Holy Land. | First Crusade (accept Princes’ Crusade; prompt on "Crusade") |
| In 1855, this politician imported 33 camels and hired eight expert camel herders in order to create the experimental U.S. Camel Corps. As Secretary of War under Franklin Pierce, this man promoted the Gadsden Purchase of southern Arizona from Mexico. Later, this man governed another country from Richmond. For ten points, name this politician who served as president of the Confederacy. | Jefferson Davis |
| This force aided a resistance group by executing Operation Jericho in Amiens [[ah- MYANH]]. Operation Chastise was a campaign conducted by this group which involved a weapon invented by Barney Wallis which “bounced” to several targeted dams. In reference to this group, Winston Churchill once said, “Never was so much owed by so many to so few.” For ten points, name this military group which battled the Luftwaffe [[LOOFT-vah-fuh]] in the skies above Europe. | Royal Air Force (accept RAF) |
| The Battle of Britain began as an attempt by the Luftwaffe to gain air superiority so the German army could perform this operation, the planned invasion of Great Britain. | Operation Sea Lion (or Unternehmen Seelöwe) |
| This event was instigated by the arrest and beating of cab driver John William Smith. Along with a similar event in Detroit, this was the most devastating incident during the “long, hot summer.” During this event, the Jackson Street Bridge over the Passaic River was closed after a 6 p.m. curfew. For ten points, name these 1967 race riots which affected the most populous city in the “Garden State.” | 1967 Newark Race Riots |
| This man was elected mayor of Newark in 2006 and held that office for seven years before resigning to take his seat as the first African-American U.S. senator from New Jersey. | Cory Booker |
| This condition supposedly forced one king to "swallow everything whole." Charles II of Spain was called "the Bewitched" for this notable condition, among other health issues. This condition, whose medical name is "mandibular prognathism," is often caused by inbreeding. For ten points, name this medical condition especially prevalent among members of its namesake royal house, also known as the "Austrian lip." | Habsburg jaw (accept Mandibular prognathism before mentioned; accept Austrian lip before mentioned; prompt on descriptive answers such as "elongated jaw") |
| The death of Charles II led to a diplomatic crisis over his lack of heirs, though the throne ultimately fell to this grandson of Louis XIV, who was forced to renounce the French crown. | Philip V of Spain (accept Philip, Duke of Anjou) |
| The lyrics of this song include the line “Honour'd and blessed be the evergreen pine." James Sanderson provided the music for this song, which took inspiration from The Lady of the Lake by Walter Scott. Played at the end of the War of 1812, Julia Tyler helped create the tradition of playing this song at the arrival of her husband, John. For ten points, name this song, considered the personal anthem of the president of the United States. | "Hail to the Chief" (accept "Wreaths for the Chieftain") |
| Chester Alan Arthur did not like "Hail to the Chief," asking this American "March King" to compose a new song, the "Presidential Polonaise." | John Philip Sousa |
| Arrian chronicled a story in his Anabasis involving this object, which was partly formed with an ox-driven cart belonging to its namesake. Found in Phrygia [[FRIH-jee-ah]], this item might have been destroyed with a linchpin or a sword. The conquest of lands as far as the Oxus throughout Asia is often attributed to the unraveling of this item. For ten points, Alexander the Great’s conquests are legendarily attributed to his untangling of what object? | Gordian Knot |
| Alexander travelled to Siwa after conquering Egypt to determine his divine patronage. The oracle there declared him the "son of [this god]," equated with Zeus by the Greeks and fused with Ra by the Egyptians. | Amun (accept Amon; accept Amen; accept Hammon) |
