| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In his book The World Crisis, Winston Churchill described the dismissal of this battle's planners Ferdinand Foch [[FOHSH]] and Joseph Joffree. The Mark I [[ONE]] Tank was first deployed at this battle, which was launched to relieve pressure from Verdun. For ten points, name this 1916 World War One battle named for a river in Picardy, France, at which the British sustained 420,000 casualties. | Battle of the Somme (accept Somme Offensive) |
| At the Battle of Thymbra, this man defeated the army of Croesus [[KREE-sus]] and conquered the Lydian kingdom. This man's capital was at Pasargadae [[pah-SAR-gah-deh]], and he established an administrative system of satraps. This man's namesake Cylinder tells the story of his repatriation of the Jews after the Babylonian captivity. For ten points, name this founder of the Persian Achaemenid [[ah-KEE-muh-nid]] Empire. | Cyrus the Great (accept Cyrus II of Persia; accept Cyrus the Elder) |
| One person with this title had his deceased predecessor tried in the Cadaver Synod [[SIN-ahd]]. That predecessor with this title, Formosus, was later reported to have performed miracles along the banks of the Tiber. A prophecy regarding people with this title dictates that the last one named Peter will oversee the destruction of the "City of Seven Hills." For ten points, what title is given to the "holder of the Keys of Heaven," also known as the Bishop of Rome? | Pope (accept Bishop of Rome before mentioned; accept Supreme Pontiff or Roman Pontiff) |
| This man's brother, Abner, served as the second governor of North Carolina, while this man served in the North Carolina General Assembly before becoming an officer. This man, who heavily opposed the Regulator movement, is the namesake of a city that was originally a fort defending the Cumberland River valley. Leading North Carolina's soldiers in the Pennsylvania campaign, for ten points, who was this Revolutionary War general who names a large Southern city? | Francis Nash (accept Nashville) |
| The introduction to the first scenario of this man's campaign in Age of Empires II [[TWO]] claims that this man's group settled at the “head of the Onon River.” A work subtitled “Clan of the Grey Wolf” appears in a Koei series named for this man, in which players can control a faction led by Jamukha. In one game, this man claims, “It is easy to conquer the world on horseback.” For ten points, name this ruler, whose Civilization 6 leader ability is Mongol Horde. | Genghis Khan (accept Temujin; accept pronunciation as [[GEN-giss]] or [[CHEN- giss]]) |
| The first London iteration of this annual period featured a speech by Maulana Karenga. At West Virginia State University, a 2020 convocation for this annual period included a keynote given by DeRay McKesson. A predecessor of this annual period was only a week long and included the birthdays of Abraham Lincoln and Frederick Douglass. For ten points, name this celebration observed every February recognizing African-American achievements. | Black History Month (prompt on partial answers) |
| This man, who created juries in his Wantage [[WAHN-tidge]] law code, paid gafol tributes for peace on the advice of Sigeric the Serious. Gunhilde, and possibly Pallig Tokesen, were killed in the St. Brice's Day Massacre which this man ordered, prompting an invasion by Sweyn [[SVEN]] Forkbeard. Losing to the Vikings at Maldon, for ten points, who was this "poorly advised" King of England? | Æthelred the Unready |
| In his veto message, this president claimed that the passage of a Civil Rights Bill would be an act “against the white race.” This one-term president was a former military governor of Tennessee who many thought would engage in Radical Reconstruction. For ten points, name this man who served just six weeks as vice president before becoming the 17th U.S. president after the death of Abraham Lincoln. | Andrew Johnson |
| In 1995, the Armed Islamic Group of Algeria targeted public transportation in this country. This country's most deadly terrorist attack targeted a soccer stadium and a theatre at which the Eagles of Death Metal were playing. In 2015, al-Qaeda gunmen targeted the offices of Charlie Hebdo in this country. For ten points, name this country whose Gendarmerie [[zhahn-dar-meh-REE]] and National Police share responsibility for counterterrorism operations. | France (or French Republic) |
| On November 13, 2015, ninety people were killed by terrorists at this Paris theatre which opened in 1865 and whose name refers to a Jacques Offenbach operetta. | Bataclan Theatre |
| The merger of this bank with Bank One resulted in the hiring of Jamie Dimon as its CEO. For a total price of $236 million, this bank acquired the once fifth-largest investment bank, Bear Stearn. Founded by a man who bailed out the U.S. government in 1907 and bought out the Carnegie Steel Corporation, for ten points, what is this bank, partly named for an early twentieth-century financier? | JPMorgan Chase & Co (prompt on "J.P. Morgan") |
| Jamie Dimon is one of many influential MBAs to attend the Boston graduate business school of this university of which J.P. Morgan was a major benefactor. | Harvard University (accept Harvard College) |