| A plan to relocate these people to Bhasan Char island by the Bangladeshi government was met with fierce opposition. These people are inhabitants of the former state of Arakan, now known as Rakhine state. The genocide and persecution of these people has been denied by their country's government, including Aung San Suu Kyi [[owng-sahn- soo-CHEE]]. For ten points, name this Muslim minority ethnic group persecuted by the government of Myanmar. | Rohingya people |
| This South African Anglican theologian and Nobel Peace Prize laureate compared the persecution of the Rohingya people to Apartheid. | Bishop Desmond Tutu |
| This man sought to purge his government of secular personnel with help from Fethullah Gülen [[feh-TOO-lah goo-LEHN]]. This man founded his country's Justice and Development Party, or AKP, in 2001, and this man openly criticized his country’s “I Apologize” campaign, which aimed to formally acknowledge the Armenian genocide. For ten points, name this man who was elected president of Turkey in 2014. | Recep Tayyip Erdoğan [[REH-CHEP tah-YEEP EHR-dwahn]] (be very lenient on pronunciation) |
| In 2020, Erdoğan controversially reclassified this museum as a mosque. This Byzantine cathedral had served as a museum since 1935. | Hagia Sophia (or Ayasofya) |
| Crownstones mark every fifth mile of this feature, which cuts across the Allegheny Mountains. This demarcation forms the northern and western boundaries of a region known as “The Wedge." This feature was originally surveyed to resolve a land dispute between Lord Baltimore and a descendant of William Penn. For ten points, name this demarcation which once marked the informal boundary between the Northern free states and Southern slave states in the U.S. | The Mason-Dixon Line (accept Mason and Dixon Line or Mason's and Dixon'sLine) |
| Just prior to his assassination, this president opened a new section of Interstate 95 along the Mason-Dixon line in one of his last public appearances. | John F (itzgerald) "Jack" Kennedy (or JFK) |
| Assisted Thomas Jefferson before serving in the official role for the next president, her husband. | Dolley Madison |
| Was first to be the wife of one president and mother of another. | Abigail Adams |
| Was a glamorous socialite and author and is a part of the "Camelot Era." | Jacqueline Kennedy |
| Started a Foundation for Family Literacy in 1989. | Barbara Bush |
| Championed the contemporary Equal Rights Amendment and founded a substance abuse clinic. | Betty Ford |
| Was called "Lemonade Lucy" because of her support of the temperance movement. | Lucy Webb Hayes |
| Capital of Wales which was damaged in the Blitz during World War Two. | Cardiff (accept Caerdydd) |
| Eldest son of Queen Elizabeth II, the longest-serving Prince of Wales. | Charles, Prince of Wales |
| Welsh prime minister who was one of the "big four" at the Versailles peace negotiations. | David Lloyd George (accept 1st Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor) |
| Author of Under Milk Wood who scripted wartime documentary series for BBC. | Dylan Thomas |
| City nicknamed "Copperopolis” which was bombed by the Luftwaffe in February, 1941. | City and County of Swansea (accept Abertawe) |
| 1966 collapse of a coal pile in a Welsh village that killed 116 children and 28 adults. | Aberfan disaster |
| Confederacy that fought the French-Canadians in the Beaver Wars. | Iroquois Confederacy (accept Iroquois League; accept the Six Nationss; accept the Five Nations; accept Haudenosaunee) |
| Cultural monuments commonly carved from western red cedar in the Pacific Northwest. | Totem pole (s) |
| Arctic people group considered distinct from the First Nations and the Métis [[may- TEE]]. | Inuit (accept Inuuk) |
| Former Confederacy that shares its name with one of the Great Lakes. | Huron (or Wyandot; or Wendat) |
| British-allied tribe led by Joseph Brant during the American Revolution. | Mohawks (or Kanienʼkehá꞉ka; or Keepers of the Eastern Door) |
| First Nation whose sub-groups include Plains, Woods, Swampy, and Moose. | Cree (accept Néhinaw or Néhiyaw) |
| Gouverneur Morris opposed the passage of this document, doubting the usefulness of direct taxes. Some historians believe that Thomas Jefferson’s victory in the (+) election of 1800 and the passage of the Missouri Compromise likely occurred due to this (*) agreement. For ten points, name this compromise which counted slaves as a certain fraction of a person for purposes of representation. | Three-fifths Compromise (or Article 1, Section 2, Clause 3 of the U.S. Constitution) |
| In a painting titled for one of these people, John Everett Millais [[mee-LAY]] depicted a youth pulling off a white band wrapped around his arm during the St. Bartholomew's (+) Day massacre. Louis XIV revoked many of Cardinal Richelieu's protections for these people after passing the Edict of Fontainebleau. (*) The Edict of Nantes [[NAHNT]] granted rights to, for ten points, what group of French Calvinists? | Huguenots (accept French Protestants or French Calvinists before mentioned) |
| Scientists have identified the wild wheat growing around this Mesopotamian site as the closest relative to the wheat we eat today, suggesting that celebrations there were a step towards the domestication of crops. Discovered in 1994 by Klaus Schmidt, (+) this site may have been the location of one of the first temples in human history, built between 10,000 and 12,000 years ago. (*) For ten points, name this Neolithic archaeological site in southeastern Turkey. | Göbekli Tepe [[gir-BEK-lee TEH-peh]] (or Potbelly Hill; or Girê Mirazan) |
| Carole Pateman argued that this concept shifted the means by which men had dominated women. A book named for this concept posits that the sovereign should act only to benefit the "general will." The line (+) "Man is born free, yet everywhere is in chains" opens a work titled for this concept by Jean-Jacques (*) Rousseau. For ten points, name this concept in which people surrender some freedoms in exchange for the protection of their rights by the state. | Social Contract (accept On the Social Contract; or, Principles of Political Right; accept Du contrat social; ou Principes du droit politique) |
| This company, based out of New Brunswick, New Jersey, partnered with Janssen Pharmaceuticals in 1961. A major effort by this company has been hampered by reports of extremely rare blood (+) clots. This company's COVID-19 vaccine is intended to require only one shot, unlike (*) Moderna and Pfizer. For ten points, name this American pharmaceutical company, also known for Band-Aids, Tylenol, and baby products. | Johnson & Johnson (or J&J) |
| Victims of this event were assembled in Mariveles and Bagac before being forced to their destination at Camp O'Donnell. The leader of this event, Masaharu Homma, was executed (+) in the Tokyo Trials. This event was followed a month later by the Battle of Corregidor (*) in Manila Bay. For ten points, name this event in which American and Filipino prisoners of war were forced to undergo a brutal "march." | Bataan Death March |
| This policy was initiated partially in response to George F. Kennan's "Long Telegram," which introduced the word "containment" into foreign policy. Developed in response to the Turkish (+) Straits Crisis and the Greek Civil War, this policy was enacted to avoid a "Domino Effect." (*) Leading to the founding of NATO, for ten points, what U.S. policy aimed to contain Soviet expansion by aiding foreign countries? | Truman Doctrine |
| This battle may have taken place at Senlac, or near Caldbec or Telham Hill. Amatus of Montecassino described how one ruler was killed by an arrow to the eye (+) at this battle, the site of which is marked by Battle Abbey. Weeks before this battle, the losers were forced to engage a Norwegian attack at Fulford and Stamford Bridge. (*) Harold Godwinson was killed in, for ten points, what 1066 victory for William the Conqueror? | Battle of Hastings |
| In explaining his support for this text, Thaddeus Stevens claimed he voted for it “because [he lived] among men and not angels." This text was originally rejected by Georgia. (+) This text, which banned states from restricting "privileges or immunities," was criticized by Radical Republicans for failing to include (*) voting rights. For ten points, name this Constitutional amendment which promised all U.S.-born individuals citizenship. | Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution |
| This woman who founded the Missionaries of Charity in 1950 was awarded the 1979 Nobel Peace Prize and was canonized in 2016. | Mother Teresa (or Mother Mary Teresa Bojaxhiu; or Saint Teresa of Calcutta) |