| Barack Obama claimed that this text’s central doctrine “has been woven into the fabric of our country.” A 2014 book by Denise Spellberg examines the influence of this text on one Founding Father. The 2007 swearing-in of Minnesota Congressman Keith Ellison notably involved a translation of this book which was owned by Thomas Jefferson and may have inspired Rashida Tlaib to do the same. For ten points, name this non-Biblical religious book. | The Quran |
| This woman, who succeeded Keith Ellison as Minnesota's Representative from the 5th district, also swore in on the Quran in 2018. | Ilhan Omar |
| Kate Blewett studied neglect under this policy in The Dying Rooms. People moved to Hong Kong to avoid this policy, which was relaxed after the Sichuan earthquake. This policy was inspired by Song Jian at the Chengdu Meeting after he read The Limits to Growth and A Blueprint For Survival. For ten points, name this Chinese population control policy. | One-Child Policy |
| In 2002, Kate Blewett's documentary Kids Behind Bars won the Media Award from this international human rights organization which itself won the 1977 Nobel Peace Prize. | Amnesty International (prompt on "AI") |
| This man’s brother, William, served as his bookkeeper when he was the head of an institution originally led by Ellen White. This man headed an institution that hosted three eugenics conferences for the Race Betterment Foundation. This superintendent of Battle Creek Sanitarium realized that stale wheat which was rolled created a crispier alternative to dough. For ten points, name this creator of cornflakes. | John Harvey Kellogg |
| Among the Battle Creek Sanitarium's most notable patients was this woman, who notably went against science by hosting seances in the White House after the death of her son Willy. | Mary Todd Lincoln |
| This ZANLA leader compromised in a cease-fire with Christopher Soames known as the Lancaster House Agreement. Many Ndebele [[nn-deh-BEH-leh]] were killed in this man's Gukurahundi, and he led the North Korea-trained 5th Brigade. This ZANU-PF leader gave a speech at Rufaro Stadium to announce the renaming of his nation in 1980. Canaan Banana preceded, for ten points, what man who served for thirty years as president of Zimbabwe? | Robert Mugabe |
| Christopher Soames was the last governor of this British Crown colony. This de jure colony declared independence in 1965, becoming an unrecognized state, before officially being recognized as Zimbabwe in 1980. | Colony of Southern Rhodesia (prompt on "Rhodesia" or "Republic of Rhodesia") |
| This man signed the Treaty of Bled with Georgi Dimitrov and was the first head of the Non-Aligned Movement. This man sent a letter to Stalin ordering him to stop sending assassins and threatening that he would need only one killer to assassinate Stalin. Despite reforms, this man opposed the Croatian Spring. For ten points, name this Partisan leader and president of Yugoslavia. | Marshal Josip Broz Tito (accept Tito) |
| From 2009 to 2011, this man who served as president of Egypt for thirty years was also secretary-general of the Non-Aligned Movement. | Hosni Mubarak |
| The Enterprise provided balloon reconnaissance at this battle which included fighting at Blackburn’s Ford. Joseph Johnston’s arrival contributed to Irwin McDowell’s defeat at this battle, which was the subject of a telegraph sent to Lincoln claiming “The day is lost. Save Washington and the remnants of this army." Fought in July of 1861 in Prince William County, Virginia, for ten points, what was this battle sometimes named for nearby Manassas? | First Battle of Bull Run (accept First Battle of Manassas before mentioned; prompt on partial answers) |
| Joseph Johnston was seriously wounded during this 1862 battle in Northern Virginia, also known as the Battle of Fair Oaks Station, after which Robert E. Lee took command of the Confederate army. | Battle of Seven Pines |
| Year in which the war started with a U.S.-led coalition invading Iraq. | |
| Iraqi capital which fell to coalition forces less than three weeks after the war started. | Baghdad |
| Two-word phrase displayed on the USS Abraham Lincoln during a post-war speech by George W. Bush. | Mission Accomplished |
| Political party of Saddam Hussein and Syrian president Hafez al-Assad. | Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party (or Ḥizb al-Ba‘th al-‘Arabī al-Ishtirākī) |
| Term given to French Fries in Congressional cafeterias after France did not join in the invasion of Iraq. | Freedom Fries |
| Iraqi prime minister between 2006 and 2014 who was interviewed by the CIA. | Nouri al-Maliki |
| Country in which the Years of Lead took place, in which terrorists killed civilians in cities like Florence. | Italy (accept Italian Republic; accept Italia) |
| Northern region in which the Piazza Fontana bombing took place in Milan. | Lombardy (accept Lombardia) |
| Christian Democrat prime minister who was kidnapped and killed in 1978 following a failed papal mediation mission. | Aldo Moro |
| Terrorist group that kidnapped that leader and was led by Mario Moretti. | Red Brigades (accept BR; accept Brigate Rosse) |
| City where 85 people were killed at the Centrale railway station in a 1980 bombing. | Bologna (accept Bononia) |
| City in Veneto in which U.S. officer James Lee Dozier was rescued from kidnappers in 1982. | Padua (accept Padova) |
| Socialist president of Venezuela whose policies led to Venezuela's shaky economy in the 2010s. | Hugo Chávez |
| Successor to that president, whose 2018 election results were contested by conservative opponent Juan Guaidó. | Nicolás Maduro |
| First indigenous South American president who led Bolivia between 2006 and 2019. | Evo Morales (accept Juan Evo Morales Ayma) |
| Crop used to produce an illegal stimulant, which was legalized in an attempt to help poor farmers in Bolivia. | Coca plant |
| Colorful term used to denote Latin America's abandonment of neoliberal leaders during its "Turn to the Left." | Pink Tide (accept Marea Rosa) |
| Ecuadorian president and founder of the PAIS [[pah-EES]] Alliance, whose vice president was Lenin Moreno. | Rafael Correa |
| Wounds that this man sustained at Chickamauga led to the amputation of his right leg. A failed “Pickett’s Charge of the West” was conducted by this man’s troops at his disastrous defeat at Franklin. That defeat occurred a month before this man was defeated in a December (+) 1864 battle against his former instructor George Thomas at Nashville. (*) For ten points, name this Confederate general known for his reckless aggressiveness. | John Bell Hood |
| As a young intelligence officer, this man wrote a report on the League of Nations’s relief in Kharkiv, Ukraine. Curt Brauer ordered King Haakon VII to appoint this man as prime minister, leading to the monarch’s establishment of a government- in-exile (+) in the U.K. The name of this leader of the Nasjonal Samling became synonymous with being a (*) traitor to one’s home country. For ten points, name this fascist prime minister of Norway who collaborated with the Nazi government. | Vidkun Quisling |
| This country's railroad was home to the Choum [[SHOOM]] Tunnel, a "monument to European stupidity in Africa." This country's Banc d’Arguin [[dahr- GAHN]] is the setting of Théodore Géricault's [[zheh-ree-COHS]] (*) The Raft of the Medusa. The White Moors, or Bidan, enslaved many of this country's Haratines, even after slavery was abolished in 1960. (*) Nouakchott [[NWAHK-shaht]] is the capital of, for ten points, what West African nation? | Islamic Republic of Mauritania |
| One work from this artist depicts a large ponderosa pine tree on D. H. Lawrence's ranch. This person caused a sensation as the subject of a 1921 exhibition of photographs by Alfred Stieglitz, (*) whom she later married. Jimson Weed and Cow's Skull: Red, White, and Blue (*) are among the best known works of, for ten points, what "Mother of American modernism," known for her paintings of New Mexico landscapes, animal bones, and flowers? | Georgia O'Keeffe |
| In 1955, Acharya Shantisagar notably performed a version of this practice called sallekhana, which was banned by the Rajasthan High Court in 2015. In Islam, this practice begins at suhur, (*) and ends at iftar. This practice is observed during religious occasions such as Lent, Yom Kippur, and Ramadan. (*) For ten points, name this religious practice in which people refrain from eating and drinking. | Fasting (accept Sawm; accept Siyam; accept equivalents such as not eating) |
| John MacRae Washington helped negotiate with this tribe, and its leader, Narbona, signed the Bear Springs Treaty. Kit Carson brought these people to Bosque Redondo in the Long Walk. Led by Barboncito and (+) Manuelito, this tribe was integrated into the army by Philip Johnston as code-talkers. (*) Calling themselves the Diné, for ten points, what is this Southwest American tribe, the largest to be federally recognized? | Navajo (accept Diné before mentioned) |
| This party led the Defiance Campaign against Unjust Laws after another party passed legislation including the Group Areas Act. This party, whose youth division operated the paramilitary “Spear of the (+) Nation,” was banned by the C. R. Swart government following the Soweto uprising against the mandatory use of (*) Afrikaans in schools. For ten points, name this prominent South African party of Jacob Zuma, Thabo Mbeki, and Nelson Mandela. | African National Congress (accept ANC) |
| A high collar this man was wearing likely saved him from being killed in an assassination attempt conducted by the nationalist János [[YAH-noash]] Libényi. The combined forces of Napoleon III and Victor Emmanuel II defeated this man's forces at (+) Solferino. The suicide of this man’s son, Crown Prince Rudolf, left this man's nephew as his (*) would-be successor. Ruling for nearly 68 years, for ten points, who was this Austrian emperor? | Franz Joseph I (accept Francis Joseph I; accept Ferenc József; accept Franz Josef Karl) |
| This man sailed to Acre [[AH-kruh]] where he met Pope Gregory X. This man told stories to Rustichello da Pisa while imprisoned following the Battle of Curzola. This man’s final duty to a certain (+) empire was the delivery of Princess Kököchin to her husband in Persia, after which he returned to (*) Venice with his riches. For ten points, name this world-traveling Venetian merchant who spent time in the court of Kublai Khan. | Marco Polo |
| This man is perhaps the wealthiest criminal in history, with a net worth of some $30 billion when he died in 1993. Who was this Colombian leader of the Medellín [[meh- deh-YEEN]] Cartel who was killed by Colombian police at the age of 44? | Pablo Escobar |